Izinhlobo zezinkomo ezilinganayo - izici zohlobo, ama-pluses kanye namaminithi okuqukethwe

Omunye weminyaka endala emhlabeni wonke uSimmental izinkomo zezinkomo zenziwa eSwitzerland esigodini soMfula iSimma. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha, maphakathi nekhulu le-19, imfuyo yayiyizinto ezikhiqiza inyama nobisi obukhiqiza kakhulu, yasakazwa kabanzi eYurophu. E-Russia, amaSimmentals alethwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Uhlobo lwezinkomo ezilinganayo - isici

Izimpawu zomhlaba wonke zenziwa kuwo wonke amazwekazi emhlabeni, njengoba zivumela abalimi ukuba babe nobisi oluningi nenyama enkathi kanye. I-Burenki ayithobeki ekudleni nasekumkhathini kokuqukethwe. Incazelo yezinkomo ze-Simmental iqukethe izici ezinjalo:

1. Ukujwayela kahle - ama-burrs azizwa kahle ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
2. Lezi zinkomo kufanele zihlwanyele emithambekeni nasemithambekeni.
3. Ama-simmentals anemilenze eqinile nama-hoove, okumelene nokukhwabanisa.
4. Lezi zinkomo azizinzile, zibekezela futhi zingenasisekelo ekudleni. Ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kokudla, ngokuzithandela badla utshani, kuyilapho behlala bethela futhi benempilo.
5. I-Swiss Burenki inemvelo enokuthula, ihlukaniswa nemvelo enhle kakhulu yomama. I-Genera kubo, njengomthetho, iyaqhubeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Uhlobo lusekuqaleni-ukukhula, iminyaka yobudala bezinyanga ezingu-31.

Izinhlamvu zohlobo lwe-Simmental

Izimpawu ezimfushane zohlobo lwe-Simmental:

1. Umbala wezinkabi uphaphathekile-uphethiwe, uphuphukile, ngezinye izikhathi obomvu. Izilwane eziningi ezibomvu ezimhlophe noma abantu abomvu-motley atholakala.
2. Ukugcoba kunomzimba we-muscle, ithambo elinamandla nelinamandla. Izinkomo zikhulu, ukukhula ekubundeni kungama 136-148 cm, umzimba ububanzi, ubude buka 160-165 cm.
3. Ama-simmentals ahluke ekhanda eliqinile elinamandla nekhanda elikhulu.
4. Amacici - i-beige, eyenziwe ngokujwayelekile, i-ekhaleni - ngokucophelela i-pink.
5. Lesi sizwe siyabonakala ngenxa yemilenze yaso enamandla futhi ephansi, emilenzeni enamandla. Isifuba sijulile (67-73 cm), ububanzi (44-48 cm), ebhincini elikhulu nesifuba esithuthukile sezinkunzi.
6. Abantu abavuthiwe banesisindo esingu-550-650 kg, abesilisa - 900-1200 kg, baqeda ukukhula eminyakeni engama-4-5.

Izinhlobo zohlobo lwezinkomo ze-Simmental

I-Simmental yemfuyo yonke yemfuyo ibhekisela kuhlobo lwe-meat-and-ubisi (linehlangene) umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza - linikeza ubisi nenyama ngemali ebalulekile. Ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kunezinhlobo zezinkomo ezifuywayo - ezibomvu zeSadovskaya, i-Hungarian variegated, obomvu besiBulgaria, iSlovak-red-mottled, ama-monkeybirds nezindiza.

