Ezinye izingane eziphakathi kwamahora angu-24 no-72 zibonisa izimo zokugula - ukwanda kwegazi kusuka kwilonda lomzimba, emathunjini, esiswini. Iqembu lezimiso ezifanayo ezivela ezinganeni ezingu-0.2-0.5% zibizwa ngokuthi yizifo ezibangelwa yi-neonatal. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo siwumphumela wokuntuleka kwevithamini K emincintweni yomzimba. Ezinganeni ezisanda kubelethwa, lesi sifo singabonakala ngesonto lesithathu lokuphila. Lokhu kungenxa yobukhona obusweni lwe-thromboplastin - isici sokugaya igazi. Isifo esibulalayo sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa esibonakala kulolu suku kubhekwa njengasekupheleni kwesikhathi.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo: ukusebenzisana okuyisisekelo ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, ukuthuthukisa ukungenwa kwe-vitamin K, kanye nokubili, lapho i-preterm kanye nezingane ezibuthakathaka ezisebenza ngokubuthakathaka ezisebenza kahle zitholakala kalula. Abantwana abangaba ngu-5% bahlushwa izinga lokunciphisa ama-K-vitamin-dependent factors, uma umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa wathatha ama-antibiotics, aspirin, izidakamizwa ze-phenobarbital noma i-anticonvulsant ezithinta umsebenzi we-hepatic. Esiqenjini esengozini kukhona nabantwana abanomama ababhekene ne-toxicosis, i-enterocolitis ne-dysbacteriosis ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi.
Isithombe somtholampilo nokuxilongwa
Njengoba i-diathesis eyingozi kakhulu, izingane zizwa ukuphuma kwegazi, ukuphuma kwamathumbu, ukulimaza esikhumbeni, nokulimala. Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo esikhumbeni kuthiwa i-purpurea emithi. Ukuthola ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini kukhishwa esihlalweni - isitokisini esikudosi kumnyama ngesigubhu segazi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuhambisana nokuhlanza igazi. Ngokuvamile, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini kungashadile futhi kungavunyelwe. Ifomu elimangalisayo lihambisana nokuphuma okuqhubekayo kusukela ku-anus, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kwegazi. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuphuma kwegazi kungenzeka. Ngeshwa, imiphumela yesifo esibi kakhulu sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokungabikho kokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyingozi - ingane iyafa ngokushaqeka. Ifomu lesibili lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuba khona kokutheleleka kanye ne- hypoxia . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo sofuba, amaphaphu, kanye nama-ventricles of the brain kungatholakala.
Ukuthola izifo zesifo esibulalayo sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuncike emtholampilo wedatha kanye nemiphumela yezifundo ezalandela (i-blood smear, i-thrombotest, isibalo seplatelet, umsebenzi wezinto zokuqhaqhazela kanye ne-hemoglobin). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umntwana osanda kuzalwa uhlolwe enye i-diathesis enamandla kakhulu: i-hemophilia, isifo se-Willebrand, i-thrombastenia.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela
Uma inkinga yalesi sifo ilula, khona-ke lesi sifo siyakwamukeleka. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuguqulwa kube ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ezinzima okwenzekayo.
Ukwelashwa kwanoma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi ezinganeni zokuqala kwezinsuku zokuphila kuqala ngejojo le-vitamine K, okuyinto umzimba ongenakho. Kubalulekile ukuqapha i-thrombotest ukuqapha ukulungiswa kwezici zokuvimbela i-K-vitamin-dependent dependent.
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kuqukethe umjovo owodwa weVikasol ezinganeni, ezazalwa ngokukhulelwa ne- toxicosis . Ku-prophylaxis efanayo, izinsana nazo ziyadingeka esimweni se-asphyxia ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa okungahambi kahle noma ukutheleleka kwe-intrauterine.
Abesifazane abaye babe nezifo ezehlukene esikhathini esidlule ezihlobene nokukhulelwa kwamanzi noma ukukhula kwegazi kumele kuhlolwe phakathi nokukhulelwa.