Phakathi kwabalimi, i-gerbera engadini iyathandwa, ukutshala nokuyinakekela kungenziwa kokubili ekhaya nasezindaweni ezivulekile futhi kudinga ukuqaliswa kwemithetho ethile. Lesi sitshalo sibhekwa njengento enhle futhi ngaphandle kokubheka ama-agrotechnics athile kunzima ukuthola amaqabunga amahle kakhulu.
Ibukeka kanjani i-gerbera engadini?
I-gerbera yensimu enemibala iyisiko esingapheli nesigamu esifushane kanye ne-rosette yamaqabunga aqine kakhulu anamacebo aqondisiwe. I-inflorescences yayo emikhulu, elula kakhulu yizinkinobho eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-multilayer eneziko eliphuzi, elifana ne-chamomile. Umbala wezinyawo uphezulu kakhulu - kusuka kumhlophe kuya kufompe (ngaphandle kweluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Ukuphakama kwamahlathi kufinyelela ku-30-50 cm, ububanzi be-corolla buyi-15 cm. Izimbali zaseJerbera zasenhlahleni kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, ngalesi sikhathi kuze kube ngu-20 efihlekile. Izimbali ezinemibala enqanyuliweyo azilahlekelwa ukuheha kwazo isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobo ze-gerbera engadini
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80 zama-gerberas, ezingafani ngobukhulu nezinhlobo zamabhasikidi, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu - ngezimbali ezinkulu nezincane. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- UJameson - ukhokho wazo zonke izinhlobo. Le gerbera ibheka ikakhulukazi insimu ensimini, ngoba inesitshalo esikhulu kanye namafihledi amakhulu - kufika ku-15 cm ububanzi. Imibala ihluke, amabhasikidi ayesibhakabhaka, elula noma enaliti;
- I-Wright - ikhulile ukusika nokudala izimbali, ihluma kuze kube yilapho ibanda kakhulu;
- I-Abyssinian , ngaphandle efana ne-chamomile - emhlophe nge-core yellow;
- izinhlobo ezincane ezinamanzi nezinhlanzi ezinjenge- Alcor nombala omnyama we-cherry no- Aldebaran onobhasikidi obomvu obomvu;
- izinhlobo ezincane ezihlanjululwe ezinhlobonhlobo zehlobo lwaseMelika uhlobo lweVega noma i- Migar elinamacici omnyama;
- izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinamapulangwe amakhulu- Mars - nombala obomvu obomvu we-inflorescences;
- Izilwane ezinkulu ezinamahlumela amakhulu - Delios , Peter , Romeo ;
- izinhlobo ze-terry kanye nemizuzu emibili enezikhala ezincane - uKalinka , Sonia , Viola ;
- izinhlobo ze-terry nezemibili ezinamahlombe amakhulu - i- Spark ebomvu emnyama;
- Izinhlobonhlobo ezinomnyama omnyama - uVincent noma u- Arendgost zithandwa kakhulu .
I-Garden gerbera - ukufika
I-gerberas engadini ehlobisa i-photophilous, ukutshala nokuyinakekelwa yenziwa ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka emisebeni yelanga isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka emini. Khona-ke imbali ngeke isule ngokuqinile, iyofinyelela usayizi oyifunayo nesici sokwehluka kombala. Ukuze uthole ukulimala ensimini, ukutshala nokuhlengikala kwenziwa yizimbewu ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Emva kwakho konke, uma ufaka imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile, ngeke babe nesikhathi sokuhlala phansi efrijini bese efa. Ngokukhiqizwa kwenzalo, isitshalo esibangelwayo singase sihluke kumzali wayo onemibala. Ukulungiselela amahlumela kuqala entwasahlobo.
Indlela yokutshala i-gerberas engadini?
Indlela yokukhulisa imbewu yensimu engapheliyo ye-gerbera:
- I-substrate engcono kakhulu yiqabunga, i-turf kanye ne-humus ku-1: 2: 1;
- imbewu ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini, izinga lokushisa elingelona ngaphansi kwe-18 ° C, elifakwe kuqala ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate;
- Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ebhokisini elikhethekile. Emgodleni wehlela imbewu, ufafaze i-peat, igubungele ngeglasi, udale izimo ze-greenhouse encane;
- ukutshala okumanzi ngamanzi afudumele kanye nomoya wansuku zonke;
- ngosuku 8 imbewu ihlume, khona-ke ingilazi ingasuswa;
- lapho imbewu ihluma ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngebani zezibani ezikhanyiswayo kuhlinzekwa;
- lapho amaqabunga 3-4 evela kuwo, amahlumela ashintshwe zibe izimbiza ezihlukene;
- lapho izithombo ziqiniswa futhi amaqabunga angu-4-5 avela kubo, angafakwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Uma ukutshala kubalulekile ukugwema ukujulisa intamo emhlabathini.
Ukutshala isikhathi gerberas engadini
Uma ufuna i-gerbera engadini ukuqhakaza kusayithi, ukutshala nokuhlengikala kwenziwa entwasahlobo - ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni embhedeni noma embhedeni, lapho kusongelwa khona ukudlula kwamaqhwa. Umhlabathi ngalesi sikhathi kufanele usuvuselele kahle. Imbewu iyalungiselelwa ngo-Mashi-Ephreli. Eqinisweni, izimbali zezitshalo zegadini zingatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngoba izithombo zikhulile endlini. Isikhathi sikhethwe kusukela ekubalweni ukuthi ama-buds wokuqala azovela ezinyangeni ezingu-10-11. Ukutshala isikhathi esitshalo sesitshalo emhlabathini kunciphisa isikhathi sokuvuna sesitshalo.
