Ummeli womndeni wakwaGesnerian kanye nomdabu emazweni afudumele, i-epicion inezinzuzo zonke zezimbali zasendlini ngesikhathi esifanayo: lula ekunakekeleni kanye nokukwazi ukugcina ukuhluma kokuhlaza okwenziwa unyaka wonke, kodwa nokho izimbali eziqhakazile ezimangalisayo.
Isiqephu - incazelo
Lesi sitshalo sasivela emaphethelweni aseBrazil, eColombia naseGuinea. Kulezi zindawo, le nhlobonhlobo ayiyona imbali yasendlini, isakazeka emhlabeni ngokusho kwezinhlobo zemifino, ikhetha izindawo ezimnyama ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Amaqabunga awo ayaqaphela: anjengokungathi ahlanganiswe phansi, umbala wabo ucebile obomvu obomvana kuya obuluhlaza. Izimbali zifana nama-gramophones amancane, ngokumelene nesizinda samahlamvu abukeka ngokumangalisayo. Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, lesi sitshalo sigcwele izimbali eziphuzi, ze-orange, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu, kunezinhlobo ezinezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezimhlophe.
Ekhaya, abalimi bezimbali banakekelwa yi-epicure ye-flowering yayo ende nokukhula okusheshayo kobumnyama obuhlaza. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kufike ekwindla ngasekupheleni kwefasiteleni kuyoba khona ukuqhuma kwemibala. Ebhodini, izithombo ziqala ukukhula, kodwa emva kwesikhathi zihamba kancane ziphenduke zibe isiko lama-ampel. Njengoba ukukhula nokwakheka kwamahlumela okulenga kunika i-lateral, eyenza isihlahla sihle futhi sihle.
Isiqephu - Izinhlobo
Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zafika kithi zivela ezweni lakithi. Zonke zinezici zobuntu, ngamunye unamandla akhe:
- I-clavicle ye-Epiphytic ibizwa ngokuthi i-alsobia. Lezi zinhlobo zafika kithi ezivela eMexico, ungafunda kusuka emashiyhini amancane nokuguquka komthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusuka ekukhanyeni kuya ekumnyama. Ihluma lezi zinhlobo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe, ngaphakathi zimbozwe amachashazi aphuzi. Lezi zinhlobo zanikeza izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa.
- Umthandi womthunzi uhlobo oluthile lokubomvu. Uvela eColombia naseBrazil. Lesi sitshalo sikhulu kakhulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili, amapheshana afana nezinhliziyo. Izimbali ezinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu ezihlukene, ephepheni elibomvu eliphakathi nendawo kukhona umhluzi ohlaza.
- Ukusuka eSuriname naseGuinea, sinohlobo lwe-epizooty olunyukayo. Kuhle kakhulu ukukhulisa ukukhula kunezinye.
Isiqephu - ukunakekela ekhaya
Njengazo zonke abantu abavela emazweni ashisayo, ukubhujiswa kwembali kufaka umswakama kanye ne-thermophilic, kodwa kulula ukuzinakekela. Lesi yisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokuhlobisa izitrari noma ukukhulela ezindaweni zokugcina zokugcina zokuhlobisa. Ngisho nokuqala abalimi bembali baphumelela uma befunda ukugcina izincomo eziyinhloko ngesikhathi. Ukuhlakanipha okuyinhloko kokukhula kungukugcina kokunisela nokumanzi.
I-flower yemithetho ye-episode-watering
Ukunisela okufanelekile kuyincenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa. Ngesiqephu, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kunciphise ukugcina isimo somhlabathi:
- lapho zonke izimbali, zonke izinsuku ezintathu imifino idinga isabelo esisha somswakama, phakathi kokuchelela akunakwenzeka ukuvumela inhlabathi yome ngokuphelele;
- ngenkathi kuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi i-tray ayigcwaliswa ngamanzi amaningi, ngoba lena yindlela eqondile yezimpande ezibola;
- njalo ugcwalise amanzi okufudumala nesithambile, amanzi okupompi angenakuvunyelwa;
- lapho sekufika isikhathi sokushisa, lesi sitshalo asidingi amanzi amaningi kangaka, kodwa asiwudlulisi owomile, ngakho-ke silindele ukomiswa kwesendlalelo esingenhla nangosuku olulandelayo sisilungisa;
- noma kunini lapho amanzi ewela kuphela emhlabathini, kudingeka izimpande futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zilimaze amaqabunga e-fluffy wesitshalo.
