Njengoba bethi, akukho mncane ngaphandle kokuhle. Impela umlando wayo wokubhekakade u- Estonia unelungelo eliyigugu elikhulu lamasiko nezakhiwo. Umbuso omncane onendawo enhle kakhulu ubelokhu "ucezwana oluhlwabusayo" omakhelwane abanobuthakathaka nabahahayo. Ngezikhathi ezahlukene, ama-Estoni ase-Estonia, amaJalimane, amaCreus, amaDanes, abathengisi be-Hanseatic League, amaK Knights we-Livonian Order noMbuso waseRussia bamisa amandla emazweni ase-Estonia. Yingakho izinqaba zase-Estonia zasendulo zimeleleka ezihlukahlukene kangaka.
Izinqaba ezinkulu nezinqaba eziphakeme zakhiwe lapha ngama-knights kanye nababhishobhi, ukuze baqinise isikhundla sabo esiphakeme kuleli zwe futhi bazivikele ngokumelene nabanye abahlaseli emandleni. Kanye nezindlela zokuzivikela ezivikela impi ebalazweni lase-Estonia, kwakhiwa izindlu ezintsha, ezakhiwa ngabanikazi bezindlu abacebile nabathengisi. Wonke umuntu wayefuna ukuba ngumnikazi wesigodlo esihle kunazo zonke, ukuklanywa nokuhlobisa kwefa kuheha abakhi bezinye izizwe nabahlobiso abadumile. Ngenxa yokuhaha nokungabi nalutho kwabantu abacebile basendulo, manje sinethuba lokubonga ubuhle obungavamile bezindlovu zasendulo.
Namuhla e-Estonia kunamakhosi ama-medieval angaba ngu-60, kanye nama-manor nama-manors angaphezulu kuka-1000 (izindlu ezinamakhanda ase-suburban ezakhiwe ngekhulu le-XIX, okuvame ukutjengiswa njengezingqimba zama-knight). Vumelana, kakhulu kakhulu ezweni elincane lendawo engamakhilomitha angu-45 kuphela km².
Izinqaba zase-Estonia
Izinqaba ezakhiwe yi-Knights ye-Livonian Order, ensimini ye-Estonia kakhulu. Zihluka ngobukhulu, ubuciko, izici zokuklama kanye nezinga lokuphepha.
Sikunikeza ukukhethwa kwezakhiwo ezidumile kunazo zonke ezisendayo:
- I-Viljandi Castle - kanye kanye nenqaba enkulu kunazo zonke e-Order, yabhujiswa ngenkathi iMpi yasePolish-IsiSwidi futhi namhlanje imelelwa kuphela ngamanxiwa asendulo;
- I-Herman Castle (Narva) iyisakhiwo sokuqala samatshe salo hlobo, esakhiwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-14, ngemuva kokulimala okuningi kwendlu yeqhawe, manje kunamamyuziyamu asebenzayo, ama-workshops okusebenzayo ensimini yawo, imiboniso, imibukiso, imikhosi namakhonsathi avame ukuqhutshwa lapha ;
- I-Castle Karksi - enye indawo eqinile yaseLibonia, "engazange iphile" ezikhathini zethu, eduze kwedolobha elincane laseKarksi-Nui kuphela iziqongo zaleso sikhathi esaziwayo esaziwayo;
- I-Castle Paide - yavuselelwa ngo-1993, emgodini ongasemgodini kukhona indawo yokubona, ngaphakathi kwinqaba kunezakhiwo zemyuziyamu kanye ne-cafe yezivakashi;
- I-Põltsamaa Castle ingenye yezinqaba ezinhle kakhulu zasendulo e-Estonia, okubuyiselwe kancane, kunezinkundla zokusebenzela zobuciko, izindawo zemibukiso, amathilomu, izitolo, iminyuziyamu eziningana (umshini wokudla, ukudla kazwelonke) ensimini, futhi kukhona amakhodi ewayini lapho kutholakala khona ama-tastings kuwo wonke umuntu ;
- I-Rakvere Castle iyona yezindawo ezikhangayo kunazo zonke izivakashi (kuneminyuziyamu engavamile yokuxhumana lapho ungavakashela khona igumbi lokuhlushwa, igumbi lesigodlo lesikhathi esidlule, i-chapel, izivini zewayini, i-refectory yama-knights, i-smithy kanye nebala elidumile lokudubula lokudubula);
- Amathuluzi Castle - "omncinyane" kuwo wonke ama-Fortresses e-Order, eyakhiwe ekupheleni komthetho we-Livonian ebhange eliphakeme, wayehloswe ukuguqula ukuhlaselwa kwama-pirate, kwakungekho ngaphansi kokubuyiselwa ngemva kokubhujiswa;
- I-Toompea Castle i- castle eyaziwa kakhulu e- Estonia , ephakathi kweTallinn , lapho iphalamende yeRiphabhuliki yase-Estonia ihlala khona. Kulezi zindonga ezingu-26 zendawo enqaba, ezingu-18 zigcinwa (eziningi zazo zivulekile kuzivakashi, kunezindawo zokubukisa, amathilomu, izitolo zokukhumbuza ngaphakathi).
