Izihlahla ze-Orange - izeluleko zokukhula kwe-citrus

I-citrus enesinamakha futhi enhle kakhulu ayikwazi ukuthenga kuphela esitolo, kodwa iyakhula yodwa. Isihlahla se-Orange sinemifino eminingi kanti ezinye zazo zifanelekile ukugcina izindlu ezimbizeni. Kubalulekile ukwazi imithetho yokulima nokunakekelwa, ukuze isitshalo sesiqalile futhi siqale.

Uthini umuthi we-orange?

Lolu hlobo lwe-citrus luyisitshalo esitshalwe, futhi luwuthola ngokuwela i-mandarin ne-pomelo. Isihlahla sinesihluthulelo esihlala njalo sinomqhele ohlangene womqhele. Incazelo yemithi yase-orange ihlanganisa ulwazi olulandelayo:

1. Ubukhulu bunokuxhumana ngokuqondile nezinhlobonhlobo, izinhlobo ezinjalo ezide zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-12, futhi zincane - ama-4-6 m. Kunezitshalo zasendlini ezingasuka ku-60 cm kuya ku-2.5 m.
2. Uhlelo lwempande lungenasisekelo, futhi alukwazi izinwele lapho ezinye izitshalo zithola umswakama nezakhi. Esikhundleni salokho, kukhona i-cheholchiki ekhethekile kumacebiso ezimpande, lapho kukhona khona isikhunta esivela ku-symbiosis nesitshalo. Zithutha umswakama nezakhi.
3. Isihlahla sama-orange sinamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anomumo ovalwe oval. Ngaphakathi kwazo izigcawu zigcwala amafutha anamakha, afana nezimbali zalesi sitshalo.

Isihlahla sama-orange siqhakaza kanjani?

Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezinkulu zobulili obuhlukile, obubanzi bufinyelela ku-5 cm. Umbala wezinhlamvu ezinhlanu uvame ukumhlophe, kodwa kungenzeka kube ne-tinge ebomvu. Phakathi nendawo i-pestle yedwa yodwa, ejikelezwe ama-stamens aphuzi. Izimbali ziqoqwe ngebhayisikili cishe ama-pcs angu-6., Ukuhluka okuhlukile akuvamile. Ukuqhakaza komuthi we-orange kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, futhi izimpande zezimbali, ezenziwe ngo-March-Ephreli, ziyovuleka kuphela ekushiseni kwe-16-18 ° С. Ihlumela liqhuma ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3.

Ungakhula kanjani umuthi we-orange?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezingasetshenziselwa ukukhula kwangaphakathi, kanti lezi zintathu ezidume kakhulu yizinto ezilandelayo:

1. Pavlovsky. Ukuphakama, lokhu kuhluka kuya kufinyelela ku-1 m. Kungasakazeka usebenzisa izicutheka. Izithelo zivuthiwe isikhathi eside, lapho kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
2. I-Gamlin. Uma unesithakazelo sokuthi ungakhula kanjani umuthi we-orange ekhaya, ungakhetha lokhu okuhlukahlukene, okuphakama kwawo kufinyelela ku-1.5 m. Ukuvuna kungavuna ekwindla, kanti izithelo zinezimbali ezinomsoco.
3. I-Washington Navel. Ezihlukahlukene ezidume kakhulu ezifanele ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Ukuphakama komuthi we-orange kungafinyelela ku-2 m. Kubalulekile ukuphawula inzuzo ethakazelisayo - ngenkathi kuqhuma iphunga elimnandi elimnandi. Izithelo zingavunwa kusukela eminyakeni emithathu. Izithelo zinkulu.

Indlela yokutshala umuthi we-orange?

Ukuze ukhule i-citrus efelini lakho lewindi, udinga ukulungiselela amathambo, okumele kube okusha, okungukuthi, hhayi omisiwe.

1. Ngemuva kokuqoqa izinto zokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi uzisuse, bese ushiya amahora angu-8-12 emanzini ukuze uhlume.
2. Ukuze uthole umuthi we-orange osesitheni, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe emhlabathini ovulekile noma peat. Ukwandisa imbewu ngo-1 cm. Vala isitsha ngefilimu noma usimboze ngilazi ukuze udale umphumela wokushisa.
3. Beka isitsha endaweni efudumele ebomvu. Phendula njalo emhlabathini bese uvuselela izimila. Amagciwane kufanele avele ngemva kwenyanga nesigamu.
4. Emva kwalokho, kunconywa ukubeka isitsha ekukhanyeni (imisebe eqondile yelanga iyingozi). Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izithombo usuku olude lokukhanya. Ungasebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile kulokhu.

