- Ikheli: Jaani 5, 51007 Tartu, Estonia;
- Iwebhusayithi: jaanikirik.ee;
- Ifoni: +372 744 2229;
- Isikhathi sokusebenza: Mon. - Sat. kusuka ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-19: 00.
Elinye lamasonto amadala kunawo wonke e- Estonia yiSonto LaseSt. John eTartu , elakhiwe ngesitayela samaGothic esikhathini se-XIV. Iyaziwa njengesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele sezakhiwo, ngoba sinomfanekiso omkhulu wezithombe ze-terracotta. Kuze kube yilolu suku okwedlule izingcezu ezingu-1000 zisinde, ngayinye yazo ineminyaka engaphezu kuka-700 ubudala.
Izikole zesonto
Imininingwane yangempela ye-terracotta yobumba olubhakaboni ingabonwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, kodwa futhi ngaphandle. Ukunciphisa okunjalo akutholakali kunoma iyiphi ithempeli kulo lonke elaseYurophu. ISonto LaseSt. John lingumkhakha wesintu owedlula wonke wedolobha futhi liyisiqhingi esinama-naves amathathu. Ezingxenyeni zenziwa izindwangu, eziyizithombe zabavangeli abangu-12, kanye noMariya uMariya noJesu Kristu.
Kuze kube manje, akuwona wonke ama-sculptures afinyelele, ngakho-ke ema-niches odongeni oluyinhloko ungacabangela lezi zithombe eziphathekayo zababusi. Enye indlela yokwakhiwa iseduze neve enkulu. Ubonisa leli qembu noJesu ehlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi esazungezwe abangcwele. Ukuhamba nxazonke zesakhiwo, ungaqonda ukuthi kungani lesi sakhiwo sishaywa ngamahemuhemu angamanga, ngoba isicabha sibheka abantu izibalo ezingavamile nabantu.
Umlando weSonto
Isakhiwo sokuqala sokhuni sabonakala eTartu ngasekupheleni kwe-12 noma ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, kodwa emva nje kokunqotshwa kwensimu i-Order of the Swordmen yakha ithempeli lezitini. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwebandla likaSt. John uMbhapathizi kudala ngo-1323. Kuzo zonke izingxenye zesikhathi esidala kakhulu umbhoshongo omkhulu, isisekelo saso isakhiwo sezingodo.
Ngemuva kwezinguquko nokuqothulwa kombhishobhi waseDorpatian, ibandla laba amaLuthela. Phakathi neMpi YaseNyakatho, ingxenye engenhla yombhoshongo yabhujiswa, kanye nezindonga zamakhoya kanye ne-central nave. Ukuvuselelwa komhlaba wonke ka-1820-1830 kwaholela ekubeni iningi lezangaphakathi libhujiswe, futhi ezinye izithombe zavalwa.
Baye bakwazi ukufika kubo ngemuva kokubuyiselwa kobuciko obuqalile ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komklami waseBokslaf. Isonto lashiswa ngokuphelele phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, futhi ngo-1952 i-nave ephakathi yawa, kodwa umsebenzi wokubuyisela waqala kuphela ngo-1989 futhi waqhubeka kuze kube ngu-2005. Namuhla iSonto LaseSt. John liyithempeli elisebenzayo kanye nokuheha okubalulekile kwezokuvakasha kweTartu.
Ulwazi oluwusizo lwabavakashi
Ukuvakashela isonto, udinga ukwazi imithetho embalwa. Okokuqala, ukungena kwabavakashi abangashadile kuyisikhulu, kodwa amaqembu akhokhiswa i-euro ngayinye ngayinye. Enye yezintandokazi ezithandayo zezivakashi ukukhuphukela emgodini wokubuka, ohlinzeka ngombono omuhle wesikhungo semlando yedolobha. Uma uye eTartu ebusika, kufanele usebenzise kusengaphambili ukuze ufike phezulu. Labo abakhuphuka emgodini wokubona, akuvunyelwe ukuphuza utshwala noma uthinte izindonga ngezandla zakho. Kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-14 ubudala, ukungena kombhoshongo ongahambisani kuvaliwe.
Labo abaye bavakashela kakade isonto bayelulekwa ukuba bajikeleze isakhiwo esiseduze ukuze bathole ubuso obuhlekayo ebusweni. Izithombe ezithakazelisayo zitholakala ngemuva kwendlu nodrako, etholakala eceleni kwesonto. Ithempeli livulekile ukuvakashelwa kusukela ngoLwesibili kuya ngoMgqibelo, ivaliwe ngoMsombuluko nangeSonto. Amahora wokuvula aqala ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama. Ehlobo, usuku lokusebenza ludluliselwa ngehora elilodwa.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokucwaningwa kwezinto zakudala ngaphansi kwesonto kwatholakala ithuneni lokutholwa lekhulu le-12. Ithempeli lisetshenziselwa injongo yalo ehlosiwe kuphela, kodwa futhi njengendawo yesikhonsathi. Kulapha ukuthi uMkhosi Womculo Wama-Winter wenza isonto, ngokudlala ngabaculi bomculo kanye nabaculi abadumile bama-opera.
Ungafika kanjani?
Isonto lise: Jaani, 5. Ungaya ethempelini ngokuthutha umphakathi, isibonelo, ngebhasi inombolo 8 noma inombolo engu-16.