I-WHO inikeze incazelo eningiliziwe ye-HPV kubesifazane - ukuthi iyini, yiziphi izimpawu nezimbangela ezivusa inkinga. Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangaphezu kwezingu-60 emhlabeni abasenwe igciwane. Abanye bangase babe ngabathwali, kanti kwabanye, ukutheleleka kubonakala ngesimo sezinhlelo ezincane.
Iyini i-HPV?
Izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezivame phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka ehlukene, kuthiwa i-papillomavirus yomuntu. Echaza ukuthi i-HPV yabesifazane, kufanelekile ukukhomba ukuthi leli yigama elijwayelekile lenani elikhulu lamagciwane angakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamathologi amaningi emzimbeni. Sekuyisikhathi eside odokotela besebenza ekuthuthukiseni umuthi wokugoma ongawunqoba igciwane, kodwa kuze kube manje awukwenzanga ukwenza kanjalo. Ososayensi bathole izindlela zokuxilongwa ukuze banqume igciwane emzimbeni futhi baze badale umgomo wokuzivikela ekutheleleni.
Izinhlobo ze-HPV kubesifazane
Kukhona inqwaba yezinhlobo zegciwane futhi kukhona abangaphezu kuka-70. Ukuqonda i-HPV kubesifazane - ukuthi kuyini, kufanelekile ukukhomba lesi sigaba esilandelayo:
- I-HPV, lapho kubonakala khona izinhlobo ezahlukene zempi .
- I-HPV uhlobo lwama-16 kubantu besifazane lithinta izitho zangasese kanye nomzila wokuphefumula. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nezinye izinhlobo: 6,11, 13, 18, 31, 33 no-35.
- Ama-Virus, aboniswe ngendlela ye-rashes, futhi ahlotshaniswa nesimo se-precancerous.
Yini eyingozi ku-HPV?
Empeleni, esincane futhi ephephile ekuqaleni, i-papilloma ingozi enkulu. Ukukhula okusha okubangelwa umsebenzi wegciwane kuyisisu esinamandla. Igciwane lesifo samapilloma kubantu besifazane liyingozi ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo zingakwazi ukuguqulwa zibe yi-neoplasm eyingozi. Ukushintsha okunjalo kungashukunyiswa ukulimala ngokomzimba nezinqubo zokuvuvukala.
I-Papillomavirus yabesifazane - izimbangela
Ezigaba zokuqala zentuthuko lesi sifo singaba ngesimo esifushane, sihlala ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3. I-papillomavirus yabantu ingabangelwa yizici ezinjalo:
- ukuvimbela ukuzivikela kanye nezimo ezicindezela njalo;
- ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi;
- impilo yokuqala yocansi kanye nokuxhumeka okungaqondakali ngaphandle kokuvikelwa;
- ukutholakala kwezifo zocansi ;
- ukukhulelwa;
- i-influenza ehlala njalo nezifo zamathunjini.
I-papillomavirus yomuntu isakazwa kanjani?
Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa ngokuxhumana nabantu abathintekayo noma izilwane lapho kukhona khona izimpawu zomtholampilo noma ezingekho. Ukuthola ukuthi i-papillomavirus iyadluliselwa kanjani, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ngokuvamile ingena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ama-micro-traumas ahlukahlukene esikhumba noma ngesikhathi sokuphuza.
- Ngokwezibalo, ukutheleleka kuvame ukuvela ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, lapho umoya umanzi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, emachibini okubhukuda nasebhasheni.
- Ukuchaza ukuthi yikuphi - i-HPV yabesifazane, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngokuxhumana kocansi nomthwali, futhi lokhu kusebenza oxhumana nabo bendabuko nabomlomo. Okunye ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
I-papillomavirus yabantu kubesifazane - izimpawu
Ukuhlolwa okuningi kuye kwembula ukuthi kubantu abaningi, i-HPV ayikhombisi izimpawu futhi ingatholakala ngokuhlaziywa okukhethekile. Igciwane lomuntu we-papilloma, izimpawu zazo ezikhonjiswe kuphela kwinani elincane labantu futhi ngesikhathi esifushane, kuhambisane nokubukeka kwama-warts womzimba. Unesayizi encane, umbala omnyama noma oqinile kanye nesimo esincane se-bumpy. Ngokuvamile zakhiwa eduze nezitho zangasese. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi cishe ama-20% amacala azinyanyela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
I-HPV - Ukuxilongwa
Ama-Warts nama-warts atholakala kalula uma ebukwa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-HPV nokunquma uhlobo lwayo, indlela ye-PCR kanye "nokuthunjwa kwe-hybrid" isetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa. Uma kukhona i-papillomavirus yomuntu yabesifazane, ku-gynecology yezinkinga ezisobala, kwenziwa izifundo ezengeziwe:
- I-colposcopy ihilela ukutadisha umlomo wesibeletho ukucacisa izinguquko zokugula. Izivivinyo eziningi zokuhlola ziyenziwa phakathi nalesi sifundo.
