Ukuphulwa komgogodla womgogodla kungozi eliyingozi nokukhohlakala. Uma kungekho izimpawu eziqhakazile nobuhlungu obunzima, umuntu omele akahambi kudokotela ukuze athole usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele. Noma yikuphi ukwehlukana kokucindezeleka kunemiphumela emibi, phakathi kwazo yizinkinga zokuzwela nokukhubazeka.
Ukwehlukana kokucindezeleka komgogodla - izimbangela
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukuphika ukucindezeleka komgogodla kungenzeka kanjani, ukuthi kuyini, omunye kufanele aphendule ku-anatomy yekholomu ye-vertebral. Ikholomu ye-vertebral iqukethe amathambo we-vertebral nomzimba, izinqubo eziyisikhombisa, i-arc kanye ne-vertebral canal lapho kutholakala khona intambo yomgogodla. Ngcindezelo eqinile - ukucindezelwa - i-vertebra yonke noma izingxenye zayo zingahle zikhubazeke. Ukucindezela kungenziwa ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
- umthelela obuthakathaka;
- ixhuma kusuka ekuphakameni;
- ukushayela emakhanda amanzi kuqala;
- ukushaya ekhanda;
- ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni kuya emilenzeni eqondile noma emathangeni;
- ukusabalalisa ngokungalungile ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo;
- Ukuguqula ukuguqulwa kwesikhundla kumthelela (ukushayeka kwemoto).
Ama-degree of compression fracture of the spine
Ngamandla okubunzima kokulimala, amazinga amathathu okuhlukana komzimba ahlukaniswa:
- Ukuphulwa kokucindezeleka komgogodla we-degree eli-1 - i-vertebra ikhubazekile ku-20-40% yesayizi yangempela. Lezi zifo ezihlukumezekayo azivami ukuholela ezinkingeni, zingenelela ekwelapheni ukwelashwa.
- Ukuqhekeka kwezinga lesibili - ukucindezela i-vertebra kabili. Izingxenye ezilimazayo ze-vertebra zingacindezela intambo yomgogodla.
- Ukuphuka kwezinga lesithathu - ama-vertebrae ancipha ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabili. Kulesi simo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyimpoqo, kodwa akuqinisekisi ukubuyiswa okuphelele kwemisebenzi elahlekile.
Ukwehlukana kokucindezeleka komgogodla - izimpawu
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuhlukana kokucindezela komgogodla yizindlela zehadiwe. Ngosizo lwe-CT, i- MRI , i-X-ray, i-myelography ne- densitometry, kungenzeka ukucacisa indawo yesilonda nomphumela wokulimala ekusebenzeni komgogodla. Lapho ehlola isiguli, i-neurologist igxila ezibonisweni ezinjalo zokulimala kokucindezela:
- ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo ngemuva, entanyeni, esifubeni;
- ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamalungu noma ukungabi khona kwayo ngokuphelele;
- ubuhlungu ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ngemuva kanye noshintsho esikhundleni;
- ubuthakathaka emaphethelweni, ukunganaki;
- ukuhlanza kanye nokucabangela;
- edema endaweni yokuhlukunyezwa;
- ukuhlukumeza kwemisipha ye-dorsal;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- ubuhlungu ekwenzeni indawo ethintekile.
Ukuphulwa kokucindezeleka komgogodla wesibeletho
Ukuqhekeka kokucindezeleka komdokotela wesibeletho somlomo wesibeletho kuthiwa kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngomonakalo omkhulu umuntu angenqaba amagatsha futhi alahlekelwe ukuzwela kuwo wonke umzimba ngaphansi kwezinga lokuphuka. Ukucindezela okunamandla okukhulu kungalimaza kakhulu umgogodla bese kuholela ekufeni. Lokhu kuhlukana komgogodla, izimpawu zazo ezingahambelana nezimpawu zokulimala kwezinye izingxenye zomgogodla, kubhalwe ubuhlungu obunzima entanyeni. Ubuhlungu bungasakazeka ezingxenyeni ezingezansi, ukunikela ezandleni, kuhambisane nokuvuvukala nomzwelo wokushisa endaweni yokulimala.