I-Primer yokuphefumula
Isihlahla ngokuvamile sikhipha amadevu angaphansi komhlaba, okuyinto enquma ikhwalithi yenhlabathi - kufanele ibe yinto elula kakhulu, uma ingenayo i-fluffy. Iqiniso liwukuthi zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zidinga umoya ngezimpande, ngenxa yalokho, lezi zidingo ezilandelayo zivele enhlabathini:
- I-primer kufanele ibe nezithasiselo ukuqinisekisa ubuhle bayo. Ukufinyelela kwe-oksijeni kuya ezimpandeni kuyisici esinqumayo ekuhloleni kanye nekhwalithi yobuningi obunzima: umoya omningi ohlelweni lwempande, iningi leyengxenye engenhla.
- Amanzi aqhubekayo akuyona nje imbangela yokubola kwezimpande, kodwa futhi isithintelo ekuhambeni kwe-oxygen. Inhlabathi enamandla ngenkathi yokuchelela ibambezela amanzi phakathi kwezinhlayiyana, ngenxa yalokho, imbali ivele igubha.
- Ezitolo zithengisa okuthiwa inhlabathi elula, umhlabathi wama violets uzosondela nakakhulu. Ngcono nakakhulu, uma ufaka ukhuni oluqinile ezweni elungile, lo mhlobiso uzokubonga.
I-Flowerpot
Uhlelo lwempande ludinga ibhodlela elifanele lezinga elilinganayo nokuchelela okufanele. I-epicia yokuhlwanyela izindlu zizwa kahle endaweni yezimbali ezingenalutho futhi ebanzi, lapho izimpande zingahambi khona kakhulu. Leli fomu le-flowerpot livame ukubizwa ngokuthi isitsha noma isitsha. Njengoba ukukhula kukhula, i-vase idluliselwa emasimini okwesikhashana ukuze amahlumela angeneke ngokukhululekile. Akukubi ukunikeza imbali yesikhala, ukuze ingagxili kwezinye izimbiza: akuyona inkinga yokufaka izimpande ebhodweni elingumakhelwane.
Ukuguqulwa kwesigaba
Ukuguquka kwendawo yesitshalo kuhlale kuphazamisa, ngisho nalapho ukufakelwa kudingekile khona. Kodwa-ke, ibhodlela elisha kanye nokulungiswa komhlabathi embuzweni wokunakekelwa kwe-epic akuyona indawo yokugcina. Le nqubo inezici zayo nezincomo zayo:
- Ukuze isitshalo esidala, isidingo se-flowerpot entsha sibonakala njalo eminyakeni emibili, izilwane ezincane zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka. Isikhathi esihle salokhu kusentwasahlobo.
- Zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke, i-vase ngayinye entsha kufanele ibe ngu-4 cm ububanzi kunalowo owedlule, khona-ke uhlelo lwempande luyoba nesikhala esanele. Siyakhumbula ukwakheka okulungile kwenhlabathi, amanzi emigqomo . Iphuzu elibalulekile: izinhlangothi zommbizi akufanele ziphakame kakhulu, ngoba udinga ukufaka i-ampel. Ibhodlela ngokwayo lihlanzwa nge-sese namanzi namanzi abilisiwe.
- Isiqingatha sehora siyaphuza noma sithinte ibhodlela ukuze kube lula inqubo yokukhipha imbali. Izimpande zikhululiwe ezweni elidala.
- Kunoma yisiphi isitshalo, kufanelekile ukuhlanza uhlelo lwempande ezindaweni ezibolile ngommese futhi uhlinzeke amalahle aqoshiwe. Inkinga ukuthi izimpande ezincane zibuthakathaka kakhulu, kuzomele zibe nenembile kakhulu.
- Khona-ke ungabeka lesi sitshalo emanzini asetshiwe, ngaphambi kokufafaza umhlaba. Wanisela emva kokutshala imbali ngobuningi, ukuze amanzi athulule emgodini wamanzi. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amanzi asheshwa emanzini.
- Sithumela ibhodlela ku-penumbra yokubuyiselwa kwamandla esitshalo. Ku-penumbra kuzobamba cishe isonto.
