Ama-beta-blockers abizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa ezingavimba okwesikhashana izitho zokwamukela i-beta-adrenergic. Lezi zimali zivame ukunikezwa uma:
- ukwelashwa kwe-cardiac arrhythmia;
- isidingo sokuvimbela i- infarction ephindaphindiwe ye-myocardial ;
- ukwelashwa kwesifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Kuyini i-beta-adrenergic receptors?
Ama-receptor e-Beta-adrenergic yizona zamukelayo ezithinta ama-hormone adrenaline kanye ne-noradrenaline futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
- I-β1 - ikhona kakhulu enhliziyweni, futhi ngokuvuselela kwabo kukhona ukwanda kwamandla nokuvama kwezinhlangothi zenhliziyo, ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuphakama; futhi i-β1-adrenergic receptors ikhona ezinso futhi isebenza njengama-receipt of the device-lobe;
- I-β2 - receptors, etholakala kuma-bronchioles futhi ikhuthaza ukukhuliswa nokuqedwa kwe-bronchospasm; Futhi lezi zitholampilo zikhona emangqamuzaneni e-hepatic, futhi ukukhuthazwa kwazo ngama-hormone kukhuthaza ukukhanya kwe-glycogen (i-reserve polysaccharide) nokukhululwa kwegazi ngegazi;
- I-β3 - etholakale emathisini adipose, ngaphansi kwethonya lama-hormone kusebenze ukuhlenga kwamafutha, kubangele ukukhululwa kwamandla nokukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nohlu lwezidakamizwa ze-beta-blockers
Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi i-receptors ezithintekayo yi-beta-blockers, okubangela ukuvimbela, lezi zidakamizwa zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili.
I-selective (cardioselective) beta-blockers
Isenzo salezi zidakamizwa sikhethiwe futhi siqondiswe ekuvimbeleni i-β1-adrenergic receptors (ayithinti ama-β2-receptors), ikakhulukazi imiphumela yezinhliziyo ephawula:
- ukwehla emandleni okuphikisana kwenhliziyo;
- ukunciphisa kwenhliziyo;
- ukucindezelwa kokuqhutshwa nge-node ye-atrio-ventricular;
- kunciphise ukuhamba kwenhliziyo.
Leli qembu lihlanganisa izidakamizwa ezinjalo:
- Atenolol (Athenoben, Prinorm, Hypoten, Tenolol, njll);
- I-Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, iBisogamma, njll);
- i-betaxolol (ama-Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, njll);
- i-metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, njll);
- I-Nebivolol (iBinelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
- i-talinolol (iCordanum);
- i-esmolol (i-Breviblock).
I-beta-blockers engakhethi
Lezi zidakamizwa ziyakwazi ukuvimbela kokubili i-β1 ne-β2-adrenoreceptors, ibe ne-antihypertensive, anti-angry, antiarrhythmic kanye ne-membrane-stabilizing action. Lezi zidakamizwa nazo zenza ukwanda kwetoni ye-bronchi, ithoni ye-arterioles, ithoni yesibeletho, nokukhula kokumelana kwamagciwane emzimbeni.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Inderal, njll);
- i-bopindolol (i-Sandinorm);
- I-Levobunolol (i-Wistagen);
- i-nadolol (i-Korgard);
- Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
- i-ovonol (i-Vistagan);
- u-pindolol (uVickin, uViscaldix);
- i-sotalol (i-Sotagexal, i-Sotalex).
- timolol (Okumed, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, njll).
Ama-Beta-blockers esakhiweni sakamuva
Ukulungiswa kwesizukulwane esisha, sesithathu, siboniswa ngezakhiwo ezengeziwe ze-vasodilating ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwe-alpha-adrenergic receptors. Uhlu lwamabhasi-banjisi banamuhla lubandakanya:
- i-carvedilol (i-Acridilol, i- Vedicardol, i-Carvedigamma, i-Rekardium, njll);
- leliprolol (i-Tselipres);
- bucindolol.
Ukuze kucaciswe uhlu lwezidakamizwa ze-beta-blockers ne-tachycardia, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi kulokhu, izidakamizwa eziphumelela kakhulu ezisiza ukunciphisa isilinganiso senhliziyo,
Ukungafani kokusetshenziswa kwe-beta-blockers
Ukuphikisana okuyinhloko kula mithi yilokhu:
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- umfutho wegazi ophansi;
- isifo sobuthakathaka se-sinus node;
- ukwelashwa kwemithanguzo ye-peripheral;
- i-bradycardia;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ;
- i-atrioventricular block yezinga lesibili noma lesithathu.