Gerberas ensimini - ukulima nokunakekelwa
Amasiko anothando futhi anethando, ayinakubekezelela isithwathwa. Indlela yokutshala i-gerberas engadini:
- Ezindaweni eziseningizimu ebusika, isihlahla sihlanganiswa noqweqwe olubanzi lwamagatsha noma amaqabunga amile. Entwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa lihla, impahla yokufudumala kumele isuswe.
- Ezindaweni ezibandayo ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba, i-gerbera ingadutshulwa futhi ihanjiswe kanye nesikhumba ebhodweni elinemithombo emihle ebusika. Beka isitsha osidingayo endaweni eyomile futhi epholile, ungasendaweni engaphansi. Lokhu kuyadingeka, ngoba esimweni esinzima sezulu, impahla yokumboza emhlabathini ovulekile ngeke isindise i-gerbera.
- Zandisa isitshalo ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla eneminyaka engu-3-4. Inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, shiya 2-3 amapheshana amancane ngayinye. Izitshalo zishisa ukuze ama rosette aphakame ngamaphesenti angu-1.5 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ama-buds ezihlahleni ezintsha azovela ngonyaka.
Umhlabathi wensimu ye-gerbera
Insimu yokuhlobisa i-gerberas yokudinga isidingo esivundile esincane esinobuthakathaka nesicwecwe kahle. Ngokutshala, ungalungisa ingxube yakho, uthathe izingxenye ezifanayo ze-peat, amahlamvu kanye nesihlabathi. Kuwusizo ukwengeza i-pine encane noma isikhuni sezinkuni ku-substrate, okuzokwenza ukuthi ihlanganiswe. Ungathenga umbukiso owenziwe ngomumo esitolo ukuze uthole i-rose - kufanelana kakhulu.
Garden flower gerbera - ukuchelela
Phakathi nokukhula okusebenzayo kwembali, udinga ukuchelela okubanzi. Idiza laseGerbera - ukunakekelwa okufanele ngokubhekisela:
- Ukuhlaziywa kufanele kube ukulinganisela - akukho ukuma, akukho ukufakwa kwamanzi inhlabathi akufanele ivumeleke. Uma kunamanzi anganamanzi emaqabunga, amaqabunga asomile, uma eqinile - iziqu ziqala ukubola.
- Emva kokuphela kwezimbali, ukugcoba kuncishisiwe, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukubekezelela ukomiswa kwezimpande.
- Uma kuphuza, kufanele siqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi amanzi awela phansi ngaphansi komsuka futhi angahlali emaqabunga, awazange agijime emgodini. Lokhu kungabangela ukubola kwesibhamu nokufa kwesitshalo.
- Ukuphuza ngamanzi okuma ekamelweni lokushisa, isihlahla esibandayo singagula futhi sibole.
- Ezinsukwini ezishisayo, umqhele ungafakwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
I-Garden gerbera - ukufaka umquba owengeziwe
Lezi zimbali zakhula ngokukhulayo, zidinga ukugqoka phezulu nokushiya. Insimu yaseGerbera - indlela yokunakekela nokondla:
- Njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, lesi sitshalo sikholwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali oketshezi olusetshenzisiwe ngokugcwele isethi sezinto ezilandelanayo. Ngesikhathi semifino esebenzayo, ukwakheka kukhuthaza ukukhula okukhulayo nokuchichima kwezimbali eziningi.
- Ukondla kwenziwa kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, kusukela ngoSeptemba bancishiswa kwaba kanye ngenyanga, ngoba ubusika bema nhlobo.
- Kuphikisana nokusebenzisa ama-formulations aqukethe i-chlorine, ihhashi, izinkukhu noma i-cow. Zithinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gerbera futhi ziholela ezifweni ezimpandeni.
Flowers garden gerberas - izifo kanye izinambuzane
I-garden gerbera enemibalabala, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okukhiqizwa emhlabathini ovulekile, obangelwa izifo nezinambuzane. Umlimi wezolimo kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi unakekelwa kahle ukuze agcine ukubukeka nokubukeka okunempilo. Izinkinga eziyinhloko zokulima:
- Ukwehla intamo yentamo. Isizathu siwukhunta emhlabathini kanye nokuqhuma kwamanzi. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi kusetshenziswe umhlabathi ogcwala kahle futhi ubheke umbuso wokunisela.
- Umkhuhlane we-Powdery. Isigqoko esimhlophe emaqabungeni sithinta ama-gerberas uma sikhulile ensimini ngesikhathi sokushisa ehlobo emazingeni aphezulu okushisa. Vikela futhi ululame kuyo kungaba nemithi ye-fungicidal esekelwe esibabule- "I-Topaz" noma "Fundazol."
- Grey ukubola. Ukubonakala kwalo kubangelwa umswakama okwanda, lesi sifo sithinta izimpande. Hlukanisa ukubola ngamalungiselelo akhethekile, isibonelo, "Fitosporin" noma "Roval". Ukucubungula isihlahla kudingekile ngokunembile - lapho ushaywa emaqabunga ikhambi lidala ukubunjwa kwamathambo amabi. Isixazululo sinconywa ukuthi sisetshenziselwe kokubili ukwelashwa nokuvimbela.
- Ama-aphid, isicabucabu se-spider . Ama-parasites angabangela ukufa kwesitshalo. Indlela yokubukeka kwayo yi-yellowing yamahlamvu, ukubola kwembali. Ungalondoloza isitshalo ngezinambuzane.