Cishe amaphesenti angu-2-3% emhlabeni wonke adinga usizo lwe-orthopedic ezinyangeni ezingu-12 zokuqala zokuphila. Ezinye izingane zihlolisisa ukungaphansi kwezingxube ze-hip, ezingabangela ukuphazanyiswa kwemilenze. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okulungile, lesi sifo senza imiphumela engaphenduki.
I-Dysplasia yezingxube ze-hip ezinganeni - izimbangela
Ukuthola kahle, kungani kukhona ukuhlolwa kwengqondo, kwakungenakwenzeka okwamanje. Ngokwezintambo eziningi ezingenakulinganiswa, i-dysplasia ehlangene ezinganeni inezizathu ezilandelayo:
- isethulo sangaphakathi lomntwana ;
- ukungalingani kwe-hormonal ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- intambo ye-uterine nge-cord umbilical;
- ukufeza;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kokuzalwa noma kokubeletha;
- ukuguqulwa kokuqala;
- umndeni ohlala endaweni enokuphila okungavumelekile;
- i- swaddling eqinile ("isosha").
I-dysplasia ye-joint hip ibonakala kanjani enganeni?
Kukhona izimpawu ezingabonwa ngokubukeka, ukubuka ngokucophelela ingane, kodwa ukuzithokozisa akuyona into enembile kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-dysplasia yamajoyini e-hip enganeni inokwethenjelwa - xhumana nodokotela ohlinzayo wamazinyo uma kukhona ukusola kwesifo. Umtholampilo we-pathology echazwe ngokuxhomeke ebubini bawo kanye nobudala bezinhlanzi.
I-Hip dysplasia ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala
Ukuthola inkinga ezinyangeni ezingu-12 zokuqala zokuphila kunzima, ngoba umntwana akasaqhubeki okwamanje futhi akahambanga. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-hip dysplasia ezinganeni zingaba kanje:
- unyawo olulodwa olufushane kunomunye;
- Amapulangwe angama-glutal and inguinal asymmetric;
- Isikhundla esimisiwe se-trunk;
- ukuvama njalo kwesandla esandleni sekham;
- ukugcina ikhanda ngakolunye uhlangothi;
- isithende asikho emgqeni ofanayo nofana i-shin (unyawo oluhamba ngezinyawo);
- Ngesikhathi sokujika noma ukukhuliswa kwesilungu, ukuchofoza kuzwakala.
Ezinsaneni ezinempilo, izakhiwo ze-bone-cartilaginous zikwazi ukuguquguquka kakhulu. Uma ubeka ingane yakho emuva futhi usakaze imilenze yakho egobile, ungathinta amadolo akho phezulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umzamo. I-Dysplasia yezingxube ze-hip ezinganeni zivimbela lokhu. Ukuphakama kokuhamba komunye noma kokubili kokuphela kunciphise kakhulu, futhi ukuguquguquka kunciphise.
Hip dysplasia ezinganeni emva konyaka
Ukuthola lesi sifo kumntwana okhulayo kulula, ngoba izimpawu zenkinga zibonakala zibala nakakhulu ekuhloleni ekhaya. I-Hip dysplasia ezinganeni - izimpawu:
- ukuhamba "emasokeni" ;
- i-clubfoot;
- ukudonsa iminwe emilenzeni ngaphakathi noma ukunyakaza kwayo phezulu;
- i-stoop;
- ukuvuthwa komgogodla ;
- i-swinging gait ("ideshibhodi");
- Ingxenye eyodwa ibonakala ifushane.
Amazinga we-hip dysplasia ezinganeni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sakhiwo se-bone-cartilaginous kuhlukaniswa ngokweqile kumaqembu amathathu:
- Kulula (pre-exertion). Inhloko ye-femur ayizinzile, ihamba ngokukhululekile, imigqa nemisipha ezungezile zibuthakathaka. I-dysplasia enjalo yokubeletha yama-hip joints ezinganeni ivame kakhulu kunabanye, cishe amacala angu-2%.
- Isilinganiso (ukuhlukaniswa). I-bone ye-hip ingase ivele iphinde ishintshele ekuhlanganyeleni, lokhu kwenzeka ngokuchofoza kobuciko. Isibalo salesi sifo siba ngu-0.8%.
- Kunzima (ukuhlukaniswa). Inhloko yethambo itholakala ngaphandle komgudu ohlangene. Lokhu okuhlukile kwesifo kutholakala ngaphansi kwama-0.01% wezingane. I-dysplasia ejulile yezingxube ze-hip ezinganeni yingozi. Iholela ezinkingeni kanye nezifo ezingenakuguquka zesistimu ye-musculoskeletal futhi esemdala.
Hip dysplasia ezinganeni - ukwelashwa
Isihluthulelo senkombinkimbi ephumelelayo yenkinga echazwe yiyo ukuqiniswa kwesakhiwo se-osteochondral cartilage endaweni lapho kungavame ukuthuthukisa khona - imilenze ehlukanisiwe emaceleni. Indlela ejwayelekile futhi ephumelelayo yokwelapha i-hip dysplasia ezinganeni ukusebenzisa amadivayisi akhethekile:
- isitiphu sikaPavlik;
- amathayi uVilensky;
- I-pilik's pillows;
- Okokusebenza kukaGnekovsky;
- amathayi Volkov nabanye.
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo ezincane kanye nokuvimbela kwawo, i-swaddling ebanzi iyadingeka, igqoke ama-diapers ngamasayizi amabili amakhulu, besebenzisa izikhwama kanye nezikhwama ezithwala ("ama-kangaroos"). Njengokwelashwa okusekela, ama-orthopedists ancoma:
- i-gymnastics;
- ukusikhipha;
- physiotherapy.
