Imisindo enhliziyweni yengane - izizathu

Umsindo osebenzayo enhliziyweni yintsana ubhekwa njengento ephawulekayo yokubonakaliswa komzimba wezinhliziyo ezinganeni ezinempilo enhle, kodwa futhi kungabonakala lapho i-myocardium (imisipha yenhliziyo) iphukile, i-hemodynamics ishintsha. Futhi, esinye sezizathu eziningi zokubukeka kwalezo zomsindo enhliziyweni yengane kungaba, isibonelo, i-anemia. Uhlobo olunjalo lomsindo luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "olungenacala", ngoba Ukuba khona kwabo cishe akuthinti impilo kanye nesimo jikelele somntwana. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi "umsindo" enhliziyweni womntwana usho ukuthini, noma ngabe yonke imisindo iyingozi nokuthi kungani ivela.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kokugunula kwe-systolic enhliziyweni yengane?

Njengoba kunikezwe izici zesimo senhliziyo yesakhiwo senhliziyo ezinganeni, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezimbangela zokubonakala kwesifo esinjalo:

• I-Valvular - ukuqhutshwa kwamagagasi we-valve yenhliziyo, i-asymmetry yamagundane we-semilunar, ama-valve esetshenzisiwe engeziwe, i-trigonoidization ye-valve yama-valve semilunar;
• i-chordal - ekhonjiswe ngokubheka (amanga) ama-ventricles yenhliziyo, ushintsho esikhundleni sabo, ukwephula ukuguqulwa kwabo;
• ama-papillary - izinguquko ezikhundleni, ukuma, inombolo yamasipha omzimba, ukuphazamiseka kwezwi labo ngokuchotshozwa nokuphumula komzimba we-muscle;
• i-barrier-parietal - iwindi elivulekile le-ovali (LLC), i-aneurysm ye-septum ye-interrial, i-valve yase-Eustachian, i-deformation efana ne-S yengxenye engenhla ye-septum ye-interventricular, njll.

Zonke izinkinga ezibalulwe emithini yezokwelapha zibizwa ngokuthi iziphutha ezincane zokuthuthukiswa kwenhliziyo (MARS). Zivame ukuhlanganiswa nokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okubelethwe kanye nomunye nomunye, okumele kucatshangelwe uma kuhlolwa isimo somntwana bese kunquma amaqhinga okuziphatha kwakhe. Yizi zinkinga eziholela ekubukeni kwe-systolic ukukhonona enhliziyweni yengane encane.

I-Mitral valve ishayela njengesizathu esivamile sezingoma ze-systolic

Njengoba esetshenziselwe ukuthi kungani ingane ishaywa enhliziyweni, futhi lokho abakushoyo, cabangela imbangela evame kakhulu yokubukeka kwayo, okuyiyona ehamba phambili ye-valve mitral.

Phakathi kwezimbangela ze-valvular ezishiwo ngenhla, okuvame kakhulu kulawa yi-mitral valve prolapse (PMC). Le disorder ibonakala njengokuvuvukala kwe-1 noma kokubili amagagasi ale valve, ekuqondeni kwekamelo lezinhliziyo eliseduze nendawo. Ngokusho kwe-medstatistics, lokhu kuphazamiseka kwenzeka ngo-6-18% wezingane zonyaka wonke, kuhlanganise nezinsana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amantombazane ahlushwa lesi sifo izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kaningi.

Njengomthetho, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PMP eyinhloko kungenxa yokungaphansi kwezinto ezihlangene zomzimba we-valve uqobo, ukutholakala kwezinto ezincane eziphuthumayo kudivayisi ye-valvular.

Ifomu lesibili lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithintekayo zezicubu ezixhunyiwe. Kulesi simo, kukhona ukuqoqwa okuthiwa i-acid mucopolysaccharides ngqo kwi-stroma ye-valve ngokwayo. Njengoba izifo ezinjalo zesimiso senhliziyo, njenge-rheumatism, i-endocarditis yokuphefumula, i-carditis engeyona i-rheumatic, i-prolapse ingavela njengengcindezi.

Vula iwindi le-oval (OOO)

Lolu hlobo lwengxabano lubuye lube imbangela yokububula kwe-systolic enhliziyweni yengane. Eyaziwa ngokuba khona kwesiteshi esincane esifushane phakathi kwe-atrium engakwesokudla nesobunxele, ehlanganiswa i-valve esise-atrium kwesokunxele. Ngokuphulwa okunjalo, ukukhishwa kwegazi kwenzeka kuphela ekuqondeni owodwa - kusuka kwesokudla kuya kwesobunxele.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwalesi siteshi kubangelwa i-valve kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwesibili. Ngenxa yalokho, imbobo yenziwa endaweni yefasitela. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, iwindi le-oval livame ukuvala isikhathi kusuka ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-12 emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu okungafani kahle kokuthuthukiswa kokubeletha kwenqubo ye-cardiovascular does not occur in bonke abantu. Ngokusho kwabalobi abahlukahlukene, iwindi le-oval lihlala livulekile ku-20-40% (ngokwesilinganiso - ku-25-30%) yabantu abaneminyaka yobudala.