Ama-bacterium aerobic ama-microorganisms adinga umoya-mpilo wamahhala wokuphila okuvamile. Ngokungafani nawo wonke ama-anaerobes, nabo bahlanganyele ekukhiqizeni amandla abadinga ukuzala. Lawa ma-bacteria awunayo i-nucleus ecacisiwe. Ziyanda ngokuhluma noma ukuhlukanisa futhi zakha imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene enobuchopho yokuncishiswa okuphelele ngesikhathi se-oxidation.
Izici ze-aerobics
Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi amabhaktheriya aerobic (ngamagama alula, ama-aerobes) yizinto eziphilayo ezingahlala emhlabathini, emoyeni nasemanzini. Benza iqhaza ekusakazeni izinto futhi babe ne-enzyme eziningana ezikhethekile eziqinisekisa ukwehla kwabo (isibonelo, i-catalase, i-superoxide dismutase nabanye). Ukuphefumula kwala mabhaktheriya kwenziwa nge-oxidation eqondile yemethane, i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, i-hydrogen sulfide, insimbi. Zingaba khona ngokubanzi ngokucindezela okuyingxenye ye-0.1-20 atm.
Ukulima kwe-aerobic-negative kanye ne-gram-positive bacteria akusho nje kuphela ukusetshenziswa komphakathi ofanelekayo wezakhi, kodwa futhi ukulawula okulinganiselwe umoya we-oksijini kanye nokugcinwa kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngamanye ama-microorganism alaleli qembu kukhona ubuncane kanye nokuhlushwa okwenziwe oksijini emvelweni owuzungezile, okudingekayo ekukhiqizeni nokuthuthukiswa kwawo okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kokunciphisa nokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-oksijini engaphezu kwe "esiphezulu" kuholele ekupheleni komsebenzi obalulekile walezi zingqikithi. Wonke amabhaktheriya e-aerobic afela ekuhlungeni kwe-oksijeni ka-40 kuya ku-50%.
Izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya aerobic
Ngokwezinga lokuthembela emoyeni okhululekile, wonke amabhaktheriya aerobic ahlukaniswe ngalezi zinhlobo:
1. I-aerobes ephoqelekile i-aerobes "engenamkhawulo" noma "eqinile" engathuthuka kuphela uma kune-oxygen ephezulu emoyeni, ngoba ithola amandla ekuphenduleni kwe-oxidative ngokuhlanganyela kwayo. Lokhu kufaka:
- ezinye izinhlobo ze-pseudomonads;
- ama-saprophyte amaningi;
- izinduku ze-diphtheria;
- ikholera vibrio;
- i-bacillus ye-tubercle;
- ama-causative agents of tularemia .
2. I- aerobes engakhethwa yizifo ezincane ezikhula ngisho namazinga aphansi kakhulu oksijini. Leli qembu lifaka:
- imvubelo yesambatho;
- ama-pathogenic amaningi (i- meningococci , i-gonococci).
Uma bengena endaweni evamile yangaphandle, amabhaktheriya anjalo cishe ahlala efa, ngoba inani elikhulu le-oksijini linomthelela omubi kuma-enzyme abo.