I-LFK ye-hip dysplasia ezinganeni
Ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke izinyanga ezingu-3-24 (kuye ngokuthi ubuchopho bubucayi). Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izakhiwo zokuzivocavoca ze-dysplasia zezingxube zezinyosi ezinganeni ziqale zenziwa udokotela. Ekhaya, ungakwenza kuphela emva kokuqeqesha. Uma kungabikho amakhono adingekayo, kunengozi yokulimaza nokubuhlungu kumntwana.
Ukuzivocavoca nge-hip dysplasia ezinganeni:
- Esikhundleni ngemuva, ubambe iqhaza, welula izinyawo ngesisindo esiyindilinga.
- Bendza umlenze owodwa emadolweni bese uyicindezela esiswini, ugoqa omunye umlenze ("ibhayisikili").
- Ngenye indlela, ugobe imilenze emadolweni endaweni ehlanjululwayo.
- Ngesikhathi esifanayo ugoqa izinyawo futhi ngobumnene, ngaphandle kwengcindezi eqinile, cindezela amadolo phezulu.
- Faka izinyawo zakho ngokuzenzekelayo, ziqhubekele phambili nangemuva, simulating glide.
- Phonsa umlenze omunye komunye uhlangothi (isithende kuya emadolweni).
- Thatha eceleni isitho bese uyiphindela esimweni esiphambili (isinyathelo eseceleni).
- Vula umntwana esiswini sakhe. Bendza imilenze emadolweni bese uyicindezela phezulu.
- Ukugoba kokubili, ukulungisa isandla. Ngomusa ufinyelela isikhumba esiqongweni.
- Thatha izithende kumpristi ngemilenze emadolweni.
Ukuphunga i-hip dysplasia ezinganeni
I-Orthopedists batusa ukuthi bangenzi izinqubo zamabhuku ngokuzimela, kodwa baxoxe njalo nochwepheshe oqeqeshiwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma i-dysplasia yamajoyina e-hip ekusaneni isanda kutholakala - ukwelashwa okwenziwe ngokungalungile kuzokwandisa isimo. Ngezinga elincane le-pathology kungenzeka ukuthi ufunde ukusikhipha umshini ochwepheshe, ehambele izikhathi ezithile, futhi ukuyisebenzisa noma izindlu zakhe.
I-hip dysplasia iphathwa kanjani kubantwana besebenzisa izinqubo zomthetho:
- Gubha izinyawo neminwe.
- Ukuxoshwa kwesikhumba okuzungezile ku-femur.
- Sula imisipha engemuva. Ukwenza massage of loin.
- Yenza kahle izinkalo. Ukuphumula okuvela phansi kuze kube sekugcineni (kuya emaphethweni we-gluteus), ukucindezela kancane isikhumba ngesithupha sakho.
- Gubha ngobumnene amaqanda nezintethe.
I-Electrophoresis ye-dysplasia yamajoyini we-hip ezinganeni
Inqubo ye-physiotherapy ecatshangelwayo isekelwe ekungeneni kwe-i-calcium ions ezakhiweni zethambo-ezinqamulekayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samanje. Kuhlale kunqunywe uma i-dysplasia yezingxube ze-hip itholakala ezinganeni - ukwelashwa kwe-electrophoresis kuveza imiphumela elandelayo:
- ukususwa kokuvuvukala;
- ukukhululeka kwesifo sobuhlungu;
- ukuqinisa amathambo ne-cartilage;
- ukuqedwa kwe-edema;
- ukuqeda imisipha ye- hypertonic ;
- ukubuyiselwa kwegazi lokukhipha i-microcirculation;
- ukuvuselela kwezinqubo zokuvuselela.
Iparafini ye-dysplasia yamajoyini we-hip ezinganeni
Ukushisa kunomthelela omuhle ekusetshenzisweni kwegazi kanye nokusakazwa kwezicubu zomzimba, ngokushesha kukhulula ubuhlungu futhi kuthuthukise ukuhamba. Indlela echazwe ngayo ye-physiotherapy inconywa ukuba yenziwe kanye ne-electrophoresis, ukuvocavoca kanye nokuphunga. Ngosizo lweparafini, i-dysplasia yezingxube ze-hip ilula kakhulu futhi isuswa ngokushesha - ukwelashwa kwabantwana abanezicelo zokufudumala kusiza:
- ukuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo esingaphansi;
- buyisa ikhanda lesithambo endaweni efanele;
- ukusindisa ingane ebuhlungu;
- phuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwemvelo;
- ukuqinisa ukuphuma kwe-lymph.
Imiphumela ye-hip dysplasia ezinganeni
Uma ukwelashwa okwanele kwaqalwa ngesikhathi esifanele, lesi sifo sanyamalala ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lapho i-dysplasia yamajoyina e-hip ezinganeni ezincane ingelashwa, iyaqhubeka. Ngezinye izikhathi izinga lokulimala emlenzeni liyingozi kakhulu kangangokuba umuthi wezinzwa kufanele athole inqubo yokuhlinzwa:
- ukuvula ama-dislocation;
- i-osteotomy ye-degrotation;
- I-Operation Shantsa;
- ukulungiswa kwe-osteotomy;
- i-osteotomy ye-pelvis (ngendlela yeChiari);
- Ukusebenza Koenig.
Ngaphandle kokwelapha, imiphumela ye-dysplasia ezinganeni ingaba kanje:
- i-neoarthrosis;
- ukunciphisa kwethanga;
- coxarthrosis ene-dysplastic;
- ukuchithwa kwe-hip okungavamile;
- ukukhubazeka.