Into ehlakaniphile kunazo zonke iso kuyi-retina. Inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esivumela ukuba sibone amagagasi alula. Yilesi sigaba sombono wombono ohlanganisa uhlelo lwe-optical kanye nezingxenye ezihambisanayo zobuchopho. I-detectment ye-retina ibhekwa njengenkinga enkulu futhi izimpawu zayo zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwelapha okuhlinzeka. Ekuboniseni kokuqala kubalulekile ukuphendukela kubachwepheshe.
Izinhlobo zokwehla
Lesi sifo siqala ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwendwangu ebomvu kusukela kumasculazi. Uma kwenzeka isimo esifanayo, udinga ukuya esikhungweni sezokwelapha, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaholela ebubungwini.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinqola zokutakula, ngasinye esinqunywe yizimbangela zesifo se-iso:
- Regmatogenic. Inqola eyisisekelo, ngenxa yalokho ngokuphulukana kwe-retina ifinyelela ketshezi kusuka ku-lens. Isizathu esiyinhloko sinciphisa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi: ama-trellised, ama-racemose nabanye abaningi. Kungaba khona ngenxa yokunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngisho ngokwayo.
- I-Tractional. Le ngqamuzana ivela ngenxa yezinkinga zokubuyisela ngenxa yelensi, ngoba ukufakwa okusha kuvele kuyo. Zingenzeka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene, isibonelo, i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
- Okudabukisayo. Ukugula kungenziwa ngenxa yokulimala komshini emehlweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nsizakalo ibonakala, kokubili kanye neminyaka eminingana.
- Secondary. Kubonakala njengesizatfu se-pathologies ehambisana netimbono tembono: tifo letinyenti tekuvotela, kushaya emangcwabeni , ku-thrombosis nekunye.
- I-Exudative. I-retina ihlala ingaguquki, kuyilapho uketshezi luhlanganisa ngaphansi kwalo.
Izimpawu nezibonakaliso zamasosha wokutakula
Esinye sezibonakaliso eziyinhloko zensimbi kubhekwa njengama-photopsy, ngenxa yalokho umuntu kubonakala sengathi unombono nemibono emkhakheni wombono. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-retina idala izimpendulo hhayi kuphela lapho ukukhanya kuhlasela, kodwa futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, "izintambo" ezinamanzi, "amaphuzu" nezinye izithombe ezincane zingase zivele phambi kwamehlo akho. Lesi simo asibhekwa njengabantu ngabanye futhi asihlobene ngqo nalesi sifo. Kuvamile futhi akudingi ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Ngokuvamile, lesi sibonakaliso sibonisa ukubhujiswa kwe-lens.
Ngaphansi kaningi abantu bangabheka okuthiwa amasondo Weiss - imibuthano ephikisiwe. Lokhu kubonisa inqola ye-membrane yangemva kwesayithi endaweni yokunamathiselwe. Lesi simo asidingi isidingo sokuhlala esibhedlela ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu ezifanayo zingase zibe yizibonakaliso zokuqala zokuthungatha okubangelwa ukubola kwesisu kwi-element ye-vitreous.
Ukuthola ukuhlonza
Ukuze isiguli siqiniseke ngokugcwele ekuxilongweni "kweminye imishini yokubuyisela emuva," kumele ahlole ngokuqondile izingxenye zombono. Imitholampilo yanamuhla ikuvumela ukuba uhlolisise lesi sifo ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlola isiguli ngemishini yekhompyutha. Yilokho okwenza kube lula ukudala isithombe esiphelele sesimo somuntu.
Ukutadisha isiguli, obenezibonakaliso zokuqala zokuthungatha, kuqukethe:
- ukuhlolwa kwezinkambu ezibukwayo - lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni isimo sangempela salesi sici kweso nasesiphambeni;
- inqubo ye-electrophysiological ekhomba ukuthi ikhono lokubuyisela ukuphela kwezinzwa ze-optic nererve ngokwayo;
- ukuskena kwe-ultrasound, okuvumela ukuthola isakhiwo sangaphakathi sehlo;
- ukuhlolwa kwe- fundus .
Ukwelashwa okusheshayo okusheshayo kuzokwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuthola impumelelo.