Ground for umuthi orange

Ukuze kuhlume ngalesi sitshalo ngokuphumelelayo, ikhwalithi yenhlabathi ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze wenze okulungile, cabangela lezi zincomo:

1. Uma unesithakazelo lapho umuthi u-orange ukhula khona, uma usemusha, kungcono ukhethe ukwakheka okunjalo: izingxenye ezimbili ze-turf kanye nengxenye eyodwa yeqabunga lomhlaba, i-humus nesihlabathi. Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuthayipha umhlaba onomhlabathi emasimini.
2. Ngomuthi omdala, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi enjalo: izingxenye ezintathu ze-turf, ingxenye eyodwa yeqabunga lomhlaba, i-humus nesihlabathi. Ungangeza ubumba obuningi.
3. Kunconywa ukuthi inhlabathi ekhethiwe ine-pH ka-6.5-7.
4. Qinisekisa ukususa emhlabathini olungiselelwe konke ukungcola okungadingekile, isibonelo, amahlumela noma izimpande zenye izitshalo.
5. Inhlanganisela yomhlabathi ekulungele kufanele ishiywe okungenani izinsuku ezingu-14.

Indlela yokutshala umuthi we-orange?

Lapho lesi sitshalo siqala ukuthuthukisa kahle, kuyokwenzeka ukuba udobe ukwakha umqhele omuhle. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-6-8, izimbali zingase zivele, futhi izithelo kungenzeka zibe zincane futhi zibaba, ngakho kubalulekile ukugoma. Emiyalweni - indlela yokukhulisa umuthi we-orange ekhaya, kunezinqubo eziphoqelekile, okusho ukuthi inoculation yezinso noma amagatsha esitshalo esivunyiwe. Kungcono ukufeza inqubo lapho isitshalo sesivele sineminyaka eyi-1-3 ubudala.

Isihlahla somlingo sikhula kangakanani ekhaya?

Ubude besikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo kuxhomeke ekutshalweni nokunakekelwa okufanele. Uma ugxila ezimweni zemvelo, khona-ke ema-subtropics kusukela ekutshaleni imbewu kuze kube sekubonakala ukuthi izithelo kufanele zibe yiminyaka engama-4. Ukuze ube nomuthi we-orange ebhodweni waqala ukuthela izithelo, i-inoculation yenziwa bese emva kweminyaka emithathu kuyokwazi ukuvuna. Umjikelezo wokuphila kwalesi siko cishe iminyaka engu-75.

Indlela yokunakekela umuthi we-orange?

Kunezincomo eziningana mayelana nokunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo esinjalo:

1. Ukukhanyisa. Ibhodlela kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo. Emoyeni abandayo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ukukhanya okufakelwayo kuze kube amahora angu-12.
2. Ukushisa. Ehlobo, ukushisa kwegumbi nakho kuyasondela, futhi ebusika kubalulekile ukugcina izinkomba ezingeni lika-10-18 ° C. Kubalulekile ukwenza njalo umoya wokuphuza umoya, kodwa ungafaki ama-drafts.
3. Umswakama. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-orange, ukunakekelwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo kufaka ukupomfaza nsuku zonke usebenzisa amanzi alula, azinzile. Ebusika, umoya usomile, ngakho zonke izindlela ukwandisa umswakama.

Ungayiphuzisa kanjani umuthi we-orange?

Kukhona amathiphu amaningana wokugcoba inhlabathi, okumele ilandelwe:

1. Bahlulela ukuthi bangasemanzini esimweni somhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukungavumeli i-coma yomhlaba ukuthi yomile ngokuphelele. Ukuze unqume umswakama, cindezela inhlanganisela yomhlabathi, futhi uma idiliza, bese uyayinisela.
2. Ukunisela umuthi omncane we-orange, akunconywa ukusebenzisa amanzi okupompo, ngoba aqukethe eziningi zensimbi yama-alkali ne-chlorine. Kumele kubiliswe noma ungathatha amanzi ashisayo kusuka kumpompi.
3. I-liquid kumele ivunyelwe ukuma okungenani amahora angu-24 endaweni evulekile, ezosusa i-chlorine. Uma kunokwenzeka, amanzi kufanele athathwe emthonjeni, echibini noma emfudlaneni.
4. Ebusika, isihlahla sama-orange siphumule, ngakho-ke izikhathi phakathi kokuchelela kufanele zanda.

Ungondla kanjani umuthi we-orange?

