- Ikheli: 10 km entshonalanga ye-Arad, Israel;
- Ifoni: +972 8-699-2444;
- Amahora okuvula: kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-16: 00, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-16: 00;
- Izindleko zokungena: umuntu omdala - $ 4, izingane - $ 1.7
Ngokuvamile inani lamasayithi asendulo linqunywa inani lezingqimba zomlando. E- Israel, amapaki amaningi okuvubukula, aqukethe izingcezu ezingu-20, kodwa isithakazelo esikhethekile sabavakashi yidolobha lasendulo laseTel Arad, elinemigqa emibili emlandweni kuphela. Okumangalisa ukuthi akugcini nje kuphela ukubhujiswa kwamatshe, kodwa izingoma ezimbili ezithakazelisayo zokwakha ezimelela imifanekiso ecacile yamaphuzu amabili asendulo: isikhathi samaKhanani nokubusa kweNkosi uSolomoni.
Idolobha eliseningizimu yeTel Arad
Imiphakathi yokuqala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yehlane laseNegev yaqala ukuvela cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-4000 eyedlule BC, kodwa, ngeshwa, azikho izinto zokusebenza zalezo zinsuku ezazisinda. Imikhuba yamaKhanani yasendulo ibhekisela ku-Age Bronze. Wonke umuzi osephansi unendawo engamahektha ayi-10. Indawo yesisekelo sayo ayikhethwanga ngengozi. Nge-Arad yasendulo kunendlela evela eMesopotamiya eya eGibhithe.
Ososayensi namanje bayazibuza ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwalesi sivumelwano kwakuyihlane kanjani. Umuzi wawuzungezwe udonga olukhulu lwamatshe olunemibhoshongo ende ende. Ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala kwakuyizakhiwo zokuhlala, ezinezakhiwo ezifanayo eziwusizo. Phakathi nendlu kwakukhona insika enkulu, eyayikusekela ophahleni oluqondile, igumbi langaphakathi lalilodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo ngayiphi indawo, eceleni kwezindonga zafakwa amabhentshi amakhulu. EKhanani, eTel Arad kwakunezakhiwo zomphakathi, isigodlo esincane kanye nethempeli. Engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yedolobha kwakukhona igumbi lomphakathi, lapho amanzi emvula adonsela khona kuzo zonke izitaladi.
Izinto ezitholakala eMadolobheni Asendulo aphansi, zikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokuphila lapha laliphakeme kakhulu. Abaningi babantu babehlanganyela kwezolimo nokuzalana kwezinkomo, ukuhwebelana okusebenzayo namaGibhithe kwenziwa. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi balahlekelwa ngombono, ongakhuthaza izakhamuzi zithuthukisiwe kahle, zithuthukisiwe kakhulu ukuqoqa izimpahla zabo bese ziphuma endlini ebusuku. Ngemuva kweKhanani Tel-Arad, eyayivela ku-3000 kuya ku-2650 BC, akekho owabhujiswa noma ophangiwe, kwavele kwashiywa, okwakwazi ukugcina izikhumbuzo eziningi zokwakha zaleso sikhathi.
Idolobha eliphezulu laseTel Arad
Amazwe entshonalanga yeNegeve ayengenalutho eminyakeni engaba ngu-1500, kwaze kwaba yilapho amaJuda eqala ukuhlala lapha. Ukuze kwakhiwe idolobha elisha, bakhetha intaba encane, esekelwe edolobheni laseKhanani elilahliwe.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi uSolomoni, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esinamandla, esakhiwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-casemate ethandwa kakhulu (izindonga zenziwa kabili, futhi isikhala esiphakathi kwabo sasigcwele umhlaba noma amatshe, ngaleyo ndlela senza ukuqina nokuqina okuqhubekayo).
Ngaphandle kwezinsalela zenkambiso yasendulo, izingcezu zezindlu, izindawo zokugcina impahla kanye nenqolobane yedolobha eyayiqedwa edwaleni elikhulu yagcinwa.
