Iziqhingi zase-Indonesia

Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi zingaki iziqhingi zase- Indonesia ? 17,804! Ngokumangalisa, iningi lazo lingenalo igama - lincane futhi alihlali. Kodwa yonke indawo yezwe elimangalisayo sekuyisikhathi eside ifundwe futhi ihluke kakhulu. Ake sithole ukuthi yini ezithakazelisayo kubavakashi.

Iziqhingi ezinkulu kunazo zonke zase-Indonesia

Abantu abahamba phambili kunazo zonke, abahlala kakhulu futhi bathandwayo yizo:

1. I-Kalimantan . Yisiqhingi sesithathu esikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ihlukaniswe phakathi kweMalaysia (26%), iBrunei (1%) ne-Indonesia (73%), nabantu baseMalaysia ababiza isiqhingi saseBorneo, nomakhelwane babo - iKalimantan. Ingxenye ye-Indonesian yensimu ihlukaniswe yizingxenye ezisentshonalanga, eziphakathi, ezenyakatho, eziseMpumalanga naseNingizimu. Imizi emikhulu yiPontianak, Palankaraya, Tanjungsselor, Samarinda, Banjarmasin . I-Kalimantan ihlanganiswe nehlathi, lapha isimo sezulu esiphezulu se-equatorial sezulu sisekhona.
2. I-Sumatra iyisiqhingi sesithupha ngobukhulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nesithathu enkulu kunazo zonke ngokulandela inani lezivakashi eziza e-Indonesia (ngaphandle kwe-Bali ne-Java). Kuzo zombili izihlambi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lesi siqhingi sicebile emifuleni, futhi ichibi elikhulu kakhulu lapha iToba . Izilwane zasendle zaseSomatra zihluke kakhulu, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuphela lapha. Imizi eyinhloko yiMedan , uPalembang noPadang. Isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela le ndawo nguMeyi-Juni noma ngoSepthemba-Okthoba.
3. I-Sulawesi (noma, njengoba ibizwa e-Indonesia, i-Celebes) yisiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Inendlela engavamile kakhulu yemifino ye-orchid nezindawo zezintaba. I-Sulawesi ihlukaniswe ngezifundazwe ezingu-6, amadolobha amakhulu kunazo zonke - iMasas, iMaddodo, i-Bitung. Abagibeli bagubha ubuhle obungavamile bendawo yesiqhingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu lapha: ungavakashela impucuko yamahlathi, ungavakashele isizwe sabantu abakwa-Aboriginal, bese ubona izintaba-mlilo ezinamandla, uhamba ngezindawo eziningi (ugwayi, ilayisi, ikhofi, ukhukhunathi).
4. I-Java iyisiqhingi esimangalisayo e-Indonesia. 30 izintaba-mlilo ezikhuthele, imihlaba enhle kakhulu, izikhangiso eziningi zamasiko (isibonelo, ithempeli laseBorobudur ). EJava yidolobha elikhulu lase-Indonesia - iJakarta . Eminye imizi emikhulu yalesi siqhingi yiSurabaya , Bandung , Yogyakarta . I-Java ibhekwa njengesikhungo sokuhweba, senkolo nezombusazwe sombuso, futhi phakathi kwezokuvakasha kuyingxenye yesibili ekuthandeni ngemuva kweBali nezindawo zokukhangisa ezikhangisiwe.
5. I-New Guinea. Ingxenye esentshonalanga yalesi siqhingi, ene-Indonesia, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Irian Jaya, noma iWest Irian. I-75% yensimu yayo ihlanganiswe nehlathi elingapheli futhi libhekwa njengelodwa ngokwehlukahluka kwemvelo. Le ngxenye ye-Indonesia yiyona encane kakhulu, esezindaweni ezikude kakhulu futhi engasetshenziswanga ikakhulukazi (kufaka phakathi nokuvakasha), ngakho-ke i-Irian Jaya ibhekwa njengesiqhingi esikhulu sase-Indonesia esingaziwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ama-archipelagos angama-32 ase-Indonesia. Ezimbili zazo ziyizona ezinkulu kunazo zonke - iziLwandle zaseMoluccas nase-Lesser Sunda. Ake siwahlole ngokuningiliziwe.

Iziqhingi zaseSunda ezincane

Lezi ziqhingi zineziqhingi ezincane nezinkulu ezingu-6:

