Yimaphi amatshe enza imihlobiso?

Imihlobiso ngaphandle kwamatshe iyisicefe futhi iyingqayizivele. Konke ukuthi i-jeweler engayenza kule nkinga ukusebenzisa i-engraving, notches, inhlanganisela yensimbi nezinye izakhi. Kodwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamatshe, ubucwebe buguqulwa ngokuphelele. Le jewel enkulu iba "inhliziyo" yomkhiqizo kanye nama-rivets wonke amehlo, futhi ukusakazwa kwamatshe amancane kuveza ukukhanya okuyingqayizivele futhi kunezela ukunethezeka.

Amatshe avela kuzo zonke izinto zokugqoka

Imizamo yokwenza isigaba esinokwethenjelwa ngamatshe lapho kwenziwa khona ubucwebe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kodwa ucwaningo olukhulu luhlelwe yi-Academician A. E Fersman ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Lesi sigaba sisasetshenziselwa izazi ze-gemologists. I-academician yahlukanisa amatshe abe ngamaqembu, kuye ngokuthi yikuphi ukutholakala, ukubaluleka kanye nezakhiwo zomuntu ngamunye. Ukulandela le mbono, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamatshe zokuhlobisa:

1. Amatshe noma amatshe ayigugu okuqala. Lezi zihlanganisa: idayimane, ama-saphir, ama-rubies, ama-emerald, ama-alexandrites, ama-chrysoberyls. Lapha futhi baphatha amaparele, bewuchaza njengetshe eliyigugu, babe nemithombo yamaminerali. Ekwazisa ngokukhethekile zicacile, amatshe ahlanzekile ngisho, umbala obukhulu. I-Turbidity, i-fracturing ne-color engalingani inciphisa kakhulu izindleko zegugu.
2. Amatshe angenakuqhathaniswa okulandelana kwesibili. Inani labo liphansi kakhulu kunezindleko zamagugu, kodwa futhi lisetshenziselwa ubucwebe. I-Beryl, i-topazi, i-phenacite, i-tourmaline yama-pink, i-amethyst, i-zircon, ne-opal ichazwe lapha. Ngokubonakala okungafani nokubukeka kwethembo, ngezinye izikhathi zihlolwe njengamatshe oku-oda okuqala.
3. Amatshe okuhlobisa. Ama-specimens kuphela angavamile. Zonke ezinye zishibhile futhi ziyatholakala. Le matshe isetshenziselwa imihlobiso engabizi futhi ibe namagama anjalo: i-turquoise, i-tourmaline, i-rhinestone, i-quartz, i-carnelian, i-amber, i-jade nabanye.

Lezi zinhlobo zamatshe ezemvelo zezinto zokuhlobisa ziye zathola uhlelo lokusebenza kwezobuciko. Abanye abaculi basebenzisa izinsalela kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane zamatshe ukuze bahlobise izithombe, futhi abaphulukisi bendabuko babhekwa ngamatshe ahlukahlukene ngezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Ubucwebe ngamatshe anemibala

Sinqume ukuthi yimaphi amatshe asetshenziselwa ubucwebe, futhi manje singaletha esinye isigaba, esisekelwe kumbala wezimayini. Umbala oheha ukunakwa komkhiqizo futhi ugcizelele ukuhluka kwawo nokuzikhethela. Nakuba lesi sigaba asiyona esemthethweni, sinikeza ukubuka okuphelele kwamatshe anemibala.

1. Amatshe aluhlaza. Lo mbala ubukeka uhloniphekile futhi uhloniphekile. Itshe eliyigugu kunazo zonke elisebhrijini libizwa ngokuthi i-sapphire. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthunzi we-bluish unama-aquamarines, i-tourmaline ne-topazi.
2. Amatshe amnyama ezimhlobiso. Igama letshe elimnyama ezihlotsheni angeke libe linye: i-agate, i-diver, i-sheol, i-bloodstone. Izindleko ezibizayo nezindleko kunamadayimane amnyama, amapomegranati namakharali amnyama. Umbala omnyama kulezi zemihlobiso ubonakala ongaqondakali futhi unomzimba. Amatshe amnyama abukeka ehambisana nesiliva negolide elimhlophe.
3. Amatshe alubomvu emihlobiso. Okubomvu okukhanyayo ematheni akutholakali, kunemibala emnyama ebomvu i-brownish. I-shades enjalo inezinqolobane, i-hyacinths, i-rubies ne-tourmaline.
4. Imihlobiso ngamatshe aluhlaza. Ukuze uthole imikhiqizo enjalo, kusetshenziswa amatshe alandelayo: i-euclase, i-aquamarine, i-topazi, i-amazonite, i-emerald. Imikhiqizo enamatshe aluhlaza ibukeka kahle kakhulu.

Lezi yimilayezo eyisisekelo yobucwebe, okuvame ukutholakala ku-salons nemikhiqizo yokuhlobisa . Ngokuvamile emidlalweni ungathola amatshe ayingqayizivele, aphuzi, amhlophe noma aphuzi.