I-Upper Tel-Arad yiyona kuphela indawo yokuhlala embusweni wangaphambili wamaJuda lapho kwatholakala khona indlu engcwele. Kanye neJerusalema elikhulu, ithempeli le-Tel-Aradic lalikhona ngokucacile eduze kwe-axis "empumalanga-entshonalanga". Okufanayo kwaba ukubekwa kwezindawo eziyinhloko - ngaphambi kokungena kukhona igceke elikhulu ne-altare, khona-ikamelo lokukhulekela ngamabhentshi nakusesekugcineni-i-altare elinamatshe ebhuloho ayekhonza njengomhlatshelo, nezinsika zokushisa impepho nempepho. Kutholakala ngesikhathi sokumba ukuthi ithempeli eTel Arad lalingasetshenziswanga isikhathi eside, lalimbozwe umhlaba emuva kwalezo zikhathi ezikude. Cishe inkosi yaseJudiya yazi ukuthi endaweni ethile ngaphezu kwethempeli laseJerusalema kukhona imihlatshelo yokuhlatshwa futhi yalalelwa ukuba igcwalise indlu engcwele.
Engxenyeni ye-Upper Town, kutholakale izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ezasiza ekuvuseleleni izithombe eziphelele kusukela e-Tel-Arad yasendulo. Phakathi kwabo:
- ama-ostracon nemibhalo ebhalwe ngezilimi ezahlukene (isiGreki, isiHebheru, isi-Aramu, isi-Arabhu);
- uhlu lwamagama amasosha nezakhamuzi;
- izitatimende zokugcina impahla;
- izincwadi nezinqumo zenduna yenqaba;
- uhlu lwezokuvakasha;
- imikhuba yokusabalalisa okusanhlamvu, amafutha, iwayini, isinkwa.
Konke lokhu kufakazela ukuthi idolobha eliphezulu laseTel Arad laliyinqaba yeqhinga elibalulekile, kanye nesikhungo sokuphatha amasosha. Emva kokubhujiswa kweThempeli Lokuqala, lase lisetshenziswe amaPheresiya, ngaleyo maGreki namaRoma. Inqaba yabhujiswa ngaleso sikhathi, yabuyiselwa futhi. Ukugcina okuqhubekayo kuyinkathi yamaSulumane. Emva kwalokho, i-Tel-Arad yayisichitha ngokuphelele, futhi kuphela lapho kuqala ukuthuthukiswa kwezintaba zasemaphandleni ngama-Israyeli phakathi nekhulu lama-20 idolobha lasendulo laphinde lakhulunywa, kodwa kakade ekuhloliseni amagugu omlando wezwe.
Abavakashele lapha bakhangwa hhayi kuphela ngokubonakala kwezinto ezivubukulile ezivulekile. Emadolobheni asendulo amahle amahle. Ikakhulukazi lapha kuhle entwasahlobo, lapho imigwaqo ihlanganiswa nekhabethe elihlaza elihlaza. Futhi kule ngxenye yehlane ukhule izimbali ezimangalisayo - irises ezimnyama.
Ulwazi lwabavakashi
- izindleko zamathikithi wokwamkelwa ngabanye: abadala - $ 5, ingane - $ 2, impesheni - $ 2.5;
- izindleko zamathikithi wokungena eqenjini: omdala - 3,5 $, izingane - 1,5 $;
- Ukungena kwezivakashi eTel Arad kuvuliwe unyaka wonke: kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-16: 00, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-16: 00;
- eduze nepaki kukhona ukupaka, i-cafe encane kanye nekamu.
Ungafika kanjani?
Ungafinyelela e-Tel-Arad National Park ngemoto noma ngebhasi lokuhamba. Ukuthutha komphakathi akuhambanga lapha.
Uma uhamba ngemoto, landela inombolo yomzila 31, ehlanganisa iziphambano zaseLahavim (Highway No. 40) naseZohar (Umgwaqo omkhulu ongunombolo 90). Ukulandela ngokucophelela izimpawu, emgwaqeni u-Arad kuzodingeka uguqulwe emgwaqweni No. 2808, okuzokuyisa epaki.