- Ikheli: ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga yoLwandle Olufile, u-Israyeli;
- Amahora okusebenza: nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-8: 00 kuya ku-17: 00;
- Iwebhusayithi: parks.org.il;
- Ifoni: +972 8-658-4207.
E- Israyeli, izinto eziningi ezikhangayo zihlobene nomlando onzima wamaJuda, ukuhlupheka kwakhe okuphakade, ukuzinikela kwesizwe sakhe kanye nenkolelo engapheliyo esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa kukhona indawo eyodwa yenkolo yangempela, eyaba uphawu olungabonakali lobungqabavu nesibindi esingakaze sibe khona samaJuda. Lena yinqaba yeMasada. Ngokuziqhenya ngokuqhosha kwehlane laseJudiya noLwandle Olufile , okugcina umlando wezikhathi zakudala ungcwele. Unyaka ngamunye izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke ziza lapha zizokhokhisa izikhali ezingenasibindi, ezize zivikele umhlaba wazo kuze kube sekupheleni, futhi zijabulele imibono engavamile evuleka phezulu entabeni.
Ulwazi jikelele kanye namaqiniso athakazelisayo
Yini ephawulekayo mayelana nenqaba:
- indawo yenqaba yaseMassada - ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga yoLwandle Olufile (esifundeni saseSouth);
- idolobha eliseduze yi- Arad (cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-20);
- Kusukela ngo-2001, inqaba yayifakwe ohlwini lweMagugu Lomhlaba we-UNESCO;
- ubukhulu bepulazi elithambile kule nhlangano liyi-550 × 270 m;
- ukuphakama - 450 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle;
- ukuqina kwodonga lwamandla - 4 m;
- igama lenkinga lithathwe egameni elithi "tabled", elisho ngesi-Aramaic lisho "ukuqinisa", "indawo ephephile";
- ngo-2005 enye yembewu yamalanga atholakala ngesikhathi kuvulelwa iMasada (namuhla isihlahla sesivele sinokuphakama okungaba ngu-2.5 m);
- ngasekuqaleni kuka-80-umqondisi waseHollywood wathatha uchungechunge lwezinqaba ze-Massada (iningi lokuqopha lenziwa ngqo entabeni nasezinyaweni zalo);
- ngaphambi kokuba amasosha e-IDF alethwe enqabeni yasendulo ukunikeza isifungo, esaphelela ngomugqa ovela enkondlweni ka-Yitzhak Lamdan - "UMasada ngeke aphinde abuye" (lo mcimbi okwamanje uqhutshwa eLatrun).
Umlando wenqaba
Owokuqala ukukhuphuka intaba ephakeme kusukela ogwini loLwandle Olufile kwakunguHasmoneans. Bakha lapha uhlobo oluthile lwezivikelo ema-30s BC. e. Ngemva kwesikhashana, uHerode Omkhulu wabusa eJudiya, owayeyaziwa ngemibono yakhe. Kwakulokhu kubonakala sengathi lezi zinkambiso zazizungeza, futhi othile wayefuna ukumbulala. Ukuze avikele umndeni wakhe, inkosi yayala ukuba ihlomise intaba phezulu entabeni, futhi yenze ngenkosi. Ekupheleni kokwakhiwa, indawo yokugcina indawo yobukhosi yayifana nendawo yokuhlala. Kwakufana nedolobha elincane. Kwakukhona izindlu eziningana, izindawo zokugcina izinto zokuhlinzeka nezikhali, uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi olugcwele, ukugeza okubandayo nokubandayo, i-amphitheatre, isinagoge nokuningi.
Mayelana nokubaluleka komlando wenqabeni yeMasada yaqala ukukhuluma kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-XIX, lapho umhloli owaziwayo u-E. Robinson ekhonjelwa emanxiwa entabeni eduze kwaseLwandle Olufile izinsalela zeqhawe elidumile elichazwe uJosephus encwadini yakhe edumile ethi "The Jewish War".
Izazi-mlando zakha uhlelo olulinganiselwe lwenqaba, ngemva kokucwaninga kwenziwa okwakhiwa kabusha kwezinto ezithile nasekhulwini lama-20, ekugcineni, inqaba yaseMassada yathatha isikhundla sayo phakathi kweziqhingi zika-Israyeli. Ngo-1971, bakha imoto yekhebula ehlanganisa inyawo naphezulu kwentaba.
Yini ongayibona enqabeni yeMassada?
Impendulo yasendulo emangalisayo kakhulu, eyasinda, yize ifomu ehlukene, iNdlu yaseNyakatho kaHerode Omkhulu . Sawakhela ngamathathu amathathu ngqo edwaleni elincane. Umehluko wokuphakama phakathi kwephansi wawungamamitha angu-30. Ukungena kwendlu kwakunguphezulu. Kwakukhona namakamelo okulala, ihholo lokungena, i-balcony ehamba phambili enomjikelezo, namakamelo amaningana ezinceku.
