Nge-endocarditis ukuvuvukala kwegobolondo langaphakathi le-heart-endocardium. I-endocardium ibeka amakamelo enhliziyo, ihlinzeka ubushelelezi nokuqina kwezingaphakathi zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo asikwenzeki, kodwa sihlangene ne-myocarditis (ukuvuvukala kwesibindi somzimba senhliziyo) noma i-pericarditis (ukuvuvukala kodonga lwangaphandle lwenhliziyo). Futhi i-endocarditis ivame ukusebenza njengesinye, eziyisisekelo, izifo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-endocarditis
I-endocarditis emvelaphi (i-etiology) ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
- Ukwelashwa (septic) - kubangelwa ukulimala kwegobolondo langaphakathi lenhliziyo ngama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene (i-bacterial, viral, endocarditis fungal, njll).
- Okungenasifo - kuvela njengendlela yokusabela ezinkingeni ze-metabolic, ukuhlukunyezwa komzimba noma ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo ye-immunopathological (endroarditis ye-rheumatic, endocarditis ezifweni ezixhumene nezicubu, endocarditis engeyona i-bacterium endocarditis, i-Leffler's eosinophilic fibroelastic endocarditis, njll).
Izimpawu ze-endocarditis zemvelaphi ehlukahlukene
Cabanga ngendlela ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zesifo ezizibonakalisa ngayo.
I-endocarditis ye-Infective
Izimpawu (izimpawu) ze-endocarditis yebhaktheriya, ebizwa nangokuthi i-subacute septic, ayifani nezimpawu zesimo esithathelwanayo sesifo esibangelwa ezinye izinyunyana. Njengomthetho, bazibonakalisa bona amasonto amabili emva kokutheleleka. Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kungaba okuhlukile noma kusulwe.
Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo senzeke ngokukhuphuka okukhulu ekushiseni komzimba kuya ku-38.5 - 39.5 ° C, kuhambisane nama-chills nokukhukhumeza okukhulu. Khona-ke kukhona izibonakaliso ezifana nalezi:
- ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima ;
- ubuthakathaka;
- isisindo somzimba esinciphile;
- i-blanching yesikhumba (ngokuvamile ene-gray tinge);
- ukuqhuma isikhumba;
- ama-hemorrhages amancane embranini emangcwabeni, njll.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuholela ekubukeni kwesibonakaliso "seminwe ye-tympanic" - i-phalanges yokuphela kweminwe nezinzwane eziqhamukayo, ezithola ukubonakala kwezingodo ze-tympanic, nezipikili - izibuko zama-crystal.
I-endocarditis ye-rheumatic
Lolu hlobo lwesifo, njengombuso, luqala ukuvela ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kokuqala noma kwesibili kwemicimbi ye-articular ne-rheumatism. Izikhalo ezivame ukwedlula i-endocarditis ye-rheumatic yizi:
- izinhliziyo zomzimba;
- ubuhlungu enhliziyweni yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene;
- i-malaise jikelele;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba, isikhathi eside esiqhubekayo.
I-Leffler Endocarditis
Ezigaba zokuqala, i-endocarditis kaLeffler ayikho imiboniso yemitholampilo. Isiguli singakwazi ukubona kuphela izimpawu zesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi, okubangele i-eosinophilia enamandla (izifo ezixhumene nezicubu zomzimba, izicubu, i-leukemi, njll). Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu zayo ezijwayelekile ziyi:
- ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba;
- umkhuhlane;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuqhuma kwesikhumba.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli kuyaqala.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-endocarditis
I-endocarditis kunzima ukuyihlolisisa ngenxa yezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zokuqala zesifo, izinhlobonhlobo zomonakalo ezinxenyeni zenhliziyo, nokuba khona kwezibonakaliso ezingezona zenhliziyo. Izinkimbinkimbi zezinyathelo zokuxilongwa zihlanganisa: i-electrocardiography, i-echocardiography, ukuhlolwa kwegazi (jikelele, isayensi yemvelo, i-immunological). Ukuxilongwa okunembile kuyenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukucabanga kwe-magnontic resonance yenhliziyo. Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kuncike kakhulu ekuxilongweni okufanele (ukutholakala kwesimo sesifo).