Ngaphambi kokuthatha le ndaba, kunconywa ukuthi ulandele imithetho elandelayo:
- Ungadli, uphuze noma uqhube amazinyo akho amahora amabili;
- hlambulula ama-nasal ama-nasal accumulation.
Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuthatha isisindo kusuka ku-pharynx nephunga kuya kwi-microflora kungabangela imiphumela engathembekile yokuhlaziywa.
Inqubo yokuthatha isisindo emlonyeni
Ama-smear athathwa ngokuhlukana ne-pharynx nekhala ngokusebenzisa ama-loops angenawo oyinyumba nge-swab wool swab. Le ndaba ithathwe ku-pharynx isebenzisa i-spatula oyinyumba yokucindezela impande yolimi. I-loop oyinyumba yenziwa emagcekeni ama-palatine, amathoni, kanye nodonga lwangemva kwe-pharynx. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukukhipha okuthintwayo kolimi, amazinyo nezindonga zomlomo womlomo.
Esikhatsini selabhorethri, indaba ekhethiwe ihlwanyelwe kumaphephandaba ahlukahlukene wezakhi. Uma i-smear emqaleni ihlolwe ukuze ikwazi ukukhomba i-agent causative ye-diphtheria, khona-ke isitshalo sikhiqizwa nge-agar-blooduritite agar. Endabeni yokuhlaziywa kwe-bacteriological ukuthola ukutheleleka kwesinye ukutheleleka, le ndaba ithathwa izikhathi ezimbili futhi ifakwe embotini yokuhlola ne-sugar mhluzi, futhi ku-slide. Izinto ezibonakala ngilazi zibukwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope, futhi izinto ezivela ebhukwini zifakwa kwenye imidiya yemithi ngosuku (i-Saburo medium, i-blood ne-chocolate agar, njll).
Imiphumela ye-smear evela ku-pharynx
Cabanga ngalokho okushiwo yi-smear kusuka ku-pharynx. Ngokuvamile, i-microflora ye-pharynx ine-staphylococcus ye-epidermal, i-streptococcus eluhlaza, inombolo encane ye-Candida fungi, ne-Neisseria engeyona ne-pathogenic ne-pneumococci.
Ama-microorganisms abangela amagciwane angatholakala uma ehlaziya isisindo kwi-microflora emqaleni:
- i-β-hemolytic streptococcus yeqembu A;
- i-agent ye-causative ye-pertussis;
- i-agent causative ye-diphtheria yi-bacillus kaLeffler;
- isikhunta Candida albikans, njll.
I-smear evela ku-pharynx ku-streptococcus ikhethwe ngokusola ukuthi i-pneumonia, i-throat sore scarina, i-pharyngitis, njll. I-Streptococci eyenza inani elikhulu kakhulu lezifo zabantu liyiqembu A (pyogenic).
Izifo zomlomo we-Streptococcal zenzeka kaningi. I-streptococcal angina ingase ibe khona kokubili ngesimo esibi kakhulu okushisa okuphakeme, futhi ngobumnene, obungenasifo. Ngomkhuhlane omnyama, kunezibonakaliso ze-angina, ezihambisana nokuqhuma kwesikhumba.
I-smear evela ku-pharynx kuma-eosinophils ithathwa ukuthi ingabandakanyi noma iqinisekise isimo sempilo yesifo. Ama-eosinophils awuhlobo lwama-leukocyte abamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni okweqile.
I-smear kusuka emfuleni kuya efungeni ihilela ukutholakala kwezifo ezinjenge-agranulocytosis, i-asthma ene-predominance ye-alergic component, njll.
I-smear evela ku-pharynx ku-staphylococcus yenzelwa ukutholakala kokutheleleka kwe-staphylococcal.
I-Staphylococcus ibhekwa njenge-bacterium engokwemvelo, okungukuthi, i-microbe ebangela izifo kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (ukuvimbela incandane, ukungabi namavithamini, i-hypothermia). Cishe zonke izifo ezihlobene ne-staphylococcus kusho
Ama-bacteria aseStaplanlococcus adluliselwa ngamaconsi amanzi, kanye nangokuthinta into enesifo, umuntu noma ngokudla. I-Staphylococcus aureus igxilile kakhulu endaweni yangaphandle, futhi ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-staphylococcal kuyinkimbinkimbi enzima kakhulu, lezi zingqungquthela ziveza ngokushesha ukuzivikela emithini yama-antibiotics. Ngakho-ke, ukubaluleka okuqondile ekuhlaziyweni kwe-smear kusuka ku-pharynx ku-staphylococcus kunikezwa ekutholeni ubuzwe bayo kulezi noma ezinye izidakamizwa ngenhloso yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.