I-middle tier yayiyisihholo esikhulu sokukhishwa kwamasiko. Izitezi zasemhlabathini zikhonza izivakashi kanye nokuphumula. UHerode wakha ihholo elikhulu ngamakholomu, amabhati kanye namachibi okubhukuda.
Ngaphezu kwesigodlo saseNyakatho, enqabeni yaseMasada kunezinye izakhiwo ezigcinwe kancane. Phakathi kwabo:
- Indlu yasentshonalanga yisakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke entabeni (indawo engaba ngu-4000 km ²), izingcezu zomhlabathi wezithombe zomusa, izinsalela zezakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nehhovisi, izindawo zokugeza ezibukhosini, amakamelo okubambela kanye nama-workshops agcinwa lapha;
- idonga elinamandla elinamamitha angu-1400 ubude elizungeze cishe wonke amapulangwe entabeni (isakhiwo kuphela esingazange sibekwe yiNorth Palace, kodwa sasingadingi isivikelo esengeziwe, ngoba kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuba sisondele kuso ngenxa yendawo yayo eqondile - enqabeni idwala);
- izindawo zokugcina impahla - zihlala enqabeni ye-Massada, kunezinkulungwane ezingu-15 (ngaphakathi kokudla okugcinwe nezikhali);
- Isinagoge ungomunye wabadala kunabo bonke u-Israyeli (owayekholelwa ukuthi amaJuda aqala ukwakha amasinagoge kuphela ngemva kokubhujiswa kwethempeli lesibili, kodwa izindawo eziceliwe zendawo yokuthandaza eMasada ziye zaphikisa lokhu kucabanga).
Futhi, lapho uhamba emanxiweni asezindaweni zasendulo, uzobona izinsalela ze-mikvah yenkambiso , ugibela ukuqoqa amanzi emvula , i- quarry , i- dovecote nezinye izakhiwo zasendlini, ungenza izithombe ezimangalisayo ze-panoramic ngokumelene nendawo enqabeni ye-Massada, iDediterranean yaseJudiya noLwandle Olufile.
Ulwazi lwabavakashi
- ukukhuphuka kungase kube "inyoka" noma, ngokusebenzisa i-funicular (itholakala ohlangothini lwasempumalanga);
- Ukuhamba kuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-45-60;
- izindleko zohambo ngalunye entabeni: ngokuphakamisa okuzimele, ithikithi elidala libiza u-$ 6, ingane ibiza u-$ 3.5, insizakalo yomhlahlandlela + izindleko zomuntu omdala we-funicular $ 17, ezinganeni ze-$ 9.5;
- izindleko zokuhamba kweqembu entabeni: ngokuphakamisa okuzimele, ithikithi elidala libiza u-$ 5.5, i-$ 3 yezingane, izinsizakalo zomhlahlandlela + ze-funicular kubantu abadala zibiza i-$ 16, izingane ezingu-$ 9;
- izindleko zendiza jikelele kulo lonke i-Masada National Park (ngaphandle kokungcebeleka) - kubantu abadala 12.5, izingane - 6;
- uvakashele inqaba yaseMisaada nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka: kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi, umnyango uvulekile kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-16: 00, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-17: 00;
- I-funicular igijima nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kweLwesihlanu, kuze ku-16: 00 (ebusika kuze kube ngu-15: 00);
- ngasekupheleni kwentaba kukhona isikhungo solwazi, i-cafe, i-museum;
- Ungakwazi ukubhuka igumbi ehhotela elincane (ngasempumalanga);
- ngamaholidi nakwesiLwesihlanu, amadeski ekheshi avaliwe ihora elilodwa ngaphambili;
- kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba ngoLwesibili nangoLwesine eMasada National Park, kuboniswa ukukhanya okubonakalayo kanye nokubonisa umsindo, lapho izenzakalo zivuselelwa khona, zizinikele ekuvinjisweni okuqakathekile kunqaba (ungasondela endaweni kuphela evela e-Arad, ithikithi elidala libiza ama-dollar ayi-11,5 , izingane - $ 9.5).
Ungafika kanjani?
Inqaba yeMisaada ingafinyelelwa ezinhlangothini ezimbili: kusukela e- Arad (eduze komgwaqo uNombolo 3199) nasehlangothini lwasempumalanga eceleni komgwaqo oholela ekuphumeni okuvela kwi-Highway 90. Nomaphi lapho kukhona khona izimpawu, futhi ngaphansi kwentaba kunemikhumbi enkulu yokupaka, ngakho-ke uma uhamba umshini, ngeke kube nezinkinga.
Ungathola ukhetho olungcono - ngokuthutha umphakathi kusuka eJerusalema , Eilat , Neve Zohar, Ein Gedi. Ekuphumeni kwe-Highway 90 kunezimoto zokuhamba (amabhasi No. 384, 421, 444 no-486). Kodwa khumbula ukuthi kuze kufike eNtabeni iMasada kuyodingeka uhambe ngaphezu kuka 2 km.