I-Diuretics iqoqo lezidakamizwa zesakhiwo samakhemikhali ahlukene, isenzo saso sibhekiswe ekuthuthukiseni i-diuresis - ukwakheka nokuphuma komchamo. Ukwamukelwa kwabo kusiza ukunciphisa uketshezi kwezicubu kanye namagundane we-serous omzimba. Eqenjini lalezi zidakamizwa ze-loop diuretics zihlukanisiwe, ezinomthelela onamandla kakhulu.
Indlela yokwenziwa kwe-loop diuretics
Lezi zidakamizwa zithinta i-Gengle loop, engxenyeni ye-tubal ye-renal ngesimo se-loop, eqondiswa enkabeni yezinso. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Gengle loop ukubuyiswa kabusha kwamanzi nezixazululo. Indlela yokwenza izidakamizwa ze-loop diuretic isekelwe kwimiphumela eminingana eyinhloko:
- ukuphumuzwa kwemisipha ebushelelezi yemithambo yegazi;
- ukukhuphuka kwegazi lokunciphisa igazi;
- ukuqinisa ukuhlunga kwe-glomerular;
- ukwehla ekuvuseleleni kabusha okusebenzayo kwe-sodium, i-chlorine kanye ne-i-potassium ions;
- ukuvimbela ukuvuselelwa okusebenzayo kwe-magnesium.
Ngaphandle kwempahla yesisu, lezi zidakamizwa zithinta imingcele ethile ye-hemodynamic, ikakhulukazi uma ilawulwa ngaphakathi, futhi iyanciphise umthamo we-extracellular fluid futhi ithinte imisebenzi yokuphefumula.
Isenzo sezidakamizwa ze-loop diuretic siphuthuma ngokushesha (emva kwemizuzu engu-20 kuya ku-60) futhi singadlula amahora angu-4 kuya ku-6. Ukusetshenziswa kwala mathuluzi kulungile kuphela ezimweni ezibucayi. banemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngokukhethekile, zisetshenziselwa:
- Inkinga enkulu ;
- i-edema yamapulmari;
- i-edema yobuchopho;
- ukwehluleka kwezintuthwane ezingapheli;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- i-hypercalcemia .
Uhlu lwe-loop diuretics
Kuloluhlu lwe-loop diuretics kukhona amalungiselelo asekelwe kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- i-furosemide;
- turosemide;
- i-bumetanide;
- i-ethacrynic acid;
- piretanide.