I-lithotripsy ezikude zibhekisela ezindleleni ezingezona zokuhlinzwa zokwelashwa kwe-urolithiasis. Le nqubo isithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo. Ake sicabangele le ndlela yokwelashwa ngokuningiliziwe, sizohlukanisa izinhlobo zayo.
I-Lithotripsy - iyini?
Ekhuluma nodokotela usizo, ngokuvamile iziguli azi ukuthi yikuphi ukuthoma okukude, ukucabanga ukusebenza okumbi. Le ndlela yokwelashwa ye-urolithiasis kusiza ngokushesha ukuqeda ukubonakaliswa kwezifo - iziphetho. Kulesi simo, zingasendaweni yangakini, kokubili ku-ureter, nasesiginini ngisho nasezinso. Okuyinhloko yale nqubo ukubhujiswa okude kwamatshe. Idivaysi ekhethekile ikhiqiza inselele yokushaqeka, udokotela eqondisa endaweni eqondile ye-calculi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugaya kancane kancane kwenzeka.
Izibilini - izinkomba
Ukushushelwa kwamagagasi okude okudinga kude kudingeke ukuba kuhlolwe ngokucophelela nokuhlola isimo sesiguli. Odokotela banquma ngokunembile indawo yendawo yamatshe, basungula izici zabo zesakhiwo, ubukhulu, bala inani lenani. Izinkomba zokuxhaphazwa okunjalo, njenge-shockwave lithotripsy ezikude:
- amatshe angenalutho noma amazinso, ububanzi obungaphansi kuka-2.5 cm;
- ukuhlasela kwe- colic renal ;
- ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo nokuvame kwepheshana le-urogenital;
- akukho mthelela omuhle wezokwelapha ezizimele;
- ukutholakala kwamatshe e-ureters nesinye ngesinye isikhathi kanyekanye.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zibonakaliso, odokotela nabo banikeza umuntu ngamunye. Ngakho itshe le-ureter lingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesibalo sezinso ezinzima, ngokubunjwa kwe-hydronephrosis. Uma kungabikho ukwelashwa okunjalo, njenge-lithotripsy ezikude, lesi simo singabangela ekuthuthukiseni ukwehluleka kwenkunzi. Lesi sifo sidinga ukwelapha isikhathi eside, ukubuka okuqhubekayo kochwepheshe.
Amathambo ezinso zezinso
Ukutholakala kwamathambo ezinsolo ezikude kuhlanganisa ukuchotshozwa kwezitebhisi ngosizo lwe-wave shock. Kulesi simo, isifunda se-lumbar sithinteka ngesikhumba. Kuye ngokuthi yiliphi uhlobo lamandla asetshenziswe ngesikhathi senqubo, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-lithotriptors (amadivaysi okuchoboza) ziyahlukaniswa:
- i-electro-hydraulic;
- i-piezo-electric;
- i-electro-magnetic.
Lawula phezu kwendawo yokuchayeka, ukugxiliswa kwe-wave shock, uma i-wave-wave lithotripsy eyenziwa, isenziwa yi-ultrasound. Lolu hlobo lokungeneleli olungasebenzi olungenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Lokhu akukhipha ngokuphelele ukuhlukumeza. Le nqubo odokotela basebenzisa ukuchoboza amatshe amancane, ububanzi obungaphezu kuka-2 cm. Ngenxa yendlela, izinhlamvu ezincane zihlala ezintsheni, ezihamba ngokukhululekile ngaphandle komchamo ngaphandle.
Amathole amatshe e-gallbladder
I-throttle ye-gallbladder ifana nenqubo echazwe ngenhla. Umehluko wukuthi umphumela uqondiswa ku-calculi ye-bile. Zinesakhiwo esihlukile, ngokuvamile esincane, kodwa sinamandla kunezinso. Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zici, odokotela basebenzisa ezinye izilungiselelo zedivayisi ngesikhathi senqubo. Lokhu kusiza ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.
I-reflective engumfanekiso ilungisa ingxube yokushaqeka emcimbini. Ngenxa yalokho, ekugxilweni, amandla afinyelela phezulu futhi itshe lishayeka kalula. Amagagasi angena ngokushesha ngezicubu ezithambile, cishe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla okuqala. Ngoba inqubo kukhonkolo ingathinta amaza angama-3000. Inombolo yabo inqunywe ngokuvumelana nokubunjwa namandla wezinyosi.
Amathole amatshe e-ureter
Ukutholwa kwezinto ezikude kakhulu kwamatshe okugcoba kunezici ezithile. Ngenxa yesikhala esilinganiselwe, isikhanyiso esincane se-urethra, inqubo idinga ukunemba. Udokotela kumele anqume indawo kanye nenani lamatshe, ukuze ngaphambi kokuqala ukuphathwa, usethe uhlobo lwe-lithotriptor elisetshenzisiwe. Ukulawulwa kwenqubo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umshini we-ultrasound.
Ngemuva kokuthi amatshe afinyelele usayizi omncane, i-lithotripsy ekude imisiwe (i-lithotripsy esebenza kude). Ukuze ukhiphe ukulandwa kwamadayini emva kokulandela ukuphathwa, iziguli zibizwa ngokuthi i-diuretics. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala nakho kwenziwa, uma kunesidingo, izidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo zenziwa ukuthi zingabandakanyi ukutheleleka.
I-lithotripsy ezikude - izinqunquthela
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, i-lithotripsy ekude yamatshe inezinkomba zayo. Ngaphambi kokuya kwesiguli sakhe kukhona ukuhlolwa okude. Odokotela bazothatha isinqumo sokugcina ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela. DLT, lithotripsy ekude, akunakwenzeka nge:
- izinqubo ezivuthayo zokuvuvukala, izifo (pyelonephritis, cystitis);
- ukukhulelwa kwamanje;
- ukwephulwa kwe-system coagulation system;
- isisindo somzimba esiningi ngokweqile (ukukhuluphala kwamadigri amathathu no-4);
- izifo zesimiso senhliziyo;
- izinqubo zesimungulu;
- ukuthatha imithi ehlanza igazi (Warfarin, Aspirin);
- ukunciphisa ama-ureters ngezansi kwezinga localization of the calculus.
Ilungiselela ama-lithotripsy akude
I-retro ultrasonic lithotripsy ihilela isiteji sokulungiselela. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele emathunjini kwenziwa. Izinsuku ezingu-5 ziqala ukulandela ukudla. Hlanganisa nokudla:
- isinkwa esimnyama;
- imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe;
- ukudla okunamafutha;
- ubhontshisi;
- amaju;
- imifino kanye nezithelo.
Isigaba esingenakulinganiswa sokulungiswa yizifundo zelabhorethri. Basiza ukunquma isimo somzimba. Ngaphambi kokutholwa kwe-electro-hydraulic lithotripsy, kuyadingeka:
- i-biochemistry yegazi;
- ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi;
- I-Ultrasound ukunquma ubukhulu, indawo yamatshe, inombolo yabo.