Ukuphulwa kokucindezeleka komgogodla we-thoracic
Ukulimala komzimba kubangelwa ukulimala okungavamile, ngoba ama-vertebrae omlomo wesibeletho kanye ne-lumbar abuthakathaka futhi abhekene nokubi kakhulu. Ama-fractures kulesi sigaba somgogodla avame ukubangelwa yi-osteoporosis nomdlavuza. Ukulimala kwe-degree elingu-1 isikhathi eside kuhlala umuntu engaboniwe - izimpawu zokuphulwa komgogodla emgodleni endaweni ye-thoracic zibonise ngokwabo. I-vertebra ewonakele ingase iqhubeke isebenza isikhathi eside, kodwa ibhujiswe unomphela, okuyinto usuku olunye luyozibonakalisa luyinkinga enkulu.
Ukuphelelwa ukucindezeleka kwe-lumbar spine
Ukuphulukana kokucindezeleka komgogodla we-lumbar spine kubhekwa njengokwelashwa okuvamile. Iholela ezimweni ezinjalo:
- isikhundla esingaphumeleli noma ukunyakaza okungazelelwe lapho uphakamisa futhi ugqoke izinsimbi;
- gxuma kusuka ekuphakameni;
- bawe emagodini;
- ukucindezela okubukhali;
- ukuphenduka okubukhali ezemidlalo.
Ingozi yomonakalo ingakhula uma kune-osteoporosis, umdlavuza noma ukuvinjelwa komgogodla. Ngomonakalo omnene, ubuhlungu nokuphazanyiswa kwenqubo yezinzwa kungase kuphele emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo olinganiselayo, ukwelapha izidakamizwa kuyadingeka futhi, ngokusho kwezinkomba, ukungenelela okuhlinzekwa noma ukuhlinzeka nge-plastic. Ezimweni zokulimala okunzima kakhulu noma okunzima, ukuhlinzwa nokuvuselelwa isikhathi eside kuyadingeka, okungahambi ngaso sonke isikhathi ekubuyiseni okuphelele.
isithombe2
Ukwehlukana kokucindezeleka komgogodla - ukwelashwa
Ngaphambi kokwelapha ukuhlukana komgogodla we-spine, kubalulekile ukuthola indawo ngqo yomonakalo kanye nezinga le-deformation ye-vertebra. Ukwelashwa kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuqukethe imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ukunciphisa ubuhlungu be-syndrome: ngobuhlungu obukhulu, i-novocain blockades nama-opiates asetshenziswa;
- ukuchithwa kwemvelo endaweni yokulimala;
- ukwelapha izidakamizwa ukubuyisela umsebenzi we-muscle, ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa kwezindawo ezilimele, ukususa ukuvuvukala, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wezintambo zezinzwa;
- ukubuyiselwa kwe-vertebra ngokuhlinzwa;
- i-vertebroplasty ne-kyphoplasty;
- i-physiotherapy;
- ukusikhipha;
- ukuvivinya umzimba.
Ukulungiswa kwesayithi lokulimala kungadlulela ezinyangeni ezingu-3, ngokuya ngejubane lokubuyiswa kwamagceke okulimale nokubuya kwemisebenzi elahlekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungadingeka imisebenzi eminingi ngaphambi kokuba i-vertebra iba yindlela efanele. Ngemuva kokukhipha amadivaysi okulungisa, isikhathi eside sokuvuselelwa siqala. Uma intambo yomgogodla ibonakaliswe kanzima ngesikhathi sokuhlukunyezwa, kunzima kakhulu ukubuyisela amakhono amakhono nokuzwela. Uma ukwelashwa kungaholele emphumela oyifunayo, umuntu angathola ukukhubazeka.
Ukuphuka komgogodla - usizo lokuqala
Usizo lokuqala ekukhwanyeni umgogodla ukugxilisa umuntu impela. Ezingozi zezimoto, abantu abangabandakanyekile bayashesha ukudonsa izisulu emotweni nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lokhu akunakwenziwa, ngoba ngaphambi kokuphuka komgogodla, intambo yomgogodla ingaphulwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo kungcono ukulinda ukufika kwabahlengikazi noma odokotela abaphuthumayo.
Uma usola ukulimala komgogodla, isiguli sigxile esitokisini esinzima futhi sithathwe esibhedlela. Uma ukuphazamiseka kokucindezeleka komgogodla womlomo wesibeletho kudingeke ukuthi kube khona, kuyadingeka ukulungisa intanyeni ngekhola ye-Shantz noma ama-sacs aqinile. Uma kubonakala sengathi ukuphuka kwe-vertebral esifubeni kanye nesiphansi, isiguli sifakwa ngemuva, futhi i-roller ifakwa ngaphansi kwendawo ewonakele. Uma i-coccyx yalimala, isiguli sifakwa esiswini.
I-Physiotherapy ne-compression fracture yomgogodla
Uma umuntu ephukile umgogodla, yini okufanele udokotela athi ngalo ngokuhlolwa okuphelele nokuqaphela. Esigabeni sesibili sokwelashwa, lapho udokotela evumela isiguli ukuba sithuthele, i-physiotherapy izoba nendima eyisizayo ekwelapheni. Ngosizo lwakhe, ungakwazi ukusheshisa ukutholakala kwemizwa, imisipha kanye namathambo amathambo. Ekuvuselelweni emva kokuhlukana kusetshenziselwa izindlela ezifana ne-physiotherapy:
- UHF . Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukukhulula ukuvuvukala nokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.
- Electrophoresis. Ngesizo salo sigcwalise indawo ethintekayo ngezinto ezidingekayo nemithi: i-calcium usawoti, u-Euphyllinum, i-nicotinic acid. Ingasetshenziselwa i-anesthesia.
- Ukuxoshwa . Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-muscle.
- Isikhathi se-paraffin-ozocerite. Usizo lokuthuthukisa isimo semisipha.
- UFO. Isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa i-microflora eyingozi.
- I-Balneotherapy. Ukusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukususa izihluthulelo ze-muscle.
- Magnetotherapy . Ngosizo lwakhe kunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukutakula ngokushesha.
Ukuphulwa kokucindezeleka komgogodla - ukusebenza
Ukusebenza ngokuhlukumeza komgogodla kuboniswa uma kwenzeka kube nokuguquguquka okunzima kwe-vertebra ngokucindezelwa kwezinzwa, ama-fracture ama-vertebral, nama-fragments. Ezimweni zokulimala okulinganiselayo, lezi zinhlobo zokungenelela okuhlinzekwayo ziyasetshenziswa:
- I-Vertebroplasty. Ngokunqunywa esikhumbeni, inaliti ene-simenti ekhethekile efakwe ku-vertebra, evumela ukuqinisa ingxenye.
- I-Kyphoplasty. I-balloon ifakwa ku-vertebra, ngosizo lwama-vertebra abuyiselwa ngalo. Kusukela ku-vertebra eyakhiwe kabusha ibhaluni isusiwe, futhi isigxobo sithululwa nge-samente.
Ngokulimala kanzima, izindlela ezinjalo zokuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa njengalokhu:
- Ukuhlinzeka ngezigaba: ukususwa kwezingcezu, ukulungiswa kwe-vertebra.
- I-Spondylodez. Ukuvalwa kwe-Metal noma amapuleti awonakele ama-vertebra afakwe eduze.
- Ukutshalaliswa. Ukufaka esikhundleni se-vertebra elimele nge-vertebra yokufakelwa.
- Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izingxenye eziqothulwe zomgogodla zithathelwa amanye amathambo omzimba womuntu.
Ukudla okunomsoco ngokucindezeleka kwe-spine
Ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa nokubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi eyonakele, kunconywa ukulungisa ukudla. Kumele igcwaliswe ngemikhiqizo equkethe i-calcium, i-magnesium ne-zinc: i-wheat kagesi, imbewu, amantongomane, u-buckwheat, irayisi engaxhunyiwe, i-oatmeal. Kubalulekile ukukhipha imikhiqizo enamafutha namakhakheni, kanye nemikhiqizo ehlanza i-calcium: amaswidi, i-lemonade, ubhiya, ikhofi eningi, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamakhabe kanye ne-citrus.
