I-Diverticulum yesikhuhlane isifo lapho udonga lwama-oophagus luhamba ngendlela ye-sac noma i-tube blind. Ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi wokugwinya noma ukudlulisa ukudla ngokusebenzisa isifo kungase kuphelelwe amandla. Lesi sifo sithinta kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engu-40.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-diverticula esophageal
- Ngokwemvelaphi, i-diverticula ihlukaniswe ngokuthi:
- ukuzalwa;
- atholakele.
- i-diverticulum yokudonsa inhlanzi - isakhiwe ngenxa yokuqhuma kwe-mucosa ngaphansi kwethonya lokunyuka kwengcindezi enkulu ngaphakathi kokunciphisa isifo;
- i-divertical tratical - ibangelwa inqubo yokuvuvukala kwezicubu eziseduze kanye nokwakhiwa kwezibazi, elula zonke izingqimba zodonga lwe-esopha ezibhekene nendikimba ethintekile.
- i-diverticulum yangempela - yenziwa ngokufakaza kwazo zonke izingqimba zomzimba (mucosa, submucosa, izibilini zomzimba);
- i-diverticulum yamanga (pseudodiverticulum) - yenziwa kuphela yi-mucosa yesifo.
- ukuphazamiseka kwamaphesenti;
- i-epibronchial;
- i-epiphrenic.
Izimbangela ze-diverticulum esophageal
Imbangela ye-diverticula yokuzalwa ingaphansi kwe-membrane ye-muscular kanye nezicubu ezixhumene nayo. I-diverticula etholakalayo yenziwa ngezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile:
- ngenxa yesimiso sokuvuvukala (mediastenitis, isifo sofuba se-intrathoracic lymph nodes, ukuxoshwa okungapheli kwesisu ngaphakathi kwesifo, ukuhlukumezeka kwesisu ngenxa yomsebenzi, imiphumela yokushisa kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokunye);
- ngenxa yokusebenza kabi kwezimoto noma ubuthakathaka bomhlahlandlela wezicubu ohlangene ohlangothini lwezingqimba, oluhambisana nokuguga komzimba.
Izimpawu ze-esophageal diverticulum:
- iphunga elimnandi elimnandi elivela emlonyeni ;
- kunzima ukugwinya nokudlula ukudla;
- ukuvuselelwa (ngezinye izikhathi ukudla okudliwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule);
- ubuhlungu kusayithi localization of protrusion;
- ukuzwa kwe-coma, umzimba wangaphandle emqaleni;
- isicasuli;
- Ukushushiswa emqaleni;
- ukukhwehlela owomile (ikakhulukazi ebusuku);
- ukwehla.
I-pharyngeal esophageal diverticulum (i-diverticulum kaZenker) ingabonakala entanyeni ikhanda liboshwe emuva, elibhebhethekile (ukuthinta okuncane).
Ukuxilongwa kwe-diverticulum esophageal
Indlela eyinhloko yokuxilonga yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa yi-X-ray isifundo nge-sip ye-barium. Ngokuvamile, i-endoscopy ye-esophagus isetshenziswa ngenxa yengozi yokulimala ezindongeni zayo.
Indlela yokuphatha i-diverticulum ye-esophagus?
Ukwelashwa okuqaphayo kwe-diverticulum ye-esophageal kwenziwa ekwenzeni okuncane futhi kungabikho izinkinga.
Iphuzu elibalulekile ekwenzeni ukwelashwa ukugcina ukudla okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kokuchotshozwa ngokucophelela, ukudla okulula. Emva kokudla, kufanele nakanjani uphuze amanzi amancane noma itiye elingenayo i-unsketened "ukuhlwitha" i-diverticulum.
Ukwelashwa kwe-diverticulum ye-esophageal kuboniswa kula macala:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga (ukuphuma kwegazi, isisu sokuphefumula, ukubonakala kwe-fistula, ukuguqulwa, ukungena, njll);
- i-diverticula yobukhulu obukhulu;
- Ukudla okude isikhathi eside ku-diverticulum kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu bayo.
Okuyinhloko yokwelapha ukwelashwa ukukhipha ngokuphelele i-diverticulum. Muva nje, ekuhlinzekeni kwe-diverticula, izindlela zanamuhla zokususwa kwazo ngosizo lwezinkambiso ze-videotoroscopic ziyaqhubeka zanda.