Ngonyaka wokuvuna, abaningi abazi ukuthi bangafaka kanjani isivuno esicebile samajikijolo nezithelo. Noma yini okumelwe uyenze ngamagilebhisi abambe gazebo abathandayo? Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwenza iwayini elenziwe ekhaya kuyoba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuxazulula izinkinga.
Iwayini lemvelo, ikakhulukazi iwayini levini, liletha injabulo, impilo kanye nokuphila. Le ndoda yazama ukuvuthwa kusuka kumswakama wezithelo zomvini eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-8000 eyedlule - iminyaka eminingi kangaka umshini wezindaba owawuthola eDamaseku. Ubuciko bokuncintisana okuvela eMesopotamiya naseTranscaucasia kwawela eGreece naseRoma, lapho iwayini laba khona isiphuzo konkulunkulu, imithi kanye nokudla. Ubuchwepheshe be-winemaking buguquke kancane futhi bungasetshenziswa ekhaya.
Indlela yokupheka iwayini elenziwe ngamakhemikhali?
Amawayini akhiwe ngezigaba ezine kusukela kunoma yikuphi amajikijolo nezithelo. Masikhulume ngomunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe:
- Iwayini lithathwe izithelo ezivuthiwe, ezingaphezulu, kodwa ezingaguli noma ezibolile. Lena enye yemibandela yewayini elihle. Amajikijolo ayahlanzwa, ama-peduncles ahlukaniswa. Ungagcini kuphela amagilebhisi. Ukumboza okumhlophe ngamajikijolo - imvubelo yewayini, ngaphandle kwabo, iwayini lilahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwalo, iphunga, ukudlala kabi.
- Gwema amajikijolo njengendlela elula: cindezela, usike, i-crumple, uma nje uthola ijusi elingaphezulu nge-pulp (i-wort).
- Ukuvuthwa kuyinkqubo eyisisekelo kakhulu. Okokuqala, engeza i-wort emgqonyeni, ibhakede noma izimbiza. Engeza ushukela noma iwayini ngokuqala iresiphi. Vala i-gauze bese ufaka endaweni efudumele. I-Wort ebhodini elibanzi kuyoba ngokushesha futhi kungcono ukuzulazula, kuba izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ezixutshwe. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa siyizinsuku ezingu-2-10 futhi kuxhomeke ekushiseni, kufanele kube yizigaba ezingu-22-33, inqubo iyancipha futhi iyanqamuka, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezingu-35 ezihamba ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngokushesha. I-wort ingaba ne-perekisnut neviniga izokwakhiwa. Lapho ama-pop ekhuphuka futhi eba engcolile-ahlanzekile, ahlukaniswe futhi ahlungwe kahle. Ungadlulisa amanzi emakhaza ngamanzi abandayo, engeza izithelo, ushukela bese ubeka iwayini letafula. Khona-ke ijusi ithululelwa emabhodleleni ahlanzekile, uma kunesidingo, igcwele isiraphu ishukela, futhi lapho ibhodlela lingaphelele - amanzi. Ibhodlela livaliwe ngamanzi egesi noma i-rubber egxilile, igqoke endaweni efudumele engatholakali ilanga, izingane nezilwane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iwayini lidlala ngaphandle kokufinyelela emoyeni futhi likhanyise endaweni efudumele kuze kube sekupheleni kokuvutshelwa, kungenjalo utshwala luhlanganiswa noviniga. Iwayini lidlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-3.5.
- Ukuvuthwa kuphelela lapho ama-bubble emoyeni ehluleka ukuvela, futhi iglavu igwetshiwe ngokuphelele. Ukuze ucacise, iwayini idluliselwa endaweni epholile (emiphongolweni), ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhotela, ngezinsuku ezingu-30-50. Iwayini elingenakuqhathaniswa libhekwa lilungele, likhishwa ngokucophelela emthonjeni, lihlungiwe, linambitha futhi lithelelwe ezinkalweni ezincane. Shiya ukuvuthwa bese ulinda umzuzwana ojabulisayo wokusetshenziswa.
Ukupheka kwewayini elenziwe ekhaya
Iwayini ekhaya lingenziwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo. Nazi izindlela zokuthandwa kakhulu:
- Iwayini elenziwe ngokwenziwe ngamagilebhisi. Iwayini elibomvu ekhaya lenziwe ngamagilebhisi abomvu, ezimhlophe ezivela ezimhlophe.
Ukupheka kwewayini lamagilebhisi okungaphezu kuka-1000, umehluko phakathi kwabo - okuhlukahlukene, inani leshukela namanzi. Iwayini elimile lenziwe kanje: ilitha elilodwa lejusi - 50-100 g ushukela. Iwayini ledayisi: 1 L of ijusi, 100 g amanzi kanye 100 g ushukela kunezelwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwesibili. - Indlela ukupheka iwayini okuzenzela kusuka amajikijolo? Esigodini, engeza u-100-150 g ushukela ngehora elilodwa lamajikijolo noma i-200-300 g yewayini. Uma i-wort (5kg) ihlanjululwe ngamanzi afudumele (ama-3 amalitha) futhi ingeze i-1.6kg ushukela phakathi nokuvutshelwa kwesibili, khona-ke amawayini amnandi atholakala kuma-raspberries noma ama-strawberries.
- Iwayini elenziwe nge-apula. Ama-apula asezindaweni zasendle nasebusika akhiqiza i-cider enhle kakhulu amalitha angu-10 wejusi, i-200 ml ye-starter kanye no-1.3 kg ushukela ugijima ngaphansi kwesango lamanzi. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4 faka 1 kg ushukela. Emva kokuvutshelwa, isihlungi bese uthela ngamabhodlela. Emva kwezinyanga ezimbili, iwayini ilungile.