Ukubona kungenye yezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zengqondo zomuntu, okuvezwa ngombono onemibandela yezinto ezizungezile nezinhloso, kuye ngokuhlangenwe nakho, imibono, izithakazelo zomuntu ezenzakalweni ezithile.
Umqondo wokutholwa uvela kulesiLatini, ekuhumusheni kwangempela ukuhumusha, ukuqonda komqondo. Leli gama laziswa nguGV Leibniz, ososayensi waseJalimane. Wabonisa ukuthi le nqubo iyimfuneko ebalulekile yokuziqaphela nokwaziswa okuphakeme. Futhi wayikhumbula futhi ayikhumbula. ULeibniz waqala ukuhlukanisa imibono yokubona nokutholwa. Ngokuqala kusho izindlela ezingavamile, ezingenalwazi, isethulo esingaqondakali sokuqukethwe okunye, futhi ngaphansi kwesibili - isigaba sokuqonda okucacile, okucacile, okucacile. Isibonelo sokuqala singaba abantu ababili, i-botanist eyodwa, omunye umculi. Owokuqala, ohamba ngezinyawo, uzocabangela izitshalo kusuka ekubukeni kwesayensi, kanti eyesibili - ngokuhleleka. Umbono wabo usekelwe eziphatheni zabo ezikhethekile, okuthandayo kanye nesipiliyoni.
Usosayensi waseMelika uBruner wethula igama elithi ukwakha umphakathi. Akuqondwa nje kuphela umbono wezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa futhi namaqembu ezenhlalakahle, okungukuthi, ngabanye, abantu, izinhlanga, njll. Babebheka ukuthi izihloko zombono ziyakwazi ukuthonya ukuhlola kwethu. Uma sibona abantu, singakwazi ukuzithoba futhi sithandane ngokungafani nokuqonda kwezinto nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Kumafilosofi kaKant, umqondo omusha wobumbano obungapheliyo wokutholwa waqala. U-Kant wahlukanisa ifomu lobuciko nelicacile (original). Umbono wemibono wesikhashana futhi usekelwe ekuziboneni komuntu ngokwakhe. Kodwa ukuziqaphela akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nokuqwashisa kwezwe elizungezile, yilokho isahlulelo ososayensi abonisa ngaphansi komqondo wobumbano wokubamba.
U-Alfred Adler wadala lolu hlelo, efaka kuyo indawo yokubona okubonakalayo, njengesixhumanisi kwisitayela sokuphila esenziwe ngumuntu. Wabhala encwadini yakhe ukuthi asizwa amaqiniso wangempela, kodwa izithombe ezizithobayo, okungukuthi, uma kubonakala ngathi intambo ekhoneni elimnyama ekamelweni liyinyoka, khona-ke sizobe sesaba njengenyoka. Uhlelo luka-Adler lwathatha indawo ebalulekile ekucabangeni kwengqondo.
Izindlela zokuthola ukutholwa kokuqala
Izindlela ezidume kakhulu zokutadisha umbono wobuntu yizivivinyo. Zingaba izinhlobo ezimbili:
- ukuhlolwa kokutholwa kwezimpawu;
- hlola ukutholwa kwama-thematic;
Esimweni sokuqala, umuntu unikezwa ngamakhadi angu-24 anezimpawu, ucacisa ukuthi lezi zimpawu zithathwa emlandweni wezinganekwane, indaba kufanele ihlukanise amakhadi ngesisekelo esivumelana naye. Esigabeni sesibili salolu cwaningo, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi idatha yezinhlamvu ezingu-24 kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokwengqondo ngokulahlekelwa okunye, ngokombono wendaba. Emva kwalokho, la makhadi afanayo kufanele ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu: "amandla", "
Olunye uhlobo lokutadisha - ukuvivinywa kokutholwa kwe-thematic, isethi yamathebula ezithombe ezimnyama nezithombe ezimhlophe. Bakhethwa ukucabangela ubulili kanye nobudala bendaba. Umsebenzi wakhe ukuhlanganisa izindaba zezindaba ezisekelwe esithombeni ngasinye. Ukuhlolwa kusetshenziswa ezimweni ezidinga ukuxilongwa okuhlukile, kanye nalapho ukhetha ozobhapathizwa okuthunyelwe okubalulekile (abashayeli bezindiza, abajikelezi bemvelo). Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa uma kwenzeka ucwaningo oluphuthumayo lwe-psychotherapeutic, ngokwesibonelo, ngokucindezeleka, nomphumela wokuzibulala ongase uzibulale.