Izinganekwane zamaGreki zasendulo zikhanya kakhulu, ngenxa yonkulunkulu abaningi nabesifazanekazikazi abamelele kulo. Omunye wabameleli abangavamile uyinkosikazi enhlekazi e-Athena Pallada. Uyise wakhe, akekho omunye ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu uZeus, inkosi yezulu. Ngokubaluleka kwalo, i-Athena ayiyona ephansi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iphakeme kunabo bababenamandla. Igama lakhe lifihlelwe egameni lomuzi waseGrisi - i-Athens.
Ubani u-Athena?
Ukubonakala kwe-Athena kufakwe emfihlelweni, kusukela embhalweni womthombo wasendulo we "Theogony" kulandela ukuthi uZeyus wafunda: umkakhe ohlakaniphile uMetida kufanele abelethe indodakazi nendodana enhle. Umbusi wayengafuni ukunikeza izinso zakhe kunoma ubani, futhi wagwinya umkakhe okhulelwe. Kamuva, njengoba ezwa ikhanda elinamandla, uZeus wabuza uNkulunkulu kaHephaestus ukuba amshaya ngesando phezu kwekhanda - ngakho unkulunkulukazi wempi nokuhlakanipha wabonakala kuzo zonke izikhali zakhe. Esebenzisa amasu namaqhinga okuqhuba izimpi ezifanele, u-Athena waphumelela futhi waba umphathi wezinhlobo eziningi zobuciko:
- ukuhlelwa komphakathi - u-Athena, unkulunkulukazi wokuhlakanipha ezindabeni zomphakathi, wasungula inkantolo ephakeme e-Athens;
- ukuthumela ibhizinisi nokuhamba - abadwebi beFerekle, Arg noDanai, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kuka-Athena badala imikhumbi yabo, enye yawo u-Argo eyathunyelwa unkulunkulukazi ezulwini;
- isikhulu sensimbi - isithombe se-Aphrodite kubhekwa njengomsebenzi ka-Athena ngokwakhe;
- ukugqoka kanye nokukhwabanisa izandla - zenze izingubo zazo kanye nezinye izinkulunkulukazi. U-Athena wasifundisa indlela yokukhipha abesifazane. Ukuphenya - uphawu lwe-Athena;
- umculo - icilongo nomsunguli womculo womculo womculo we-Athena;
- ukuphulukiswa - waphulukiswa futhi wavuselelwa ngosizo lwegazi le-jellyfish kaGorgon;
- i-patroness - kwezinye izici eziningi ezinhle. I-Athene ithandwa ngoba inikezwa usizo olufika ngesikhathi. Hercules, Odysseus, Perseus, Achilles, Jason, ama-Telemachus amaqhawe omlando wamaGrisi asendulo, abizwa ngezikhathi ezinzima ku-Athena.
U-Athena ubukeka kanjani?
Unkulunkulukazi ongumGreki u-Athena ujwayele ukuboniswa egqokeni lezempi, enesandla esibucayi esandleni sakhe umkhonto okhanya elangeni. U-Homer, umlandeli wasendulo wenkondlo enkulukazi ethi "Illyada," uchaza u-Athena njengamehlo aphikisayo, ngamehlo abukhali, agcwele amandla ezembatho zegolide, intombazane enhle kodwa "enenhliziyo ephansi". Abaculi baveze unkulunkulukazi onobuso obunamandla, obunobuso, esembatho eside (peplos) noma igobolondo.
Uphawu lwe-Athena
Ezinganekwane, yonke into yokugqoka, isizinda esizungeze unkulunkulu sigcwele uphawu oluhlukile, olunencazelo engcwele. Lezi zingu-archetypes ziyisixhumanisi phakathi kwabantu nabonkulunkulu. Ukwazi lezi zimpawu, kwimemori yomuntu , izithombe zivela, lapho ungabona khona uhlamvu. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-Athena kubonakala kalula:
- Isigqoko sase-Athene - esenziwe ngensimbi, esihlotshiswe ngamahhashi angu-4, noma i-monster enomsila wenyoka;
- umkhonto - esinye sezithombe zikaNkulunkulukazi esasihlobisa i-acropolis yasendulo e-Athene, umkhonto wayo okhanyelayo, into yokuqala yokuthungatha umkhumbi yabona ebuyela edolobheni;
- i-aegis - isihlangu esenziwe ngezimbuzi zezimbuzi, ngesithombe se-jellyfish Gorgon;
- I-Nika yisitatimende skulunkulukazi wokunqoba esandleni sika-Athena;
- isikhwama siwuphawu lokuhlakanipha;
- inyoka isipho sokubona kwangaphambili.
Izingane zase-Athens
Unkulunkulukazi wasendulo ongumGreki u-Athena wayebhekwa njengendodakazi ehlanzekile, u-Eros ngokwakhe wayengafuni ukucela uninakazi ka-Aphrodite ukuba avumele u-Athena umcibisholo ukuba amthande, ngoba wayesaba ngisho nokuhamba ngenka ngenxa yokubukeka okubi kowesifazanekazikazi. Noma kunjalo, injabulo yobazali yayingenasici ku-Athena futhi yavusa izingane ezamukelwe:
- U-Hygia - unkulunkulukazi wezempilo, uthathwa njengomthombo owodwa ngendodakazi ka-Asclepius (umphulukisi) no-Athena;
- U-Erichthony uyindodana kaGaia noHephaestus, ngokusho komlando uHephaestus wamxosha u-Athena futhi waphonsa imbewu, uGaia wacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyisihlamba ngaye futhi wenqaba ukukhulisa indodana yakhe. U-Athene wakhuphula ngasese u-Erichthony. Unkulunkulukazi u-Athena uvame ukubonakaliswa ngenyoka, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uphawu luka-Erichthony.
Inkolelo yenkulunkulukazi u-Athena
Izinganekwane zasendulo zamaGreki zichaza onkulunkulu abafana nabantu: bathanda, bazonda, bafune amandla, bafuna ukuqashelwa. Izinganekwane ezithakazelisayo mayelana ne-Athena, lapho uCecrops, inkosi yokuqala yase-Athene, akakwazanga ukunquma ukuthi ubani ozoba ngumphathi wedolobha. U-Athena noPoseidon (unkulunkulu wolwandle) baqala ukuphikisa, uCecrops wamema onkulunkulu ukuthi baxazulule le mpikiswano ngale ndlela elandelayo: ukwakha into ewusizo kakhulu. I-Poseidon yaveza umthombo wamanzi nge-trident, u-Athena wagxumela umkhonto emhlabathini futhi kwavela umnqumo. Abesifazane bavotela i-Athena, amadoda kaPoseidon, ngakho-ke i-Athens yayineziphathamandla ezimbili.