Ubhontshisi phakathi kwamaqanda nawo athandwa kakhulu, njengama-peas. Kuthathwa njengesitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke kungenziwa ngisho nangomlimi wezitshalo oqalayo. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isivuno siphumelele, kufanele uzijwayeze ngamaphuzu aphambili we-agro-technology (okukhulayo) ubhontshisi.
Ukutshala ubhontshisi nokunakekelwa okudingekayo
Ukufika kufanele kuhlelwe endaweni lapho kudingeka khona ukutshala inhlabathi nge nitrogen. Uzozizwa engcono endaweni ephephile, evikelekile emoyeni. Ukuze izinhlobo zezinkuni, imibhede, lapho iklabishi noma amazambane ekhulile khona ngaphambili, kufanelekile, kanti nezigebengu kuyadingeka ukuba zithole inkxaso (trellis, izigqoko noma izitshalo ezide). Buyela endaweni endala yokutshala ubhontshisi kuphela emva kweminyaka engu-4-5.
Yonke inqubo yokutshala ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ukulungiselela nokufaka emhlabathini.
Amabhontshisi ngokwawo kufanele afakwe emanzini afudumele (amahora angaba ngu-15), futhi ngaphambi kokuba angene emhlabathini bese efaka isisombululo se- boric acid . Uma ufuna ukutshala ubhontshisi ekuqaleni, kufanele kuhlume kusengaphambili.
Ubhontshisi obunjengokukhanya, inhlabathi evundile, futhi ingatshalwa enhlabathini e-loamy. Ukupheka kufanele kuqale ekwindla. Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ifakwe kahle, bese yenza imvelo (umquba noma ama-humus) kanye namanyolo wamaminerali (phosphoric and potash). Entwasahlobo, inqubo kuzodingeka iphindwe.
Ukutshala ibhontshisi kwenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya kuphakathi kukaMeyi, lapho kungeke kube khona amaqhwa ebusuku. Ukwenza lokhu kulula, udinga nje ukufaka imbewu engu-5 cm emhlabathini. Ngokuvame ukutshala ubhontshisi emigqeni, okwenza ibanga phakathi kwembewu engama-20 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - 40-50 cm.Uma ufuna izimbobo, khona-ke kufanele ubeke ubhontshisi obungu-4-5, unamathele induku ukuze ukhuni, futhi bese ufafaza umhlaba. Ekugcineni, udinga ukuthulula imigqa bese uthele kancane.
Ekulimeni nasekunakekeleni ubhontshisi, akukho lutho olunzima. Akadingi okuningi:
- ukukhulula inhlabathi nokutshala izitshalo emva kokuhluma kwazo, lokhu kuzodinga ukuphindaphinda isikhathi esengeziwe ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali;
- ngaphambi kokuchelela kwezimbali ukuze kwenziwe kanye ngesonto, bese kuthi izikhathi ezimbili;
- emva kokunisela ngamunye (wemvelo noma ngawe) umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke;
- njalo uhlanza ukhula;
- ukugqugquzela i-ovary, uma ufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphonse ithiphu;
- ukwenza 2 ukufaka umquba owengeziwe: owokuqala - superphosphates emva kokubunjwa kwephepha lokuqala, umanyolo wesibili - potassium ekwakhekeni kwefihlekile.
Ama-pods angavunwa emva kwamasonto 3-4 emva kokubhakabhaka.
Amabhontshisi akhula angabhekiswa hhayi kuphela e-dacha, kodwa nasekhaya.