1. Bali kuyinto isikhungo sezokuvakasha hhayi kuphela e-Indonesia, kepha futhi nakuyo yonke iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, "isiqhingi" esaziwayo sezindlu eziyinkulungwane. Lapha kuza ukuphumula okuhle: okuningi kumnandi nokuvakashela amathempeli amaningi. Bali ungumholi ongamangalelwa eziqhingini zase-Indonesia ngamaholide ebhishi; lapha kukhona izindawo zokubhuka eziningi zanamuhla, ukuzijabulisa okuhlukahlukene.
2. ULombok - akeze eze ezokuzijabulisa, kodwa ngokuhambela lesi siqhingi esihle kakhulu sase-Indonesia. Iphuzu lokukhangwa yi- volcano Rinjani - majestic futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, iyasebenza. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifunda kubhekwa njengentuthuko encane kulo lonke elase-Indonesia.
3. I-Flores iyisiqhingi samachibi amahle, izintaba nezintaba-mlilo e-Indonesia. Ingqalasizinda yayo encane yezokuvakasha ihlawulwa yizindawo ezinhle kakhulu nesimo esiyingqayizivele. Lapha awutholanga nje imvelo emangalisayo, kodwa futhi nesiko eliyingqayizivele: ingxube yamasiko wamaKatolika nezisekelo zobuqaba.
4. I-Sumbawa - idonsela abahambi ngobuhle bemvelo nomlingo we-volcano yaseTambor . Ulele emgwaqeni ovela eBali kuya esiqhingini saseKomodo, ngakho-ke uyathandwa kakhulu. Ukuhamba , ukuthenga , ukudoba nokubuka izindawo kuyatholakala kulabo abavela kwamanye amazwe.
5. I-Timor iyisiqhingi i-Indonesia ehlanganyela ne-East Timor. Lizungezwe indaba ejabulisayo, ngokusho ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo lesi siqhingi kwakuyi ingwenya enkulu. Namuhla, lokhu kuyindawo enkulu kakhulu, enezindawo ezihlala kuphela ezisogwini. Abavakatjhi beza lapha bezelele.
6. I-Sumba - ngesinye isikhathi yabizwa ngokuthi isiqhingi se-sandal (lesi sihlahla sathunyelwa kusuka lapha eNkathini Ephakathi). Lapha ungakwazi ukukhipha noma ukudonsa, uphumule kahle ogwini noma uhlole izakhiwo zasendulo ze-megalithic.

I-Sunda encane, ibuye ihlukaniswe ibe yiMpumalanga neNtshonalanga (isiqhingi saseBali simile sodwa futhi sibhekwa njengegama elifanayo nesifundazwe sase-Indonesian). Eyokuqala ihlanganisa Flores, Timor, Sumba, kuya kwesibili - Lombok neSumbawa.

I-Moluccas Islands

Phakathi kweNew Guinea neSulawesi itholakala kule ndawo, eyaziwa nangokuthi isiqhingi sezinongo. Leli gama elingavamile lisizathu sokuthi sekukhona isikhathi eside eside sakhula kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphandle, okwenziwa ngazo izinongo. Iyingxenye yeziqhingi zeziqhingi ezingu-1,027. Okuphawulekayo phakathi kwabo:

1. I-Halmahera iyisiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke, kodwa sinabantu abancane. Igama layo lisho ukuthi "umhlaba omkhulu". Kukhona izintaba-mlilo eziningana ezinamandla, amabhishi ashiyiwe nezinhlanzi ezincane. Esikhathini se-Halmaire, izintende zezitshalo zomkhukhu zikhulile ngesilinganiso sezentengiselwano, igolide igobile.
2. I-Seram - ibonakala ngezilwane ezihlukahlukene kakhulu, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuphela. Kodwa-ke, izivakashi zivakashi ezivame kakhulu kulesi siqhingi esikhulu, njengoba ingqalasizinda yaso isakhiwe kahle.
3. I-Buru - i-eco-tourism isebenza ngenkuthalo lapha. Abahambi bafika ukubona i-Rana Lake emangalisayo futhi bahamba ngezinyawo zemvula. Kunezikhumbuzo eziningi zamasiko, ikakhulukazi amagugu ekoloni.
4. Iziqhingi zaseBanda ziyisiza esithandwayo sokudiza e-Indonesia. Kuneziqhingi ezingu-7 ezakhiwe nenhloko yeBananeira. Amahlathi ashisayo asezindaweni ezishisayo afaka ingxenye yomhlabathi, futhi i-volcano esebenzayo eBanda-Ali iheha abathandi be-ecotourism lapha.
5. I-Ambon iyinhloko yamasiko eMoluccas. Kukhona amanyuvesi amaningana nasesikhumulweni sezindiza . Ukukhula kwamakhamera nama-clove yizihloko eziyinhloko zemali engenayo yomnotho wayo.
6. I-Ternate iyidolobha elikhulu elisesiqhingini enyakatho ye-archipelago. Lapha ungabona i-stratovolcano enkulu ngokuphakama kuka-1715 m, ama-clove groves, i-lake egijima ngezingwenya kanye nokuhamba kweminyaka engu-300.

Ezinye iziqhingi ezidumile zase-Indonesia

Uhlu lweziqhingi ezincane kodwa ezivakashelwe e-Indonesia luhlanganisa okulandelayo:

1. I-Gili - itholakala ngasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeLombok. Kukhona amasiko amaningi mahhala lapha kunayo yonke izwe, futhi izivakashi zinikezwa iholide ekhululekile, zihambela amabhishi amahle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-scuba diving.
2. Isiqhingi saseComodo e-Indonesia - esidumile nge-dragon-izimbangela ezingavamile. Lezi yizimbungulu zasendulo, ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Insimu yalesi siqhingi esiseduzane ( Rincha ) inikezwe ngokuphelele epaki kazwelonke yase-Indonesia, kodwa lapha kunezindawo eziningana zokuhlala kwama-aborigines.
3. Isiqhingi sasePalambak eSomatra yisipharadesi langempela lokudilika e-Indonesia. Kukhona ihhotela elilodwa kuphela, eliqinisekisa ukuthi izivakashi zizohlala eholidini elilodwa kakhulu ezweni lonke.
4. Iziqhingi eziyizinkulungwane ziyisiqhingi sezindawo eziningi ezincane ezweni laseJavanese lase-Indonesia. Eqinisweni, kunezinsuku ezingu-105 kuphela, hhayi okungu-1000. Imidlalo yamanzi, ukutadisha ukuhlukahluka kwezinyamazane zasolwandle nama flora kuyathandwa lapha.