- I-biopsy yezindawo ezithintekile kusiza ukucacisa ukuba khona kwezicubu ezimbi.
- Ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi - i-HPV yabesifazane, nokuthi ungayithola kanjani inkinga enjalo, kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngesifundo se-cytological esenziwa kubo bonke abesifazane, ngisho nangabe kungabikho ushintsho olubonakalayo emgodini wesibeletho.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-HPV - njengokuthathwe kwabesifazane?
Udokotela wenza izinyathelo eziningana zokuxilonga, okubandakanyeka ukuhlolwa kokubeletha ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona ama-warts nama-warts omzimba. Ukuhlaziywa kwegciwane lesifo se-papilloma kubandakanya i-smear ye-cytological, lapho kutholakala khona izidumbu zomlomo wesibeletho, ezithathwe ku-mucosa nomsele womlomo wesibeletho. Ngenxa yalendlela, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza ngesikhathi sokuqala. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kukhona yini i-papillomavirus yabesifazane, odokotela basebenzisa i-colposcopy, i-biopsy kanye ne-polymerase chain reaction eyenza ukuthi kunqunywe i-DNA yegciwane.
I-papillomavirus yabantu besifazane - ukwelashwa
Ukufeza imiphumela emihle, kuqhutshwa isifundo esibanzi. Udokotela ubeka izidakamizwa ezifanele futhi wenza ukususwa kwamapillomomas atholakalayo. Ukuthola indlela yokwelapha i-papillomavirus, udinga ukuthi ucacise ukuthi basebenzisa i-nitrogen ye-liquid kanye nelaser ngalokhu. I-Cauterization nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ekhethekile iyasebenza. Ngezici ezibalulekile, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa.
Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokususa kwenziwa, emva kokuhlola nokubalwa kwenani lezikhukhula, indawo kanye nobukhulu bokubekwa kwabo. Uma i-papillomavirus yomuntu itholakele, ukwelashwa kokukhula kuqhutshwa ngokusebenza nge-anesthesia, isibonelo, uma izilonda eziningi zitholakala ebusini. Uma indawo ethintekile iyingcosana, i-cauterization nokuchayeka kwelase lasetshenziswa. Kunezimo lapho emva kokususwa kwe-papilloma kuvela futhi, khona-ke ukuxhaswa kwe-moxibustion kwenziwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-HPV kwabesifazane - izidakamizwa
Ukuqeda ngokuphelele leso sifo kwabesifazane cishe akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyabiza. Kubalulekile ukuqedela inkambo enqunywe udokotela, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube khona ukufeza imiphumela emihle. Uma unesithakazelo sokuphatha i-HPV kubesifazane, kufanele ubonise amaqembu ajwayelekile wemithi:
- Imithi ye-anti-virus ihlose ukubhubhisa isakhiwo se-HPV nokuphazamisa ukusakazeka kwe-HPV. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezidakamizwa, futhi ukukhetha kuncike esimweni sesifo nendawo lapho kuvela khona ama- condyloma . Ezamakhemikhali kukhona ama-agent antiviral ngendlela yamafutha, ama-creams, izixazululo ezingenakulungiswa, amaphilisi nokunye okuqhubekayo (Groprinosine, Acyclovir). Izifo kanye namaphilisi kubhekwa njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-HPV kwabesifazane kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zendawo. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-formations asusiwe, kubalulekile ukuphatha izindawo ezithintekile ngama-gels akhethekile (i-Epigen-gel).
- Uma i-papillomavirus itholakele, ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi i-suppository engafaki ukuvuvukala endaweni yangasese. Baqinisa nokuzivikela futhi bavimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo (Panavir, Galavit). Izinga lansuku zonke - amakhandlela angu-1-2, inani eliqondile likhomba udokotela, unikezwe isilinganiso. Inkambo yesicelo yizinsuku ezingu-10, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zinganwetshwa ezinsukwini ezingu-14.
- Imithi ephoqelelwe ye-papillomavirus - immunomodulator. Imithi enjalo iyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzivikela komzimba futhi ibeke odokotela kuphela (Cordyceps, Derinat).
Ukugoma ngokumelene ne-papillomavirus yabantu
Imithi ikhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili zemigomo evikela ukuvikela i-HPV 16 no-18 (iCervarix, Gardasil). Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi igciwane le-HPV kulaba besifazane lala ma-genotypes yisici esivusa umdlavuza. Amagciwane anesivikelo esiwela kwezinye i-genotypes ze-HPV. Umgomo uhlinzekwa amantombazane ngaphambi kokuba ahlanganyele ebuhlotsheni bobulili. Ngokusho kwezincomo ze-WHO, ukugoma kungcono kakhulu lapho kwenziwa iminyaka engu-9-13. Ukuze zizivikele ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza wesibeletho, isetshenziselwa amantombazane ahlala ngokocansi. Kusetshenziswe izijovo ezintathu, ezenziwa ngezikhathi ezinyangeni ezingu-1, 2 no-6.