Imishanguzo isanda kuba yinkinga yokuphikisana evuthayo nokuphikisana. Abazali batadisha ulwazi olutholakalayo kodwa nokho baqhubeke behlushwa ukungabaza. Ukukhetha kunzima ukukwenza ekukhanyeni kokubili okuphambene. Eyokuqala ingozi yesifo okumele ukugonywe ngalo. Futhi eyesibili - izinkinga ezingenzeka emva kokugoma.
I-Poliomyelitis isifo sohlobo lwama-enterovirus, okuholela ekubhubhiseni kwamangqamuzana amancane, futhi kuthinta ama-neurons emotweni futhi kubangela i-paresis nokukhubazeka. Indlela eyinhloko yokulawula lesi sifo ukuvimbela, okungukuthi ukwethulwa komgomo wokugoma i-polio. Okusho ukuthi imishanguzo yenzelwe ukuvimbela ingane ukuba ingenwe igciwane lesifo sofuba, okuyinto, njengabanye bonke, ingabangela izinkinga.
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezimbili zemishanguzo ziyasetshenziswa ngokumelene nalesi sifo:
- Umgomo wokugoma we-poliomyelitis ophilayo (OPV) - ngamagama alula, amaconsi epholiyo;
- Umuthi wokugoma we-poliomyelitis (i-IPV).
Umuthi wokugoma ongaqediwe awuyingozi kakhulu, kodwa ungaphansi komlomo owodwa, ongahambisani nokuthuthukiswa kokuzivikela komzimba kwindlela yokugaya, indawo lapho igciwane landa ngokuphindaphindiwe khona. Kodwa umuthi wokuphila ophilayo uphinde ube ne-reactogenic futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa ukuthi ukuphendula kokugoma kwesifo sofuba kuvame ukuphakama.
Bawuthola kuphi umgomo wokulwa ne-poliomyelitis?
Umuthi wokugoma omlomo, omsakazo obala noma owenziwe kancane, onomusa omuhle, ungcwatshwe, njengoba igama libonisa, emlonyeni, noma ngokuqondile - kuze kube sempikeni wolimi. Uma umuthi uholele ukuhlanza, zama futhi. Kungakapheli ihora emva kokugoma, ukuphuza nokuphuza akukhuthazwa.
I-OPV iqukethe bukhoma, noma ibuthakathaka, amagciwane, ngakho-ke inezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- ukutholakala kokuzivikela komzimba noma amacala okuxhumana nabantu abaseduze;
- izinkinga ze-neurological emva kokugoma kwangaphambilini kokulwa ne-poliomyelitis.
Imiphumela emibi evela ekugonyeni ngokumelene nepholi uma usebenzisa i-OPV:
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- ukusabela kwendawo okubonakalisa njengesifo sohudo ngemuva kokugoma ngokumelene ne-poliomyelitis.
Umuthi wokugoma awukwenziwe uphathwa ngokungahambisani nomzimba. Lokhu ukugoma ngokumelene nepholio akuqukethe ama-virusi aphilayo, kodwa kunama-contraindications kubantwana aba:
- Ziyakwazi ukubhekana nezifo ezingxenyeni zomuthi wokufaka umuthi (ziboniswe emigodlweni yangaphambilini);
- ziphikisana nama-antimicrobial alandelayo: i-neomycin, i-polymyxin B ne-streptomycin.
Imiphumela yokugoma ngokumelene ne-poliomyelitis:
- Ukusabela kwendawo - ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwesayithi lokujola;
- ubuthakathaka kanye ne-malaise jikelele;
- ukunciphisa ukudla;
- Futhi ukugoma okunjalo kwepholio kubangela ukwanda kokushisa komzimba.
Ukugoma ngokumelene ne-poliomyelitis: isimiso
Ngokuhambisana nekhalenda yesimanje samagciwane, ukugoma ngomlomo kunikezwa ingane ezinyangeni ezingu-3, 4,5 no-6. Ama-revaccinations ayenziwa eneminyaka engu-18 no-20, bese kuthi eminyakeni engu-14.
I-inoculation eyinhloko yemithi yokugoma engasebenziyo yenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili nge-interval of not less than 1, 5 months. Unyaka ngemuva kokugcina inoculation, ukuvuselelwa kokuqala kwenziwa, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu - okwesibili.
Iyini ingozi yokugoma i-polio?
Okuwukuphela komphumela ojulile, kodwa okungajwayelekile okugonywayo kungase kube ukulwa nesifo sofuba esihambisana nokukhubazeka. Kungathuthukisa ngejojo lokuqala lomuthi wokugoma, njalo kaningi - ngokuphindaphindiwe. Iqembu eliyingozi - izingane ezinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza lokuzalwa komzimba, izinkinga ze-digestive system. Esikhathini esizayo, abantu abaye bathola lesi sifo bajozwa kuphela ngomuthi wokugoma ongasebenzi.