Izindaba ezishaqisayo zezinsuku zokugcina: ubhubhane lwe-HIV luvame kakhulu eYekaterinburg! Cishe u-1.8% wabantu basedolobheni banesandulela ngculazi - wonke umuntu ohlala ku-50! Kodwa lena idatha esemthethweni, empeleni isibalo singaba ngaphezulu.
Nansi ukuthi iMeya yaseYekaterinburg u-Yevgeny Roizman uthe mayelana nalesi sifo:
"Mayelana nesifo se-HIV eYekaterinburg. Ungabongi izinkolelo, lokhu kuyinto evamile ezweni. Kungokuthi nje sisebenza ekutholeni futhi asiyesabi ukukhuluma ngakho "
Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2015, uNgqongqoshe wezeMpilo uVerkaka Skvortsova uthe isibalo sabantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi eRussia ngo-2020 singakhuphuka ngo-250% (!) Uma "izinga lamanje lamanje" ligcinwa. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, okwamanje kunezigidi ezingu-300 000 abantu abane-HIV eRussia.
I-HIV idluliselwa kanjani?
Igciwane liqukethe ngokwanele:
- egazini;
- insimu;
- ukukhishwa kwesisu;
- ubisi lwebele.
Ngakho-ke, i-HIV ingatheleleka ngezindlela ezintathu: ngokuxhumana kocansi, ngegazi nangomama kuya kwengane (ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha noma ukubeletha).
7 Izindlela zokuvimbela i-HIV
Namuhla, indlela eyinhloko yokulwa ne-HIV yukuvimbela. Ukuzivikela ekuthelelekeni, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho elandelayo elula.
- Zenza ubulili obuphephile. I-HIV ingatheleleka ngesikhathi socansi olungakhuselekanga, kokubili ngokobulili besifazane, nangesilwane nangomlomo. Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhumana ngocansi embranini yamangqamuzana ezitho zangasese, i-rectum, umlomo womlomo, njll, izimboni ezibonakalayo zivela, lapho i-pathogen yokutheleleka ingena emzimbeni. Okuyingozi kakhulu ukuthintana ngokocansi nomama onegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, njengoba okuqukethwe kwegciwane egazini eliphakeme kakhulu kunomkhuhlane wesifazane. Ungathola igciwane lesandulela ngculazi noma ngabe uthola isidoda, ukuvinjelwa kwesisu noma igazi lokuya esikhathini lomuntu onegciwane lesilonda noma ukwehliswa esikhumbeni somlingani.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhondomu. Ayikho enye indlela yokuzivikela ekuthelelekeni ngesikhathi socansi. Ubulili obuphephile ngaphandle kwekhondomu kungenzeka kuphela ngomlingani ohlolwe i-HIV.
Mayelana namakondomu
- khetha amakhondomu ezinkampani eziziwa kuphela (iDurex, "VIZIT", "CONTEX");
- njalo hlola usuku lokuphela kwesikhathi;
- Isakhiwo esimangalisayo njengekhondomu evuselelwayo asikaze ibe ne-brevet okwamanje! Ngakho-ke, ngoxhumana naye ngamunye omusha, sebenzisa ikhondomu entsha;
- Ungatholi amakhondomu ephaketheni elibonakalayo, ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga i-latex lingaphula;
- Ungasebenzisi amagesi ngamafutha (i-petroleum jelly, i-oli, ukhilimu) - ingalimaza ikhondomu;
- abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ngokuphepha okukhulu, kudingeka usebenzise amakhondomu amabili kuphela. kodwa lokhu kuyinkolelo-mbono: phakathi kwamakhondomu amabili, gqoka omunye nomunye, kukhona ukungqubuzana, futhi bangabhidliza.
Ukwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, ngaphezu kokuya esikhathini, ukulala ngokobulili nokuphuka komuntu wesifazane ogulayo, ukutholakala kwezifo ze-venereal.
- Ungasebenzisi kabi utshwala. Umuntu odakiwe wenza ukuxhumana kocansi lula nomlingani ongajwayelekile futhi uyakulahla ukubaluleka kocansi oluphephile. Ukudakwa, njengoba uyazi, ulwandle luya emadolweni, izintaba zisehlombe, kodwa akacabangi into enjalo njengekhondomu.
- Ungalokothi uzame izidakamizwa Khumbula ukuthi phakathi kwezinye izingozi, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokujova kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthola i-HIV. Izilingo zivame ukusebenzisa inaliti eyodwa, okubangela ukutheleleka.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise ama-razors omunye wabantu, amathuluzi okugcoba, ama-toothbrushes, futhi unganiki muntu noma yini enhlanzekile. Okufanayo kuya izinsipho zakho siqu nezinaliti.