Uhlobo lwezinkomo ezilinganayo - izinzuzo nezingozi

Abalimi bakhetha izinhlobo zezinkomo ze-Simmental phakathi kwamanye amasampula ezinkomo ngenxa yezinzuzo zama-freenoks:

1. Ukuzaliswa kohlobo lwe-Simmental luzuzisa, lunikeza ngokulinganisa okubili kakhulu komnotho - ubisi nenyama.
2. Ukungajwayelekile kumfowuni wamathole nabantu abadala.
3. Umjikelezo owedlule wokondla ubisi lwezilwane ezincane, okunciphisa izindleko zokudla kwamathole.
4. Ukujwayela kalula kumvelo wokuqukethwe.
5. Ukukhiqiza okuhle kakhulu, okuye kwaba yikhwama esihle kakhulu sezakhi zofuzo lapho ewela nezinye izinkomo ezinamahhashi.
6. Ukwethembeka kwezilwane, ukubekezela kwabo kanye nempilo enhle.
7. Isikhathi eside sokuphila, lowo muntu unezibalo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhiqiza, ngisho nangeneminyaka engu-12-14.

Ngezinye izikhathi kuphawula:

1. Ukubeka okungalungile kwamagatsha - ngemuva "umlenze wezindlovu", nangaphambili - ukuguqulwa ngaphandle.
2. Ukuthuthukiswa okungathathi kahle kwekota yangaphambili yesibalo.
3. Ingemuva kwentamo.
4. Isifuba esincane esakhiwe.
5. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuphawulwe "umuthi omningi".

Ukukhiqizwa kohlobo lwe-Simmental

Ubisi kulesi sizwe lunomdla omuhle kakhulu, lubonakala ngenani eliphezulu lamaprotheni, eliphelele ekwenzeni izikhukhula. I-Burenki ingaziqhayisa ngokukhanga okukhulu. Zingaki izinhlobo ze-Simmental zinika ubisi: 3.5 - 5 amathani ngonyaka, ngesilinganiso esihle - amathani ayi-6, amarekhodi angama-12-14 amathani. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha - cishe 4% (kufika ku-6%). Ukukhiqizwa kwesilwane esisodwa sekuyiminyaka eyi-15, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthola amathani angama-52 ubisi ngemigqa ezinzile ye-lactation.

Izilwane ezivuthiwe zandisa isisindo saso ngokushesha futhi zihambisana, ngezinga elingu-1300 kg lamathole ezinkunzi. Izinkomo zilinganisa phakathi kuka-500 no-1000 kg. Ekuhlatshweni, isizwe esinamafutha sinika u-56% wenyama ngesisindo sakhe, kanti izinkunzi zingaphezu kuka-65%. Inkabi ihlukaniswe ngekhwalithi yayo enhle kakhulu, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhalori, inezintambo ezilula ezithambile kanye nokuqukethwe kwamafutha okungu-12%.

Ukuhlwanyiswa kwamathole we-Simmental

Abakwa-Simmentals baye bafakazela isikhathi eside njengesizwe ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuzuza kulo lonke isikhathi sokukhula. Amathole akhiwa amakhulu, 35-45 kg, akhulise isisindo sakhe ezinyangeni ezinyangeni eziyisithupha angaphansi kwezikhathi ezine. Ukukhula kwentsha kulula - izilwane ziyasebenza, akudingeki ukuba zenze imvelo engavamile yentuthuko futhi yande ukunakwa.

Ukuze bathole inyama, abalimi bayelulekwa ukuba banamathele amathole enkunzi kaSimmental. Uma besesitokisini bangafaka 1-1.1 kg ngosuku ngosuku. Lapho izinyanga ezingu-12 isisindo samathole ezinkomo cishe angaba ngu-400 kg, ithole ngonyaka lilinganisa u-100 kg ngaphansi. Amaviki ayisishiyagalombili okuqala amathole anikezwa kuphela ngemikhiqizo yobisi. Kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-3-6 isilwane sidinga amaprotheni amaningi, njengoba ukudoba kuyasiza okusanhlamvu, inqwaba yezinyosi (utshani obusika obusika obuhlobo lwasehlobo), imifino. Ezinyangeni eziyi-15-20 zamadoda abesilisa abancane, asekhulile ngenxa yokugcoba, futhi amathole anqatshiwe athunyelwa ekuhlatshweni.