- Ikheli: Province of Limón, Costa Rica
- Usuku lwesisekelo: September 6, 1988.
- Indawo: 5700.45 km²
ICosta Rica ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izwe-ukulondoloza. Lapha, hhayi kuphela ukuvikela izakhiwo zendalo, kodwa futhi ziyakwandisa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Engxenyeni yombuso kunezindawo ezingaphezu kuka-50 ezihlukahlukene zasendle zasendle nezindawo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, eziyimfihlo. Idume kakhulu kunazo zonke yi-International Park La Amistad (La-Amistad).
Ulwazi jikelele
Ipaki inamaphesenti amakhulu ensimu yamazwe amabili - iCosta Rica nePanama - futhi ivela phezulu kweTalamanca Range kuya emifuleni yaseCaribbean Sea. Igama lokugcina lihunyushwe kusuka eSpanishi ngokuthi "ubungane". Umnikelo omkhulu ekudalweni nasekusungulweni kwepaki wenziwa ngabakwaSwedish downshifters uKaren no-Olaf Vesberg. Emahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 zehlathi elinyathelisiwe labhujiswa futhi labhujiswa ngonyaka owodwa. U-Olaf uzame ukuvimbela imisebenzi yabalimi, okwabulawa ngalo. Abasekeli bakhe baqhubeka nendlela kaVesberg futhi bakwazi ukuvula indawo yokugcina.
Ekuqaleni, iLa Amistad njengendawo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo yasungulwa eCosta Rica , kodwa kancane kancane umbuso wasePanama ohlangene wanquma ukujoyina lo msebenzi. Ngo-1982, ngo-22 Febhuwari, iLa Amistad yabizwa ngokomthetho i-International Park. Lokhu kuyingxenye yohlelo jikelele lwe-Central America, oluhlose ukwakha umzila owodwa oqhubekayo wehlathi kusukela ePanama ukuya eMexico, kanye nokulondolozwa kwemvelo yesifunda, lapho amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 endalo yemvelo ebhujiswa khona. Ngo-1983, ipaki laLa-Amistad lalifakwe ohlwini lwezamagugu e-UNESCO. Le nhlangano iyakhathalela indawo yendawo yokugcina ngenxa yokuthi ibaluleke kakhulu kwisayensi, futhi ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi nezilwane.
Insimu yepaki
Engxenyeni yendawo ye-buffer ye-reserve yibo abakhiqizi abahamba phambili bezinkomo kanye nekhofi eMelika Ephakathi. Ngaphakathi kwensimu kunzima ukufinyelela, ngakho-ke akukaqondwa ngokugcwele.
Ngama-2000s, ososayensi baseNyuvesi yasePanama, i-INBio ne-Museum of Natural History yaseLondon benza izinyathelo eziningana ezijulile e-International Park La-Amistad. Ngo-2006, imali (kokubili iCosta Rica nePanama kanye nezinhlangano zomhlaba jikelele ezenzakalo) zenzelwe iphrojekthi ehlangene okwesikhathi esiyiminyaka emithathu. Umgomo oyinhloko kwakuwukudala imephu yendawo futhi uthuthukise idatha yokuqala ukuze kungenzeka ukuthi kulondolozwe ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwepaki.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kwenziwa izinkambo ezingu-7 zamazwe ngamazwe nezihlukene, ezithunyelwa ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu epaki laseLa Amistad. Imiphumela yephrojekthi:
- Kuthola izinhlobo ezingu-1 700 zezinyosi, izitshalo ezingu-7 500;
- Izinhlobo ezintsha ezingu-12 ezintsha, izilwane ezinezinambuzane ezi-3, izinhlobo ezingu-15 zama-amphibian, uhlobo olusha lwe-beetle ye-manure;
- Amaqoqo angu-380 asetshenziselwa ukuguqula izakhi.
Izakhamuzi zesigceme
Ngesikhathi esisodwa epaki laseLa Amistad kwakuhlala izizwe ezine zamaNdiya aseMelika. Kuze kube manje, ama-aborigines awahlali lapha. Njengamanje, amashumi ezinkulungwane zazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo entabeni, emahlathini ase-plain and mangrove, kanye nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba nezindawo ezishisayo, zikhula ehlathini. I-eliest of the reserve iyingxenye yehlathi elincane le-oki, elihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingu-7 (Quercus). Nansi ihlathi elikhulu kunazo zonke eCosta Rica .
Ngokuvamile, epaki laseLa-Amistad ekuhlanganyeleni kweNingizimu neNyakatho Melika kukhona nje izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo. Uma uqhathanisa nezinqolobane ezifanayo namapaki, indawo efana nayo, khona-ke lokhu okulondoloziwe akunazimbangi. Lapha, kunamaphesenti angaba ngu-4 okuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. I-flora yaseLa Amistad igcina ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9 zezimila zezimbali, izinhlobo eziyinkulungwane zezinhlobo zezilwane, izinhlobo ezingu-500 zezihlahla nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-900 zezinkumbi, nezinhlobo ezingu-130 ze-orchid. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cishe amaphesenti angu-40 alezi zitshalo akhula kuphela kule ndawo. Imifino ihluka ngokuphakama nendawo.
E-International Park, inqwaba yezilwane nazo zihlala: inyamazane, i-capuchin (i-monkey), umlindi, i-tapir nabanye. I-reserve yaba yisiphephelo sokugcina sezilwane ezincelisayo ezisengozini: i-puma, i-jaguar, ikati le-tiger. Ama-Amphibians nezilwane ezihuquzelayo epaki kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-260: ama-salamanders, i-frog-dverolaz enobuthi, iningi lezinyoka. Lapha kuphila izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zezinyoni: ama-toucan, ama-hummingbirds, i-harpy ukhozi nokunye.
Kuzo zonke izivakashi
Insimu ye-reserve inezingeniso ezimbalwa ezikhokhwayo, ezitholakala ikakhulu ehlangothini lwePacific, eyona eyinhloko ngu-Estacion Altimira. Ungafika wedwa emotweni, ngokulandela izimpawu noma nge-excursion ehleliwe.
Abahambi ngenkathi bevakashela ehlathini kufanele balungele ushintsho lokushisa nokuphakama. Iningi lepaki liphakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili, kodwa lihluka kusukela ku-145 (ogwini lolwandle lwaseCaribbean) kuze kufike ku-3549 (phezulu kweCerro Kamuk) ngamamitha ngaphezu kwezilwandle. Ngokuqondene nesimo sezulu, ohlangothini lwePacific luneqhwa (kwezinye izindawo ngokuphawulekayo) kunecala laseCaribbean. Izinyanga ezinzima kunazo zonke ziyiMashi noFebhuwari.
Abavakatjhi eLa Amistad bakhangwa yi-rafting emfuleni, bebukele izilwanyana, bazi isiko namasiko wama-Aborigines. Ungakwazi ukuzungeza ipaki ngehhashi noma ngezinyawo futhi kuphela ngomqondisi onolwazi.
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