Namuhla, abazali abaningi banomgomo wokukhetha imishanguzo efanayo yabakhiqizi bangaphandle, okubangela izinkinga ezincane futhi zibekezelela kalula izingane ezincane. Masiqonde ukuthi yini umgomo wokugcina we-DTP, ukuthi lesi sibhalo sisho kanjani, nokuthi yikuphi ukugoma okufanele kukhethwe.
Ukumiswa kwegama lokugonywa kwe-DPT
Ngakho, ukuchitshiyelwa kwegama elithi "DTP" - umuthi wokugoma we-pertussis pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus uvunyelwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mgomo uklanyelwe ukuvikela umzimba wezingane ezifweni ezithathelwanayo ezinkulu - i-pertussis, i-diphtheria ne-tetanus. Zonke lezi zifo zinzima kakhulu futhi zidluliselwa kalula ngomoya noma ngokuxhumana. Ngokuvamile zivezwa ezinganeni ngaphambi kokuba kuphele iminyaka emibili. Igama elithi "adsorbed" kuleli cala lisho ukuthi ama-antigens alo mgomo ahlanjululwa ezintweni ezithuthukisa futhi zandise ukucasuka kwe-antigenic.
Ingxenye eyingozi kunazo zonke yokugoma i-DPT yiyona ingxenye ye-pertussis. Nguye ongabangela imiphumela embi kakhulu emzimbeni womntwana osanda kuzalwa, ngoba kuthinta ubuchopho bomntwana. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, izingane ezizalwa nge-hypoxia yobuchopho noma ezinye izinkinga zokubeletha, zivame ukugonywa nge- ADS-M, lapho le nxenye engekho khona. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lo mgomo awuvikeleki kulesi sifo esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukhethe imishanguzo ye-acellular yabakhiqizi bangaphandle, okubandakanya i-pertussis ehlanjululwayo ebangela ukucindezeleka okuningi komzimba.
Zingaki izikhathi futhi ukugonywa kwe-DTP kwenzeka nini?
I-inoculation yokuqala ye-DPT yenziwa ngumntwana ngokushesha ngemva kokuba eneminyaka engu-3 ubudala. Okwesibili nowesithathu - hhayi ngaphambi kuka-30, kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-90 ngemuva kokudlule. Okokugcina, unyaka owodwa emva kokugonywa kwesithathu, ukuvuselelwa kwe-DTP kwenziwa . Ngakho-ke, ukugoma ngokumelene ne-diphtheria, i-pertussis ne-tetanus yenziwa ngezigaba ezine.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umgomo wokulwa ne-tetanus ne-diphtheria kuyodingeka iphindwe eminyakeni engu-7 no-14. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba uphinde uvuselelwe njalo eminyakeni eyishumi, usuvele usukhulile. Lapha, ingxenye ye-pertussis ayisetshenzisiwe.
Ngumuphi umuthi okufanele ngiwukhethe?
Njengamanje, ukugonywa nge-whole-cell umshini we-DTP wemvelaphi yaseRussia unikezwa mahhala. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngenxa yezinsana ezibuthakathaka noma izingane ezinezifo ezingelapheki, umuthi wokugoma owenziwa ngesiFulentshi u-Pentaxim ungasetshenziswa mahhala. Lo mgomo awuvikela kuphela umzimba wezingane ezifweni ezingenhla, kodwa futhi wenziwa ukuvimbela i-poliomyelitis nokutheleleka kwe-hemophilia. Izinkinga ezivela kulowo mgomo zivela emaphesenti amancane ezingane, kodwa ngaphambi nangaphakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu emva kokuthatha ama-antihistamine kunconywa ukuba kungabandakanyi ukusabela okubangelwa ukugula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uthole imali ezikhungweni ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha, ingane yakho ingahlinzeka ngeminye imithi yangaphandle. Isibonelo, umkhiqizo wokugoma u-Tetrakok French uhlanganisa nokuvikelwa ekudobheni,
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, yikuphi ukugoma okumele ukhethe nokuthi ngabe ukwenza yini ukugoma nhlobo, uma kunjalo, abazali banquma. Uma ungeke unqume ngokwakho, thintana nodokotela wezingane.