- Khetha ama-salons alayisensi kuphela wezinqubo zezimonyo. Khumbula ukuthi ungabamba i-HIV ngisho nangezinqubo ezifana nokunqunywa kwe-manicure, pedicure, ukubhoboza, ukudweba imibala, ukushefa, uma amathuluzi okuzithokozisa engakaqanjwanga igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, futhi usetshenziswe ngumuntu one-HIV. Ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo, lezi zinqubo, xhumana no-salons kuphela ezinelayisensi, lapho amathuluzi akhishwa khona ngekhamera emva kweklayenti ngalinye, noma ngisho nangcono - sebenzisa ukulahlwa.
- Thatha isandulela ngculazi bese ukhulumisana kumlingani wakho. Uma uhlela ukungena ebuhlotsheni obunzima nomlingani wakho, hamba ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kanyekanye, thatha ukuhlolwa okucacile - lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema izinkumanga ezingathandeki esikhathini esizayo. Ngisho noma unesiqiniseko se-100% esoka lakho (intombazane) futhi wazi ukuthi akayisebenzisi izidakamizwa futhi akasoze akuguqula, kukhona ingozi yokuthola igciwane eliyingozi.
- Qaphela izinyathelo zokuqapha uma umsebenzi wakho uhlotshaniswa nezinye izifo zomzimba zomuntu. Uma usebenza kufanele uxhumane nezinye izifo zomzimba zomuntu, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka ama-gloves latex, bese ugeza izandla zakho kahle nge-disinfectant.
Odokotela bathi manje akuzona nje amaqembu ezingozi abhekene ne-HIV (izidakamizwa ezidakamizwa, ubungqingili kanye nezifebe), kodwa futhi nabantu abahle kakhulu abangasebenzisi izidakamizwa futhi bahlale bethembekile kumlingani wabo. Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani? Isibonelo, umfana oneminyaka engu-17 wazama isidakamizwa enkampanini futhi wangenwa yi-HIV nge-syringe. Izimpawu ze-HIV azizange zibonakale ngokushesha: zenze uzizwe, zithi, eminyakeni eyishumi. Ngalesi sikhathi, le nsizwa ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yayisivele ikhohliwe ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwayo kuphela yenkinga futhi yakwazi ukuthelela intombazane yakhe njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho komqondisi we-Federal AIDS Center, uVadim Pokrovsky:
"Abantu abahlali isikhathi eside nomuntu oyedwa, kodwa bahlale beguqula abalingani. Uma kunesifo esisodwa segciwane lesandulela ngculaza kuleli chungechunge, bonke batholelekile "
Ngakho-ke, igciwane lingene emvelweni wabantu abahlelekile emphakathini.
Izimo lapho ingozi yokuthola i-HIV iyingcosana
- Ukuthinta ngesandla. I-HIV ingatheleleka nge-handshake kuphela uma ngabe kokubili izilonda zivulekile ezintendeni, okungenakwenzeka.
- Ukugeza emzimbeni wamanzi, ibhuku lokubhukuda noma ukugeza ngamuntu one-HIV kuphephile.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha ezabelwana ngazo, ilineni lebhedi kanye nendlu yangasese iphephile.
- Izinyembezi esihlathini nezindebe ziphephile. Ungatheleleka kuphela lapho kwenzeka ukuthi wena nomlingani wakho ningabanjwanga igazi lezindebe nezilimi.
- Ukulala nokulala embhedeni owodwa kuphephile.
- Ukulunywa kwamangqamuzana nezinye izinambuzane akuyona ingozi. Azikho izifo zokutheleleka komuntu ezivela ezinambuzane ezitholiwe!
- Ingozi yokutheleleka ngezilwane ezifuywayo i-zero.
- I-Infect ngokusebenzisa imali, izibambo zomnyango, ukuhamba ngomgwaqo kumetro akunakwenzeka.
- Ukuxhaphaza ngokwezempilo kanye nokumpontshelwa kwegazi lomnikelo kuphephile. Manje ngenxa yezijoka sebenzisa izinaliti ezilahlayo, ngakho-ke ukutheleleka ngenxa yendlela yokwelashwa kuncishisiwe. Yonke igazi le-donor idlula isheke elidingekile, ngakho-ke ingozi yokubamba ngale ndlela yenza kuphela 0,0002% kuphela.
- Ukuze "ubambe" igciwane ngamathe, izinyembezi nomchamo womuntu one-HIV akwenzeki. Okuqukethwe kwegciwane kulezi ziqu eziphilayo akukwanele ukuthelela. Ukuqhathanisa: ukuze uthelele igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lomuntu onempilo, ukudonsa okukodwa kwegazi elingcolile noma izibuko ezine zamathanga angcolile kudingekile egazini lakhe. Lokhu kungenakwenzeka.
Njengoba ungabona, ukuvimbela i-HIV, ngokungafani nezinye izifo eziningi, akuyona into enzima kakhulu.