Kungani izimbali zingaqhakazi?
Noma yisiphi isitshalo sezinyosi, isikhathi sokubhakabhaka singumsebenzi onzima, ngoba akulula kakhulu ukwakha ihlumela futhi ukuyivula ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele engxenyeni yezimbali. Ukuze uthole imbali ye-epicure, ukunakekelwa okunjalo kusezingeni elihle. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuyoholela ekungabikho kwemifino. Qinisekisa ukucabangela kwezitshalo ezindala zezintambo namashidi amancane. Ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kokondla ngokwengeziwe isitshalo akufuni ukuphonsela amahlumela. Isikhathi semifino kufanele senziwe ngamanyolo amaminerali njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Isiqephu - ukukhiqiza
Zonke izinhlobo zingadliwa ngokugcwele ngezindlela ezintathu zokufunda: imbewu, izicuttings kanye nokuhlukaniswa kweqabunga. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kwesiqephu ekhaya osikhethayo, kubalulekile ukwenza konke ngokukhathalela okukhulu futhi kuphela ngamathuluzi ahlanzekile. Lokhu kuzovikela izitshalo ezintsha ezifweni nasezinambuzane. Kungcono ukukhetha isikhathi senhlobo, lapho ukunyakaza okusebenzayo kwezinto kuqala emahlumela.
Imbewu yesiqephu
Indlela yembewu ibhekisela kokuncane okulula, futhi ayiqinisekisi ukulondolozwa kwazo zonke izici ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, abalimi bembali abanolwazi bathi uma uthengela kubaphakeli abathembekile, uzothola umphumela oyifunayo. Yini okudingeka siyazi mayelana nokulima imbewu, futhi sinakekele ukutshala:
- hlanganisa izibuko ezintathu zelizwe lamaqabunga ngesikhala somhlabathi esihlanzekile somfula bese uthele emabhokisini;
- ukufika kuyingqayizivele futhi kunciphisa ukusabalalisa imbewu emhlabathini, ukugcoba ngokuphalaza amanzi, ukumboza ngefilimu ebonakalayo;
- esikhathini esizayo, ukutshala amanzi kusuka epululini noma ukuthululela amanzi epallet, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina inhlabathi enomsindo emva kokuhluma;
- ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umswakama we-100% ngaphansi kwefilimu, i-aerate yansuku zonke, futhi ugcine ukushisa kwamakamelo okungaba ngu-25 ° C.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-25-40, ngaphansi kwezimo ezenziwe, amahlumela azovela. Izithombo kumele zihanjiswe emavikini ayisishiyagalombili okuqala emva kwezinsuku ezingu-14. Uma befinyelela eneminyaka engama-12, kumele ususe ama-cotyledons bese uwahlwanyela kancane. Geza ngehafu yengcindezi izinsuku eziyisikhombisa emva kokufakelwa. Kodwa ngisho nemizamo enjalo ye-titanic ngeke iqinisekise ukuthi uzothola umbala ofanayo weqabunga noma imbali.
I-episza - ukukhiqiza amaqabunga
Izimo zaseHhousehouse - isiqinisekiso sokuqothulwa okuphumelelayo kwesitshalo esinikeziwe. Uma unquma iqabunga elivela esihlahleni, ulibeke endaweni encane enomsoco omanzi futhi umboze ngembiza, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyothatha izimpande. Into esemqoka ukugcina izinga lokushisa ngo-25 ° C, ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-epicure kuyokwenzeka kuphela ngomoya ofudumele ekamelweni. Esikhundleni sephepha elilodwa, ungathatha yonke indawo futhi usebenzise izindlela ezifanayo ukuze uziqede, uthathe imbiza yamanzi esikhundleni somhlabathi.
Isiqephu - ukukhiqizwa nge-cuttings
Okungcono, uma isitshalo i-rosette, kuyokwazi ukuyibeka emhlabathini olungiselelwe kahle: okokuqala siwuthululela i-claydite esitsheni, bese sibeka ungqimba lwesanti elihle, futhi ngaphezu kwenhlanganisela yezwe leqabunga kanye ne-moss. Ezimweni ezinjalo i-stem izothatha izimpande ngokushesha. Kodwa ngempela inketho elula, indlela yokukhulisa i-epic, ivele ilahle i-rosette ngaphandle kokuyichitha ehlathini lomama.