Ukuze kukhule kahle, izimbali kanye ne-fruiting, kubalulekile ukwenza umanyolo entwasahlobo nasehlobo, futhi kufanele kwenziwe njalo amasonto amabili. Kubalulekile ukupheka ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokunisela. Izitshalo zomuthi we-orange zithululwa aze aqale ukugeleza emigodini yokugeleza embizeni. Ungasebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhethekile ezenzelwe i-citrus noma uthathe izinketho zezitshalo zasendlini.

Abaningi bayomangala ngokuthi izitshalo ezindala, okuphakama kwazo kungaphansi kwemitha, zingadliwa nenhlanzi yesikhumba kanye ngenyanga. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuba uqinise ukulimala. Thatha ama-200 g wezinhlanzi noma izinhlanzi ezincane (hhayi usawoti), uthele ama-2 amalitha amanzi bese ubilise imizuzu engu-30. Emva kwalokhu, ikhambi kufanele lihlungwe futhi lihlanjululwe ngamanzi abandayo.

Ukudubula umuthi we-orange

Uma ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuzofinyelela ku-20 cm, kutuswa ukuba uhlanganise amaqabunga amabili avela phezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, amagatsha asetshenziswayo azokhula, enze umqhele omuhle. Zibhekwa njengamagatsha oku-oda okuqala futhi uma zinqunywe (kufanele kube namagatsha angu-4-5 ama-20-25 cm), khona-ke zizokwenza amagatsha omyalelo wesibili (ubude bawo abukho ngaphezu kuka-25 cm), njalonjalo. Usebenzisa lolu hlelo, ungakha umuthi we-orange ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi isihlahla emashumini ambalwa sakha amagatsha amaningi ngomyalelo wesihlanu, ngoba kuzokwakhiwa izithelo.

Ungayifaka kanjani umuthi we-orange?

Kungcono ukwenza leyo nqubo entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, lapho uhlelo lwempande lungeke luvezwe ekushiseni kokushisa. Ungakwazi ukufaka isitshalo ebhodweni noma ngqo emhlabathini. Kubalulekile ukwenza konke ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande.

1. Dweba umthombo wesayizi ofanele. Ukwengeza izimali zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomhlabathi kanye nomquba awukhuthazwa, ngaphandle kwezimo lapho inhlabathi inesihlabathi esikhulu noma i-clayey. Thatha umuthi wase-orange we-home kanye ne-lump, uphendule imbiza bese uphambisa umhlaba. Beka emgodini, gcwalisa umhlabathi uphinde uwubeke. Qaphela ukuthi ingxenye ephezulu ye-coma yezimpande kufanele ibe yi-2.5-3 cm ngaphansi komhlaba ozungezile.
2. Uma ukhetha ibhodlela, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ubungakanani bayo kufanele bube kabili ngokukhulu njengokwesikhumba. Inqubo ifana neyaphambilini, okungukuthi, umuthi we-orange kufanele udluliselwe esitsheni esisha. Akunakwenzeka ukufeza inqubo izikhathi ezingaphezu kweyodwa njalo eminyakeni 2-3.

Izifo zomuthi we-orange

Lesi siko sinomthelela wezinhlobo eziningi zezifo zefungal, kodwa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lokhu kuthinteka izitshalo ezibuthakathaka ezingenakekelwa kahle. Kukhona amathiphu wokuthi ungasindisa kanjani umuthi we-orange:

1. Ukubola komsuka kwenzeka ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile kanye noketshezi olunomsoco ebhodweni. Lesi sifo siqala ngokungaqondakali kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga eqala ukuwa ngokushesha. Kulesi simo, isitshalo kufanele sitshalwe kabusha, sisuse izimpande ezibolile.
2. I-fungus emnyama ivela emaqabeni nasemagatsheni njengendlela yokugqoka emnyama. Isusiwe futhi kufanele ibe nephutha umoya. Kunconywa ukunciphisa amandla okuchelela.
3. Isikali esihlahleni se-orange siboniswa emaqabunga ngendlela yama-bulges ombala omnyama. Ngenxa yalokho, bawa, kanye nokuqhekeka. Ukuze ususe inkinga, udinga ukusebenzisa i- copper sulfate noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-fungicides. Ukufafaza kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ngemuva kokucubungula. Kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga abagulayo namagatsha bese uwashisa.
4. Ukuguqulwa kwesibhakela kushukumisa ukubunjwa phezu kwamahlumela okukhula, kanye namaqabunga - ama-gray warts. Ukuze ulwe, ungasebenzisa i-Bordeaux fluid for spraying emva ubusika, izimbali kanye phakathi nehlobo.
5. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sihlahla singathinteka cishe zonke izinambuzane futhi kaningi izihlangu zivela. Ukuze silwe kuyadingeka ukuphambanisa nezinambuzane .