Impi yeThrojani kanye namaqhawe ayo - amangakwane kanye nezinganekwane

Amanga nemigomo yeGrisi Yamandulo imelela isendlalelo esikhulu samasiko, esasikhumbuza izingqondo ososayensi, izazi-mlando, abavubukuli. Impi YeTrojan - isenzakalo esicacile kunazo zonke esenzeka esikhathini esidala, esichazwe ngomlomo emisebenzini yakhe ethi "Odyssey" no "Iliad" umlandisi wasendulo wamaGreki uHomer.

Ingabe iMpi YeThrojani iyinqiniso noma inganekwane?

Izazi-mlando kuze kube sekhulwini le-XVIII. becabanga ukuthi impi yeThrojani ibe yinkimbinkimbi efundisayo, ukuzama ukuthola izindlela zeTroy lasendulo akuzange kuholele emiphumeleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi inganekwane iyindaba exhomeke kumaqiniso langempela nokubukwa kwabantu emhlabeni obazungezile. Kuvela emithonjeni ukuthi impi yaqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-13 le-12. BC, lapho ukucabanga komuntu kwakuyinganekwane: empeleni, indawo ebalulekile yabelwa onkulunkulu, imimoya yemvelo.

Impi ende yeTrojan, i-apple yokuphikisana iyinhlangano eyinhloko yezinganekwane zesakhiwo seTroy. Kule ndawo yonke, kusukela ngekhulu le-XIX. izazi-mlando zibona ku-Warrior imicimbi yangempela-yokuphila, kodwa hhayi eTroy ngokwayo. Ukubukwa okuhlukile koososayensi:

1. UFr. Rückert (umcwaningi waseJalimane) waphakamisa ukuthi iMpi YeTrojan yayiyikho, kodwa abalingiswa bayo baqaphele ngokuphelele abafuduki be-Achaean abazimisele ukukhazimulisa okhokho babo.
2. UP.Cauer (ososayensi waseJalimane) wayebheke iMpi YaseTrojan, eguqulwe yimpi yamaKoloniyali ase-Aeolian nabakhileyo e-Asia Minor.

Izinganekwane ze-War War

AmaGreki ayekholelwa ukuthi uTroy wakhiwa onkulunkulu uPoseidon no-Apollo. INkosi Priam, eyabusa uTroy, yayinomcebo omkhulu nenzalo eningi. Emgqeni wezinganekwane zeMpi YeTrojan, izenzakalo eziningana ezilandelanayo zihlangene, okuye kwaba yimbangela enkulu yokuwa kweTroy:

1. Umkami okhulelwe we-Priam - Hecuba wabona iphupho: ngesikhathi sokubeletha, wakhiqiza umlilo ovuthayo lapho uTroy ashiswa khona. Isikhathi sesifikile - uHecuba wabeletha umfana omuhle waseParis futhi wamyisa ehlathini, lapho athathwa khona futhi wakhulelwa umalusi.
2. Emshadweni we-Argonaut Peleus kanye nama-nymphe aThetis, bakhohlwa ukumema unkulunkulukazi wokuhlukana u-Eris. Ngentukuthelo ngokungahloniphi, u-Eris wadala "i-apple yokuphikisana" nokubhalwe "Okuhle Kakhulu", okubangela ukungezwani phakathi kwalaba abathathu: Aphrodite, Athena noHero. UZeus wayala uHermes ukuba athole iParis, ngakho wahlulela ukuthi ubani ozokwenza isithelo. I-apula yafika ku-Aphrodite, ngenxa yesithembiso sakhe sokunikeza i-Paris uthando lomfazi omuhle kunabo bonke emhlabeni kaHelen. Lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala kweMpi Ye-Trojan.

