- Ikheli: Caral, Peru
- Iwebhusayithi: caralperu.gob.pe
- Isikhathi sokuvakashela : 09 : 00 kuya ku-17: 00
I-Peru ingenye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo nezingaqondakali emhlabeni. Phela, bekukhona lapho sathola khona izikhumbuzo ezinjengobuciko ezinjengoMachu Picchu , iKauachi , iSasiaaman , Ollantaytambo , ama geoglyphe amakhulu amaNazi namadolobha edolobha laseKaral, noma iKaral-Supe. Idolobha laseCoral libhekwa njengedolobha lasendulo laseMelika, elakhiwe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokufika emaphethelweni asekoloni laseSpain.
Umlando wedolobha lasendulo
Amanxiwa edolobheni lasendulo laseKaral ase-Valley of the Supe. Ngokuphatha, libhekisela esifundazweni sasePeruvia saseBarranco . Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, umuzi wawusebenza esikhathini esukela ku-2600 kuya ku-2000 BC. Naphezu kwalokhu, iKaral isesimo esihle kakhulu, ngakho-ke yisibonelo sokuhlelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuhlelwa kwedolobha kwempucuko yasendulo yase-Andean. Kungenxa yokuthi lokhu ngo-2009 kwakubhalwe ohlwini lweMagugu Yezwe Lwase-UNESCO.
I-Karal ingenye yezindawo ezingu-18 ezinkulu zokuvubukula, ezihlukaniswa nezakhiwo ezinkulu kanye nezindawo ezigcinwe kahle. Isici esiyinhloko salezi zikhumbuzo kuba khona kwamapulatifomu amancane nemibuthano yamatshe, ebonakala ngokucacile kusukela ekuphakameni. Lesi sitayela sezakhiwo sivame ukufika esikhathini se-1500 BC. Ngo-2001, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe obusha, kwakhiwa ukuthi umuzi wawukhona cishe ngo-2600-2000 BC. Kodwa, ngokusho kososayensi, ezinye izidumbu zemivubukulo zingase zikhule kakhulu.
Izici zamanxiwa we-Caral
Insimu yeKaral idlulisa amakhilomitha angu-23 ukusuka ogwini loMfula iSupe endaweni egwadule. Iphethe amahektha angaphezu kwangu-66 umhlaba lapho kwakukhona khona abantu abangaba ngu-3 000. Ukuthungwa kule ndawo kuye kwaqhutshwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinto ezilandelayo zitholakala lapha:
- amapiramidi ayisithupha azungeze isikwele esiphakathi;
- amantombazane emidlalo yaseshashalazini yasendulo;
- Indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala e-Elite yedolobha lasendulo.
Isikwele sedolobha laseKaral ngokwayo ngamamitha ayizigremu ayizinkulungwane ezingu-607. Yakha izindlu nezindlu. Kukholelwa ukuthi iKaral ingenye yezindlela ezinkulu kakhulu eNingizimu Melika ngesikhathi amaPiramidi aseGibhithe akha. Kubhekwa njengomboniso wemizi yonke yempucuko yase-Andean, ngakho-ke isifundo sazo singaba yinkomba kwezinye izindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezivubukulwa.
Izinhlelo zokunisela zitholiwe ensimini yedolobha laseKaral ePeru , okufakazela ingqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe. Ukubheka okutholakala esidala, abantu abasebenza kwezolimo, okungukuthi ukutshala ama-avocado, ubhontshisi, amazambane, ummbila namathanga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokumba, akukho zikhali noma izikhali ezitholakala endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuthola okuthakazelisayo kunazo zonke zamanxiwa eKaral kufaka:
- Izimpondo ezenziwe ngamathambo angama-pelican ne-condor;
- izimpondo ezenziwe ngamathambo ezinyamazane;
- izikhwama zemikhosi;
- imihlobiso ematshe.
Lapha ensimini yedolobha lasendulo laseKaral ePeru, kwatholakala amasampula enqwaba. Leli phepha le-nodular elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa nokugcina ulwazi ezinsukwini zemiphakathi ye-Andean. Konke okutholakala embukisweni kuwubufakazi bokuthi le mpucuko yayithuthukile kangakanani eminyakeni eyi-5000 edlule.
Ungafika kanjani?
Azikho izindiza eziqondile ezivela enhlokodolobha yasePeru kuya eCaral. Ukuze uyivakashele, kungcono ukubhuka ukuvakasha . Uma ukhetha ukuya khona wedwa, kuzodingeka uthathe ibhasi ukusuka eLima ukuya edolobheni laseSupe Pablo, futhi ukusuka lapho thatha itekisi. Abashayeli bamatekisi bavame ukulethwa emnyango ongaphakathi, lapho ungafinyelela khona emanxiweni eKaral ngemizuzu engu-20. Kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ngemuva kwe-16: 00 izivakashi azivunyelwe ukungena ensimini yesikhumbuzo.
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