Naphezu kokuthi uMbuso WaseRoma wawukhona eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule, siyaqhubeka sisebenzisa izinto ezithile ezitholakalayo zaleso sikhathi kuze kube yilolu suku.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi abantu basendulo baphila ngokumane nangemuva, kodwa labo abacabanga kanjalo abakucabangi ngisho nokuthi bangaphutha kangakanani. Sinezikweletu eziningi kakhulu zamaRoma. Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi? Mayelana nalokhu ngezansi!
1. I-Arches
Ngokuqondile, amaRoma agcwalisa ama-arches asungulwe ngaphambilini. Ubuchwepheshe bamaRoma bavumela ukwakha ama-aqueducts, basilicas, amphitheaters futhi bangesabi ukuthi bazowa. Ezinye izindlela zasendulo zisetshenziselwa ukwakha kuze kube namuhla.
2. IRiphabhulikhi yaseRoma
Ngaphambi kokuba abe umbuso omkhulu omkhulu, iRoma laliyi-republic elincane, amandla ayegxila ezandleni zabase-consuls ababili, ababekhonza njengongameli kanye ne-senate. Futhi lokhu ngesikhathi lapho iningi lala mazwe lilawulwa yizinkosi.
3. Ukuzikhandla
AmaRoma afunde ukukhiqiza ikhonkri elihlala njalo, elingcono izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane kunezinto eziningi zokwakha zesimanje. Kuhlekwa amanga ukuthi ukwakheka okunamandla okukhulu kudalwe nguMark Vitruvius kusuka emlilweni womlilo oqhumayo, umklamo namanzi olwandle. Kule minyaka, lolu xhumano lwakhula kuphela, ngakho-ke ezinye izakhiwo zekhonkolo zimi ngokuphepha namuhla, kanti ukukhonjelwa kwanamuhla iminyaka engama-50 kuyahlula uthuli.
4. Izethulo (imibukiso)
AmaRoma ayathanda ukuhambisa. Ababusi abaningi baqonda ukuthi lo mdlalo okhangayo wawuzosiza ukuphakamisa izilinganiso zabo, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlelwa kwemicimbi yamahhala. Ezokuzijabulisa ezinye zaseRoma - ezinjengezinqola zezinqola, ukulwa kwezempi noma ukudlala kwezemidlalo - zathola umoya wesibili esikhathini sethu.
5. Imigwaqo nemigwaqo
Lapho nje amaRoma ezwa zonke izintelezi zomgwaqo, baqala ukwakha kuwo wonke umbuso. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-700, kwafakwa amabhuloho angaba ngu-90 000km. Futhi yonke imigwaqo yenzelwe kahle. Abanye babo baye basinda nanamuhla.
6. Ikhalenda leJulian
Emlandweni wamaRoma, kwakukhona amakhalenda amaningi ahlukene, kodwa ukuhlolwa kukaJulian kwayeka. Ikhalenda lamanje lakwaGregory lisekelwe ngokuqondile kulokhu kusungulwa kwamaRoma.
7. zokudlela
AmaRoma ayemthanda ukudla ngokumnandi endaweni ekhululekile, ngakho-ke babephethe kakhulu amalungiselelo okudlela. Isidlo saseRoma esivamile sasinezingxenye ezintathu: ukudla okulula, inkambo enkulu kanye ne-dessert. Ngesikhathi sokudla etafuleni, kwakukhona cishe iwayini njalo. Futhi amaRoma ayengayiphuza lapho efuna, kanti amaGreki kwadingeka aqale ukuphuza utshwala ngemva kokudla.
8. Ukubopha Amabhuku
Ngaphambi kokuba amaRoma avele nomqondo wokuthi izingxenye ezihlukene zedokhumenti / umsebenzi owodwa ungahlanganiswa ndawonye, wonke amarekhodi asemaceleni ahlukene, amaphilisi amatshe, nemiqulu.
9. Ukutholakala kwamanzi
Uhlelo lwepayipi lwamanzi lwaluyisuthuko sokuvuselela. Konke kwaqala ngamanzi, okwavumela ukuletha amanzi asebenzayo ezindaweni ezithuthukile. Ngemva kwesikhashana, kwavela amapayipi amanzi ahola, okwenza amanzi ahlinzeke ezindaweni eziningi zombuso.
10. I-Courier service
Umbusi waseRoma wase-Augustus wadala inkonzo yokuqala yeposi, ebizwa ngokuthi uCursus Publicus. Wayehlanganyela ekudluliseni amaphepha abalulekile ngesandla esisodwa. U-Agasti wayeqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuzovikela ulwazi olubalulekile, futhi kwakulungile!
11. I-Colosseum
Futhi namuhla izinkulungwane zabantu ziza kulokhu okuphawulekayo.