Izinganekwane zokuqala kweMpi YeTrojan

U-Elena Le ndoda enhle engumlando we-Trojan War, wayenguwesifazane oshadile, owayethandwa isikhathi eside nguMeneus - inkosi yaseSpartan. UParis, lapho eqinisekile ukusekelwa kuka- Aphrodite , wafika eSparta ngesikhathi uMeneus efuna ukuhamba ngomkhumbi eKrete, ezokwethula izinsalela zikayise omkhulu uKatreia. UMeneus wathola lesi sivakashi ngenhlonipho futhi wahamba ohambweni lwakhe. UHelen, owayesezizwele eParis, wahamba naye waya eTroy, ehamba naye engcebweni yomyeni wakhe.

Umqondo wesithunzi uMeneus wahlupheka, futhi ubuhlungu bokukhaphela owesifazane othandekayo wakhe - yilokho okwakusungulwa iMpi yeTrojan. UMenelaus uqoqa ibutho emkhankasweni wokulwa noTroy. Kukhona esinye isizathu se-Trojan War, esinye se-prosaic esisodwa - iTroy saphazamise ukushintshaniswa nokuhweba kwe-Ancient Greece namanye amazwe.

Iminyaka engakanani uMpi weThrojani wahlala?

Ibutho, elinamasosha angaphezu kuka-100 000 emikhumbi engu-1186 ngaphansi kokuhola kukaMeneus nomfowabo u-Agamemnon, baqhubeka nomkhankaso wezempi. Ngabe isikhathi seMpi yeTrojan sihlala isikhathi esingakanani, kunenganekwane. Ekusebenzeni komhlatshelo ku-Ares, inyoka yaphuma ngaphansi kwe-altare, yakhuphuka esihlahleni eya esidlekeni esidlule futhi yadla inyoni yonke yezinyoni ezingu-8 kanye nowesifazane, yaphenduka yaba ngamatshe. Umpristi Kalhant wabikezela iminyaka engu-9 yempi nokuwa kweyishumi eTroy.

Ubani owawuthola iMpi Ye-Trojan?

Umlando weMpi YeThrojani yaqala kumaGreki anechungechunge lwezimpikiswano: imikhumbi yathathwa ngaphesheya, emazweni aseMsia futhi ngephutha iNkosi King Fersander, umlingani waseSparta, yabulawa, abantu baseThebes baphuma baphikisana nabahlukumezi. Ibutho laseSparta lalahlekelwa kakhulu. Lapho efika eTroy, iminyaka engu-9 kwakuvinjezelwe kakhulu inqaba. I-Paris noMeneus bahlangane nomsindo othukuthele, lapho iParis ibhubha khona.

U-Odysseus ubona iphupho, lapho u-Athena enikeza iseluleko sendlela yokuthatha iTroy. Ihhashi lezinkuni lenziwe, lasala eduze kwesango lenkamba, futhi amasosha ngokwawo ahamba esuka ogwini laseTroy. AmaTrojans ajabulisayo agibela ihhashi elimnyama egcekeni futhi aqala ukugubha ukunqoba. Ebusuku, ihhashi leThrojani lavulwa, amaqhawe agijimela ngaphandle, avula amasango enqabeni yonke indawo, futhi kwabulawa izakhamuzi ezilele. Abesifazane nezingane bathunjwa. Ngakho wehla Troy.

I-Trojan War namaqhawe ayo

Imisebenzi kaHomer ichaza izenzakalo ezimangalisayo zaleyo minyaka njengengxabano yabantu abanamandla abavikela ilungelo lomuntu ngamunye emzabalazweni wamandla nenjabulo. Amaqhawe adumile e-War War:

1. U-Odysseus - inkosi yase-Ithaca, kanye nomngani waseSinon waba nombono wehhashi "iThrojani".
2. UHector uyinhloko yesikhulu seTroy. Ubulale umngane we-Achilles - Patroclus.
3. I-Achille hero yeMpi YeTrojan ekuvinjezelweni kwenqaba yabulala amasosha angu-72. Ukulimala ngokufa nguParis esithendeni somcibisholo ka-Apollo.
4. UMenelaus ubulala eParis, ukhulula u-Elena waya eSparta.