Abantu abaningi ngegama elithi "i-HIV" bayazamazama, becabanga ukuthi lesi sigwebo sokufa. Eqinisweni, kunezinkolelo eziningi ezesabekayo ezingahlangani nhlobo.
Iziphakamiso ezisebenzisa isifinyezo se-HIV, zingabhekwa njengezindaba ezimbi kubantu abadala. Abaningi bayazi ukuthi kuyini, kodwa ulwazi lukhawulelwe futhi luvame ukukhohlisa. Isikhathi sokubeka wonke amachashazi ngaphezulu "futhi" futhi uqonde lesi sihloko esibaluleke kakhulu.
1. Ukugula kwezidakamizwa ezidakamizwa, amantombazane enhle kanye namanye amaqembu ahluphekile.
Kuyiphutha ukukholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo asikwazi ukukuthinta. Ngokwezibalo, indlela evamile kakhulu yokudluliswa kwe-HIV isondo, futhi ukuma lapha akubalulekile. Ngokungavamile kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwenzalo nge-syringe engcolile, njengoba igciwane lifa ngokushesha emoyeni. Ezinye izizathu zokudluliswa zihlanganisa: ukukhulelwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi zokwelashwa ezingekho oyinyumba kanye negazi lomnikeli ongenayo.
2. Ukuphila kufushane uma kutholakala ukuthi une-HIV.
Lesi sitatimende sasiyiqiniso eminyakeni engama-90, lapho isifo sokuqala sokutheleleka senziwa khona nalabo abathole i-HIV ngokushesha bafinyelele esigabeni esibulalayo se-AIDS. Ezweni lanamuhla, konke kushintshile, njengoba ososayensi baye bahlakulela umuthi osiza abantu abanegciwane ukuba baphile iminyaka eminingi njengoba bephilile. Omunye umuthi ufunde ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwegciwane kusuka kumama kuya kwengane. Muva nje, imithi ithuthukiswe okunconywa kubantu abasengozini njengokuvimbela.
3. Ngizizwa kahle, okusho ukuthi anginayo i-HIV.
Ngeshwa, inani elikhulu labantu alisho ngisho nokuthi bayithwali yegciwane, njengoba kungenakuhambisana nanoma yimaphi izimpawu zomtholampilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HIV ingafihla ngaphansi komkhuhlane ngezinga eliphezulu lokushisa nezinye izimpawu ezivamile zezifo eziningi.
4. Ukuxilongwa kwe-HIV = i-AIDS.
Nakhu kuyadingeka ukubheka okubalulekile kwale mibono. Ngakho-ke, i-HIV ibonisa ukuthi kunegciwane emzimbeni ohlasela futhi ubhubhise amaseli alwa nezifo nezifo. Ngokuqondene ne-AIDS, ichaza isikhathi esiphezulu sokutheleleka, lapho ukuzivikela kungakwazi ukulwa namagciwane ahlukene kanye nezifo. Ukushintsha kwesinye isifo kuya kwesinye kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, uma umuntu engenzi ukwelashwa. Ukusebenzisa imithi yanamuhla, kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-HIV nge-AIDS.
5. I-HIV iphiliswa.
Njengokuba abaningi bengayifuni, kodwa ngenkathi lesi sifo singelapheki. Ososayensi basebenza njalo emtholampilo, kodwa kuze kube manje imizamo ayiphumelelanga. Abantu abagulayo kufanele balandele yonke imiyalelo kadokotela ukuze balawule igciwane futhi bangavumeli likhule.
6. Ungangenwa yi-kiss nokubamba ngesandla.
Umphakathi wanamuhla uyathanda ukukhetha ukuphazamiseka, futhi ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi abantu abanezifo ezihlukehlukene ezibandakanya i-HIV. Ngikholelwa, akukho lutho olwesabekayo ezandleni, ukuxhawula, ukumanga kanye nabanye othintana nabo ngokomzimba, no. I-virus ayitholakali ematheni, ayidluliswanga ngendlela yendlu futhi ngaphandle komzimba ifa ngokushesha, ngakho ungabonisi ubuwula bakho futhi ungacasuli abantu abangakufanelanga.
7. Ungatheleleka ngokuxhumana negazi nangamahlumela avuliwe.
Enye yezinganekwane ezivame kakhulu, ezichazwe ososayensi. Amacala lapho i-HIV idluliselwa ngesikhashana noma isinqunyiwe, ayibhaliwe. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngokuxhumana nesamba esikhulu segazi kusuka esilweni esisha, njengoba lokhu kwenzeka lokhu odokotela base-ambulensi, ngakho-ke kufanele basebenzise njalo amagilavu avuthayo.
8. Ukudlulisela i-HIV kuyizinambuzane.
Esinye isitatimende esingenza ososayensi bahleke. Ukwelashwa ngokusebenzisa uviniga wemiyane noma ezinye izinambuzane ezondla igazi akunakwenzeka, ngoba phakathi noviniga abafaki igazi lesisulu esidlule.
9. Owesifazane olelekile uzobeletha ingane ene-HIV.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha nokubeletha, kodwa ngoba omama abazayo bakhathazekile ngezingane zabo, benza ukwelashwa okudingekayo futhi bagweme ukuncelisa. Ngenxa yokuthi owesifazane ugcwalisa yonke imiyalelo kadokotela, ingozi yokutheleleka incishisiwe.
10. Ukutheleleka ngokusebenzisa izinaliti emaqembu, ama-cinema nezinye izindawo zomphakathi.
I-scarecrow, eyasakazeka iminyaka eminingi, isitshela ukuthi abantu abanegciwane abaphelelwa yithemba baya ezindaweni zomphakathi, lapho abantu abafaka khona izilinganiso ngegazi labo bahlaselwa noma bafaka izinaliti ezihlalweni kubhayisikobho. Eqinisweni, lokhu kuyize, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi, akukho amacala okudluliswa kwe-HIV aye alotshwe ngale ndlela.
11. Ikhondomu ngeke ivikeleke nge-HIV.
Ukuthi i-latex inezinhlamvu ezincane kakhulu sekuyisikhathi eside saziwa. Kodwa amakhondomu ekhwalithi, aphethwe kahle, anikeze ukuvikelwa okuthembekile. Njengoba amakhondomu engadluli uketshezi, kusho ukuthi ukutheleleka kuwo akukwazi ukungena kwenye indawo.
12. Isizathu sodwa se-AIDS singculaza
Khumbula inombolo yenombolo 4? Lokhu kwakuyi-version esemthethweni ye-WHO. Manje lungele ... I-HIV ayiyona imbangela ye-AIDS! Ukwehliswa okunjalo kokuzijabulisa ngosuku lokugcina iminyaka engu-20 lweSandulela Ngculaza kwabekwa phambili yizifundiswa ezibizwa ngokuthi abaphikisana nezimpikiswano. UPeter Duesberg, i-virologist eYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, usiqinisekisa ukuthi abukho ubufakazi obanele emhlabeni ukuxhumanisa i-HIV nengculaza. Iqembu lamasosayensi abahloniphekile ngokuvamile likholelwa ukuthi konke ukuphazamiseka okuzungeze isifo esinjalo njenge-AIDS akuyona nje into ebizwa ngokuthi i-duck yemithi kanye nenhloso yokulwa nomuntu. UDuesberg wathi:
"Uma bengitshele ukuthi nginegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, ngeke ngikhathazeke ngakho okwesibili."
Mhlawumbe abanye akufanele bakhathazeke?