Iso liyi-system optical lapho imisebe yokukhanya igxila kwi-retina, idala izithombe. Ubude obuvamile obubhekene neso lomuntu buyi-23.5 mm, kodwa kwezinye izimo kukhona ukwephulwa kwalesi sigxile esibucayi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izinkinga nombono. Lesi sifo esivame kakhulu kunazo zonke yi-myopia, noma njengoba kubizwa ngokuthi - myopia.
Iyini i-degree degree myopia?
Ezokwelapha, i-myopia ihlukaniswe yaba ama-degrees amathathu: ababuthakathaka, abaphakathi nabanzima.
Nge-degree-degree myopia, i-acuity ebonakalayo ihlukahluka kusuka ku--3 kuya ku -6 diopters.
Uma i-myopia yezinga elibuthakathaka lingeke lidale ukungakhululeki okukhethekile futhi esiteji sokuqala akudingi ngisho nokugqoka izibuko noma amalensi, khona-ke ngamadivaysi aphakathi kwe-degree myopia (izibuko noma amalensi) ayadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinga elinikeziwe le-myopia, ama-pair of glasses avame ukushiwo: eyodwa yokulungiswa okuphelele, ibanga, kanye ne-1.5-3 diopters encane yokufunda nokusebenza ngezinhloso ezitholakala eduze. Futhi, ngokuqala ngezinga elijwayelekile, ama-bifocals avame ukusetshenziswa: okungukuthi, izibuko nama-lens ahlangene, lapho engxenyeni engenhla kukhona amalensi anamandla, wokubuka izinto ezikude, futhi ezansi-ezibuthakathaka, ngokufunda.
I-Myopia yezinga eliphakathi ne-astigmatism
I-Astigmatism enye ukulimazeka kombono, okuvela eqinisweni lokuthi i-cornea inesimo esingavamile. Ngakho-ke, amandla ayo okubuyisa angahluka, futhi ama-ray awagxilwanga endaweni eyodwa, kodwa eziningana. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto zihlanekeziwe futhi zilahlekelwa ukucaca. I-Astigmatism ingazibonakalisa ngokwayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ibonakala kanye ne-myopia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phambi kwe-myopia, i-astigmatism ingabonakali ekuqaleni. Kodwa uma ungakwazi ukulungisa i-myopia ngama-lens avamile, i-astigmatism ingenzeka. Kulesi simo, ukubuyisela ubuciko obubonakalayo obubonakalayo, ama-lens akhethekile adingekayo, ayilungisi nje ukubona okuncane, kodwa futhi nalesi siphene.
Ukwelashwa kwe-degree degree myopia
Ukulungisa ukusondela kwindlela ngezindlela zokwelapha akunakwenzeka. Umuntu angabuyisela ubuciko obubonakalayo ngosizo lwamadivaysi okulungisa okukhethekile: izibuko noma amalensi, kodwa akakho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, physiotherapy, ukuvocavoca kwamehlo akuhlosile ukwelashwa, kodwa ekugcineni umbono nokuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia.
Uma kukhona i-myopia engekho eqhubekayo yezinga eliphakathi kwamehlo womabili, khona-ke umbono ungalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa. Umsebenzi ovame kakhulu ukulungisa i-degree myopia yokulinganisela ukulungiswa kombono we-laser. Ngesiza salolu laser, isimo se-cornea shintsha, okwenza kube lens eyengeziwe futhi kusiza ukuthola ukugxila okulungile.
Uma umbono uhlaselwa yi-diopter engaphezu kwe-1 ngonyaka, kuthiwe nge-myopia eqhubekayo yezinga eliphakathi. I-myopia enjalo nekhathi, uma ingayeki ukuthuthukiswa kwayo, iya ezingeni elibi. Uma izindlela zokuzimela zingavumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo kungenakwenzeka, bese uqala ukufaka ukungenelela ngokushesha, kodwa inhloso yayo ngokuyinhloko ukunciphisa ukuwohloka
Ukulinganiselwa okulinganiselwe ukulinganisela i-myopia
Ngesilinganiso se-myopia esilinganiselwe, imidlalo kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela kunezinga eliphansi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugwema imithwalo eningi ngokweqile, ngakho-ke iziphetho mayelana nokuvuma kwemidlalo ethile kufanele zithathwe yi-oculist.
Abantu abasha abaqashwe ebuthweni, abane-degree degree myopia, bahlelwa esigabeni B futhi babhekwa njengokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe.