Isisu singukutheleleka kwamagciwane emathumbu omzimba okuthinta amathumbu amakhulu. Ezinganeni kuze kube unyaka, isifo somzimba singavamile ukutholakala, ngokuvamile lesi sifo senziwa ezinganeni ezindala.
I-dysentery ivela kanjani?
I-agent causative yamathambo yi-shigella. Le nduku e-dysenteric iyasebenza kakhulu, igcinwe imvelo isikhathi eside futhi iphindaphinda ekudleni. I-Shigella imelana namanye amaqembu ama-antibiotic futhi cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-sulfonamide.
Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa ngomzila we-fecal-ngomlomo ovela egulayo noma e-bacteriostatic kuya enempilo. Ngokuvamile abahlakazeli bama-bacteria yizimpukane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezingenzeka zokudlulisela i-shigella ngokusebenzisa ukudla namanzi. Isibonelo, izimo ezihlukahlukene eziphuthumayo emigwaqweni yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi zivame ukubangela ukuqubuka okukhulu kakhulu kwalesi sifo. Isifo samathambo kubantu sithiwa "ukugula kwezandla ezingcolile", futhi leli gama lilungile.
Amacala amaningi kakhulu e-dysentery ahlonishwa ezinyangeni zasehlobo, ikakhulukazi ngoJulayi no-Agasti. Izibeletho zivame ukutheleleka ngoSepthemba.
Izimpawu zamathambo ezinganeni
Ubude benkathi yokufakelwa ukukhipha isifo yizinsuku ezingu-2-3, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha izinsuku ezingu-7. Kakade ngesikhathi sokukhushulwa, abantwana bangase babonise izimpawu ezinjengesisu sokunciphisa ukudla, izinhlungu zekhanda kanye nezinhlungu zesisu, kanye ne-plaque emhlophe ngolimi.
Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sifo sithola ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi ngemibono yokudakwa ngokweqile. Ingane iyisifo somkhuhlane, inesisindo futhi ihlale izwa ubuhlungu obunzima obukhulu emzimbeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhlungu besisu buyancipha futhi buba yinkimbinkimbi, kutholakala ezindaweni ezingezansi. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwengane kuhlinzeka inqubo yokuhlukumeza, njengoba ubuhlungu bokudonsa bunikezwa i-sacrum, kuqhubeke ngisho nemizuzu emihlanu kuya kwemihlanu emva kokuhamba kwamathumba. Kunezifiso ezingamanga, futhi emva kwesenzo sokuhlukunyezwa kukhona umuzwa wokuphelele kwawo. Esikhathini samathumbu amakhulu, ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwesisu somntwana, kuvezwa izinzwa ezibuhlungu, futhi esifundeni se-sigmoid colon ngisho ne-spasm emathunjini.
"Ngendlela enkulu" izinyane eligulayo lihamba izikhathi ezingu-10 ngosuku. Ekuqaleni, isitokisi sinokubonakala komzimba, kepha kungekudala singabona ukungcola kwe-mucus negazi. Nge-dysentery enamandla, i-defecation ivele kuphela nge-mucus negazi.
Indima ehola ekuxilongweni kwamathambo yilezi zinkinga yokuhlolwa kwamagciwane. Lesi sifo sinezinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngesimo sayo somoya omnene futhi sine-8-9 ngempumelelo ephumelelayo yesikhumba esinamandla.
Ukwelashwa kwamathambo ezinganeni
Ukudla okuqinile kuyisici esiyinhloko sokwelapha isisu emantwaneni. Kusukela kokudla komntwana, abazali kufanele bakhiphe ukudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu lemifino yefriji futhi elicasula isisu. Ukudla kufanele kuphekwe kahle futhi kube nomhlabathi ohambelana nomuntu. I-porridge yamanzi, isobho, inyama nenhlanzi zikhethwa. Izinsana ezidla ukudla okungeziwe kanye nezindleko, zivunyelwe kuphela izingxube zobisi ezibomvu, ama-porridges asekelwe kumhluzi wemifino kanye ne-cottage ushizi. Yidla izingxenye ezincane njalo ngamahora angu-2-3. Ukudla okujwayelekile ingane kufanele ilinganiswe phakathi nenyanga ngemuva kokuphumula.
Ngendlela encane yokumama, ukufakwa esibhedlela kwengane akudingekile, kodwa ngesifo somzimba obuphakathi nesimo esibi angeke sigwenywe, kanye nokwelashwa. Ukuzikhethela kwamalungiselelo kwenziwa ngudokotela ozayo ngenxa yemiphumela etholakalayo yokucwaninga kwamagciwane kanye nezici zengane. Amantombazane angakapheli ngonyaka avame ukushiwo i-ampicillin, nezingane ezindala - i-furazolidone, i-nalidixic acid noma i-bactrim. Ezifweni ezinzima, i-rifampicin noma i-gentamicin elawulwa yi-intramuscularly eneminyaka yobudala.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukutheleleka emathunjini emathunjini, ngesifo samathambo kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukungcola komzimba wengane.
Ngemuva kokululama, kubalulekile ukubuyisela i-microflora yamathumbu, okusizwa ngama-bacterial preparations bifikol ne-bifidumbacterin amasonto amabili kuya kwangu-4. Ukusebenzisa kahle nemikhiqizo ye-lactic equkethe i-bifidobacteria.
I-prophylaxis yamathambo
Isisu, njengezo zonke izifo, kuvinjelwe kangcono kunokuphathwa. Ngakho-ke, bonke abazali kufanele bazi ngezindlela zokuvimbela isisu emantwaneni. Unganaki ukugeza izandla zomntwana kukho konke ukudla, ukugeza izithelo nemifino. Ubisi namanzi kufanele kubiliswe, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha amanzi emithonjeni evulekile, nobisi uthengwa emakethe noma esitolo. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, zihlukanise ingane yakho ukuze lesi sifo singasakazeki kuye siye kwamanye amalungu omndeni.