Uma othile ebuza ukuthi ubani owedlule, cishe uhlangabezane naleli gama uma ezama ukuthola umsebenzi phesheya . Isimo se-"expat" somuntu ofuna ukuthola umsebenzi kwelinye izwe kubhekwa njengento ehlonishwa kakhulu kune "ohlala ezweni" ojwayele abaningi.
Ubani i-expat?
Igama elithi "expat" lithathwe kulelo lizwe lesiNgisi elithi "izwe". Umehluko wukuthi i-expat yilowo ozithandayo ngokuzithandela washiya izwe lakubo ngenhloso yokuthola imali, futhi umuntu ovela ezweni lakhe umuntu unyanzelekile ukuba ashiye izwe lakhe futhi asebenze kwelinye izwe. Ngokuvamile igama elithi "amazwe" lisetshenziswe ekuqalisweni kwamalungelo okuba yisakhamuzi okuthunjisiwe kanye nokulahlwa.
Ekuqaleni incazelo yemigomo ethi "expat" ne "expatriate" yayiseduze kakhulu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sokuqala saqala ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kubantu abanezemfundo ephakeme kanye nomsebenzi omuhle, benethuba lokuthola umsebenzi ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe ukuze bahlasele imali ephakeme, futhi babuyele ezweni lakubo. Kubantu abangaphandle, isimo se- "expat" sithandwa kakhulu kunokuba "amazwe". Kuyavunywa ukuthi owokuqala ungumchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe onikezwa yizinkampani ezinkulu, kanti owesibili ngumuntu ongakwazi ukubala kuphela emisebenzini ephansi ekhokhelwa.
Umholi we-expat uyisikhulu ngamakhono nokubukeka okhethekile okuvame ukutholakala phakathi kwabafakizicelo ngesimo esivela kubahlali bendawo. Noma kunjalo, umuntu onjalo emsebenzini kumele abhekane nobunzima abaningi:
- isivinini selimi - ngisho nokwazi ulimi ezingeni eliphakeme, kunezinkinga nge-slang yokuqonda, amagama akhethekile;
- ingqondo - ummeleli wezwe angabona ukuthi lezo zimfanelo ezingathandwa yilapho azithandi, futhi ngokufanayo;
- ubunzima bokubhaliswa kwawo wonke amadokhumenti - lesi sizathu sivame ukuba isizathu sokunqaba kwisithuba esihle.
Susa Izingane
Cishe njalo i-expat ngumuntu osemusha, onomdlandla. Futhi akukho okungajwayelekile kulokho kwelinye izwe unomndeni nezingane. Ukukhulisa izingane zihlobo lendwangu yamasiko, eyakhiwe kusukela ekudidekeni kwezici zezwe elivela ezweni lakubo. Ngokuvamile izingane zenkcubeko yesithathu (njengoba zibizwa ngokuthi izingane ezizalwa emindenini yezidingo) zibonisa izici ezinjalo:
- kulula ukuxhumana nabanye abantu, bahlanganyele nabo, bafunde izilimi zakwamanye amazwe ngempumelelo kakhulu;
- Kukhona izinkinga zokuhlonza, ngoba Ngeke bazibheke njengabahlali bendawo yakubo noma njengabahlali bendawo yokuhlala.
Kuyini ukuhambela amazwe?
Ukuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe ukuxoshwa komuntu ovela ezweni okungaba okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo. Kuze kube phakathi nekhulu lama-20, ukuxoshwa kwabahlali kwakuxhashazwa kakhulu yizwe elinombuso wobushiqela. Ngesikhathi samanje, ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kungenziwa ngentando yomuntu ngokwakhe. Amazwe amaningi aseNtshonalanga manje anika abathumela amalungelo amaningi emiphakathi. Abahlali baseFrance, isibonelo, banelungelo lokubamba iqhaza ekhethweni likaMongameli. Kwamanye amazwe, isibonelo - eSaudi Arabia, abafudukayo baphoqeleka ukuba baphile ngokuhlukile kubantu bendawo.
Ukuthunyelwa nokuthunjwa
Amagama athi "ukuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe" nokuthi "ukukhishwa kwesikhashana" kuvame ukubonwa ngabantu njengencazelo efanayo, kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso. Lapho uthumela umuntu, baxoshwa ezweni ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Ukwedlula isikhathi ukukhishwa kwesimo somuntu osolwa ngobugebengu noma osolwa ngokulahlwa. Ngokusho kwemithetho yamazwe omhlaba, abantu kuphela abaye benza ubugebengu obunzima basuke baqothulwa izakhamizi zabo ukuya emazweni abangeke atholakale. Kuvinjelwe ukukhipha abantu abacela ukukhoseliswa kwezombusazwe.
Amadolobha ama-expats
Akuzona zonke amazwe ezamukela ngokuzithandela abameleli bezinye izifundazwe, kepha kwabanye, i-expat noma izwe lingathola umsebenzi omuhle ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Nasi uhlu lwemidolobha enobungane kakhulu:
- Beijing . Enhloko-dolobha yaseChina, ochwepheshe bezinye izizwe bayajabula ukuthola, izindlu zezindlu zifaniswa nalabo baseMoscow, kodwa izinkokhelo nazo ziphakeme.
- Bangkok . Inhloko-dolobha yaseThailand inikeza ithuba noma yikuphi umuntu ohlala ezweni ukuba avule ibhizinisi, kodwa okungenani izinkampani zendawo ezinhlanu kufanele zisebenzele umfokazi oyedwa.
- Vancouver . I-Canada ingenye yamazwe athule kakhulu, lapho ochwepheshe abaningi baseRussia naseYurophu sebevele sebeyeke khona. Isizathu salolu thando luhlelo oluhle lokufuduka.
- ESydney . I-Australia idonsela phambili ochwepheshe bangaphandle, ikakhulukazi abameli nodokotela.
- Tokyo . EJapane, izimali zizovula amathuba amaningi, ikakhulukazi kunesidingo se-IT-ochwepheshe, abakhangisi, abaphathi. Ukukhathazeka okuwukuphela komqondo wabahlali bendawo.