12. Uhlelo olusemthethweni
Umthetho wamaRoma wawuhlanganisa zonke izici zokuphila. Imithetho yamatafula ayishumi nambili adluliselwa kubo bonke abakhileyo umbuso. Ngokwale mithetho, wonke amaRoma athola amalungelo nemithetho ethile yomthetho.
13. Amaphephandaba
Amaphephandaba okuqala ahlanganisa amarekhodi alokho okwakwenzeka emihlanganweni ye-senate. Lezi zinto zatholakala kuphela kubaphathi benhlangano. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umcibisholo wabonakala kubantu. Iphephandaba lokuqala lokuqala lalibizwa nge-Acta diurna.
14. Igrafiti
Yebo, yebo, lokhu akusona isakhi samanje. Ukudweba kwamehlo kwakhiwa emuva ezinsukwini zaseRoma lasendulo. Izindonga eziningi zasePompeii - idolobha, elingcwatshwe ngaphansi komlotha weVesuvius - inqwaba.
15. Usizo lomphakathi
I-plebeians - ababizwa ngokuthi abameleli besigaba sokusebenza eRoma. Babecishe bangenawo amandla bodwa, kodwa kungaba yingozi eziphathimandla uma bebuthene eqenjini futhi bevusa ukuvukela. Eqaphela lokhu, uMbusi uTrajan wadala uhlelo lokuvikela umphakathi olwenzela amalungu omphakathi angenayo imali ukuthola usizo lwabacebile. Umbusi u-Agasti wayebhubhisa njalo abantu ngesinkwa nama-circuses.
16. Ukushisa okuphakathi
Amasistimu okuqala afakwe ikakhulukazi emabhishini okugeza. Umlilo ovuthayo ovuthayo wavutha hhayi kuphela igumbi, kodwa futhi amanzi aphethwe endlini yokugeza.
17. Imithi yezempi
Ezikhathini zasendulo, amasosha ngokwawo kwakudingeka azize lapho kwenzeka ukulimala empini. UMbusi uTrajan waqala ukuthuthukisa imithi. Okokuqala emabuthweni ezempi kwavela odokotela abangakwazi ukuqhuba imisebenzi elula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwadalwa izibhedlela ezikhethekile, lapho amasosha abalimele kakhulu asekelwa khona.
18. Ama-Roman Numeral
Ngesikhathi seMbusweni, yebo, basebenzisa kakhulu kakhulu. Kodwa nanamuhla amanani amaRoma awakhohliwe.
19. Ukungcola
Ama-sewers wokuqala aseRoma aqala ngo-500 BC. Yiqiniso, ngalezo zinsuku babengahlosiwe ukukhipha amanzi okugeza, kodwa ukukhipha amanzi ngesikhathi sokukhukhula.
20. Isigaba se-Caesarea
UCesari wabuye wanquma ukuthi bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe abafa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kufanele baqotshwe. Inhloso eyinhloko yalo myalelo kwakuwukugcina izingane. Emakhulwini eminyaka inqubo ithuthukisiwe futhi manje ngosizo lwayo lwemithi yesimanje asindisa izingane kuphela, kodwa futhi kaningi kuyanciphisa isiphetho sebesifazane abahamba phambili.
21. Izinsimbi zokwelapha
Kuvela ukuthi amaRoma ayenamathuluzi amaningi asetshenziswe namuhla. Phakathi kwabo - isibuko segciwane kanye ne-rectal noma i-catheter yamadoda, isibonelo.
22. Izinhlelo Zokuhlela Urban
AmaRoma ayethanda ukuhlela ukuhlelwa kwedolobha. Lapho beklama imizi, abadala bathi indawo efanele yezingqalasizinda ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezokuhweba nokukhiqiza.
23. Izindlu zokuhlala
Izakhiwo eziningi zokuhlala zifana nezakhiwo zanamuhla zokuhlala. Abanikazi bezindlu babanikezela abameleli besigaba sokusebenza abangenakukwazi ukwakha noma ukuthenga amakhaya abo.
24. Izimpawu zomgwaqo
Yebo, yebo, amaRoma asendulo nawo awasebenzisa. Izimpawu kubonise ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana naluphi uhlangothi lwalowo noma lo muzi, nokuthi kungakanani ibanga elizoliqeda ukuze lifike kulo.
25. Ukudla okusheshayo
Yiqiniso, singaqhubeka nokukholelwa ukuthi ukudla kokudla okusheshayo okusheshayo - "iMcDonald's", kodwa eqinisweni, ngisho nasezinsukwini zoMbuso WaseRoma, kwakukhona izinto ezifana nokudla okusheshayo. Okubizwa okuthiwa i-popinas-yokudla okudala-okunikezwe ukudla okunikezwayo, futhi lo mkhuba wawuthandwa kakhulu.