I-Dyslexia ezinganeni yinkinga ethile yentuthuko ebonakala ngokulahlekelwa okuncane kokukwazi ukubhala nokufunda. Lesi sifo ezinganeni asivamile, futhi ngokuvamile kuvamile kubafana kunamantombazane. Kuze kube manje, izimbangela eziqondile ze-dyslexia azizange ziqondwe ngokugcwele. Iningi lososayensi lithandekile ukukholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo siwufa. Futhi, kwaziwa ukuthi i-dyslexia ingumphumela we-anomalies ekuthuthukiseni isimiso sezinzwa zomntwana esiyinhloko, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kokusebenzisana kwemisebenzi ethile yobuchopho. Izifundo eziningi ziqinisekisa ukuthi i-dyslexics inokuthuthukiswa okufanayo kokubili kwe-hemispheres yobuchopho, kuyilapho izingane ezinempilo i-hemisphere kwesokunxele ikhulu kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ze-dyslexia
- imisindo - ukuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi yehlelo lomculo;
- isi-semantic - ukwephulwa kokuqonda amagama afundwayo;
- i-agramatic - kukhona ukubiza okungalungile kokuphela kwamacala kanye nenani lebizo, kanye nokulingana okungalungile enombolweni, uhlobo lwesimo kanye nesimo segama nesichasiselo;
- i-optical - ibonakaliswe ezinkingeni zokuhlanganisa izinhlamvu ezifanisayo, kanye nokufaka endaweni yazo;
- mnestichesky - kunezinkinga zokufunda izinhlamvu.
I-Dyslexia inzima kakhulu ukuxilonga ezinganeni ngakho-ke kuphela isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kungenza ucwaningo olunembile.
I-dyslexia ibonakala kanjani?
Izimpawu zengqondo ye-dyslexia ingaba:
- enezinga eliphakeme lokuhlakanipha kwengane, amakhono okufunda ampofu ahlonishwa;
- ukuphinda amaphutha ngokubhala noma ukufunda;
- inkumbulo embi;
- ubunzima bokunquma phezulu naphansi, nakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla;
- ingane ishintsha ukuhleleka kwezinhlamvu ngamagama;
- ubunzima bokuzibonakalisa.
Indlela yokuphatha i-dyslexia?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-dyslexia, ejwayelekile ezikoleni ezincane, ayinakuphulukiswa, kodwa kungenzeka ukusiza ukubhekana nezinkinga zesifo ingane engase ibe nayo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kungcono ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokufunda - ingane ifunda ukuqaphela amagama, kanye namakhono okukhomba izingxenye zawo. Ngokuqinisekile, ukulungiswa kusebenza kahle ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwe-dyslexia, futhi ukuvimbela kwayo kuvumela ukuveza ukwehluleka kokunikezwa kwesiphambano futhi kuqukethe ukucubungula kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ngesifo esinjalo, imithi ine-efficacy engaqinisekisiwe futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo akukhuthazwa.