Kuwusizo ukusebenzisa amavithamini alandelayo ukuphulwa komgogodla: i-vitamin C, iqembu B, i-vitamin D ne-K. Zitholakala ekudleni okunjalo: isibindi, amaqanda, ummbila, ukhilimu omuncu, u-sea buckthorn, inhlanzi yolwandle, i-kiwi, i-dogrose. Ukuze uthole inani elidingekile lamavithamini namaminerali kuyasiza ukuthatha izinkimbinkimbi ze-multivitamin: i-Osteo Sanum, i-Vitrum Osteomag, ne-Andjoy NT.
Ukuphelelwa ukucindezeleka komgogodla - ukuvuselelwa
Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuphulwa komzimba komgogodla kungadlulela eminyakeni emibili. Isikhathi esithile sokuthola isimo sincike emandleni esilonda, iminyaka yesiguli, izici zenyama kanye nokwelashwa okwenziwe. Ngokuhlukumeza okungahambi kahle, ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwezokwelapha kanye nokuzivocavoca okuphefumulayo kunqunywe ngemuva kwesonto. Ukuzivocavoca kancane kancane, kwengeza izinqubo ze-physiotherapy nokusikhipha. Ukwelashwa okuhle kuphumelela ema-sanatoriums.
Uma kwenzeka ukulimala okuyinkimbinkimbi, izinyathelo zokuvuselela kufanele zenziwe ngokugcinwa okuqondile kwezincomo zesidokotela. Isiguli senza okokuqala izivivinyo ezilula, zilungiselela ukuhlala nokuhamba. Ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kokuhlelwa kwazo zonke izinyathelo zokuvuselela kusiza ukubuyisela yonke imisebenzi ngokushesha futhi ubuyele empilweni evamile.
I-Corset ne-compression fracture yomgogodla
I-gypsum corset ngemuva kokuphazamiseka kokucindezela komgogodla ifakwe ngokushesha esibhedlela ngemuva kokuqala inkambo yokuvuselela. Umsebenzi walo ukubamba ama-vertebrae ngesimo esifanele sokuphila. Emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3-4, isiguli kumele sigqoke i-corset enzima ngesisekelo sensimbi-plastic, ayithenga kuma-pharmacy. Uma i-fracture ihlanganisiwe ngokugcwele futhi i-callus ikhiwa, i-corset kanzima ingashintshwa ibe yinqweba - yenza kube lula ukuhambisa nokuhamba.
I-LFK ekuqhekekeni kokucindezela kwe-backbone
Ukuzivocavoca kokwelashwa nokucindezeleka kokuphuza komgogodla kuyadingeka sonke isigaba sokuvuselelwa. Okokuqala ziqukethe ukuzivocavoca, okuyizenzo ezilula kamuva ezengeziwe: khuphula umlenze, ingalo, vula ikhanda. Izivivinyo zokwelapha zenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela. Ukuzivocavoca kuklanyelwe ukulungisa umgogodla wokucindezeleka nokubuyisela imisebenzi yemoto nokusebenza kwesimiso sezinzwa.
Ukubamba nge-massage nge-compression fracture yomgogodla
Imfundo yezemvelo izoba nomthelela omkhulu uma ifakwa nge-massage. Ngokwezibonakaliso, ukusikhipha umzimba kuqala ukwenziwa ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokuphulwa kwe-vertebral. Yenzani kufanele abe ochwepheshe owaziyo ukulimala komgogodla. Ukuze ukwelashwa kokulimala kwe-vertebral, ukusikhipha nge-classic, iphuzu kanye nezingxenye ze-reflex zisetshenzisiwe. Esikhathini sesiteji sokuqala, ukusikhipha ukukhanya nokugqugquzela kwamakhansela ngamunye kwenziwa. Esigabeni sesi-2 ne-3 sigaba, i-massage yanda, futhi amasu asetshenzisiwe akhuliswa.
Ukuphuka komgogodla - imiphumela
Imiphumela yephutha lokucindezeleka komgogodla ingazibonakalisa ngokwabo emva kwesikhathi emva kokudangala. Imiphumela emibi yokuphuka ihlanganisa:
- ukungazinzi kwamagceke we-vertebral;
- i- osteochondrosis ehamba phambili;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezishisayo;
- i-hernia ne- protrusion ;
- i-kyphoscoliosis;
- ukwehlisa ubuzwe emzimbeni ngaphansi kwe-vertebra ewonakele;
- ukukhubazeka.