Izinqaba ze-Orden zase-Estonia ebalazweni zikhonjiswe ngemibuthano emnyama. Njengoba kunikezwe izinga eliphakeme lethonya le-order knightly ngezikhathi zesikhathi esidlule, akumangazi ukuthi izindonga zaseLibonian zihlakazeka cishe kulo lonke elase-Estonia.
Ama-Episcopal Castles
Uma ubheka izithombe zezindonga zase-Estonia ezazingezakwa-Ezel-Wicks nababhishobhi baseDorpatian, kunemibono ephawulekayo ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqaba ze-Order. Bonke kubo ngesikhathi esisodwa kwakuyizindawo zokuhlala zababhishobhi abaphakeme, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, ukunakekelwa kwakungakhokhwanga kakhulu ekuziphenduleleni nasezikhungweni zempi, ngokuqondene nokuhlelwa kwezindlu zokuhlala kanye nomhlobiso omuhle wezinhlaka zamabonakude. Nakuba ezinye izindlu zamabhishobhi zazibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulu uma zibekwe eduze kwemingcele ngezwe lesitha.
Izindawo ezinqaba kakhulu ze-Episcopal zase-Estonia:
- I-Vastseliyna Castle (Neuhausen) - emva kokuba umbhishobhi waseDerbent eshiye isizinda sakhe, inqaba "yadlula esuka esandleni" kuya eRusys, eSweden nasePoles izikhathi eziningana, lesi sakhiwo asizange sakhiwe kabusha, manje sishaywa phansi ngokuphelele;
- Castle Colouvere - kulondolozwe ngokuphelele, ngenxa yokuthi phakathi kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lama-20 kwakuhlala imindeni ehloniphekile (umnikazi wokugcina wefa - iRussia Count Fedor Fedorovich Buksgewden);
- I-Porkuni Castle - ukungena embhoshongweni kungavunyelwe, isakhiwo sesikhathi esingaphakathi singabonwa kuphela ngaphandle;
- I-Kuressaare Castle - enye indawo yokuhlala yama-episcopal, egcinwe kahle kuze kube izikhathi zethu, iMyuziyamu yaseSaaremaa isebenza ensimini;
- I-Haapsalu Castle ingenye yezindawo ezivakashelwa kakhulu yizivakashi, futhi ixhunyiwe umlando we-Lady White ongaqondakali, ensimini ye-castle kukhona i-cathedral enhle, indawo yokudlala yabantwana ngesitayela lesikhathi esidlule, uhla lokudubula lokuncintisana kwemikhosi kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenzela, ungavakashela amahholo ombukiso omnandi noma ukuqasha Umhlahlandlela womsindo ohlelwe ngezilimi eziyisithupha.
Inqaba yase-Episcopal yase-Estonia ebalazweni imakwe ngemibuthano emhlophe. Zonke zazo zikhona ezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga yezwe.
Ama-Castles we-Nobles
Izindawo ezilondoloziwe zezicukuthwane ezihloniphekile ziyamangaza ngobukhulu bazo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezitayela zokwakha. Uma ubheka isithombe sama-castle ase-Estonia, ungabiza lezi zakhiwo izindlu zangempela. Eziningi zazo zazakhiwa ngokufana nezinto ezithandwayo zomhlaba (Windsor Palace, Bran Castle).
Izinqaba ezivelele kakhulu ezihloniphekile zase-Estonia:
- inqaba yaseMaarjamägi - indawo ye-Count Orlov-Davydov, kule manor version ye-screen of the story of the detective odumile "I-Hound of the Baskervilles" yadutshulwa, namhlanje enye yamagatsha e-Estonian Historical Museum isendaweni;
- I-Sangaste Castle - iphrojekthi yokuqala yayihilela amakamelo angu-99 ngaphakathi kwegodlo (okungaphezu kwekhulu kwavunyelwa amakhosi kuphela), isakhiwo esihle sesitini esibomvu sizungezwe ipaki enesitayela esiyingqayizivele saseNgilandi ngamagatsha emerald, izindwangu ezinamabala kanye namachibi, kuneminyuziyamu engxenyeni eyinkimbinkimbi;
- inqaba yaseTaaspera - ngemuva kokuthi ilungelo lokuba lelifa lilahlekelwe yizicukuthwane ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa komhlaba, lesi sikhungo sasisebenza isikhathi eside ekwakhiweni, ekhulwini lama-21 ihotela ne-restaurant yavulwa lapha, maduzane isigodlo sase Taagepera singenye yezindawo ezithandwa kakhulu emshadweni oshadile e-Estonia;
- I-Alatskivi Castle yakhiwe ngesitayela seGothic, i-asymmetry ekhethekile ifakwe esakhiweni (iphiko elilodwa likhulu kunalunye, kunezitezi ezizimele kanye nama-storey amabili ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esisodwa), inqaba ijikelezwe ipaki enkulu, ngaphakathi kukhona indawo yokudlela, ihhotela, amahholo amaminithi amaningi, i-Eduard Tubin Museum kanye nokuveza Izibalo ze-wax zabanikazi bokuqala befa.
Izinqaba ezihloniphekile zase-Estonia ebalazweni ziphawulwe ngamathantathu. Iningi lazo ligxila enyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe.