I-term encephalopathy isho ukuthinta amangqamuzana ebuchopho kwanoma yiziphi izinto eziphilayo noma i-hypoxia, ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemisebenzi yayo. Lokhu kuxilongwa kuvame ukuboniswa kubantu abaneminyaka eyishumi nambili ubudala, kodwa, ngeshwa, kwenzeka ezinganeni. I-encephalopathy ezinganeni inezibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Okulandelayo, sizocabangela izimbangela, ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kanye nemiphumela engenzeka yokukhathazeka kwengane enganeni.
Izimbangela ze-encephalopathy enganeni
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zokubeletha ezinsana zingabandakanya izifo ezithathelwana nge-intrauterine, ukulimala kokubeletha (ukuphumula nokuvimbela izinkinga), i-cephalomatomas, ukuphathwa kwenani elikhulu lezidakamizwa noma izinto ezinobuthi (i-pathological jaundice yengane esanda kuzalwa) esikhathini sokuqala sokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-hypoxia ekusebenzeni (inqola ngaphambi kwesikhathi esivamile ukucindezeleka kwe- placenta nokubeletha ekubelethweni), kanye nokukhubazeka kwesakhiwo semithambo yegazi ebuchosheni obuphazamisa ukunikezwa kwegazi.
Ukubambezeleka kokuhlala emntwaneni
Ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kokuhlala phansi, kuyisiko ukuqonda izenzakalo ezihleliwe ezizibonakalisa esikhathini esikude ngemva kokunqotshwa kwezicubu zesifo. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokulondeka kwe-encephalopathy yilezi:
- ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo (isikhathi esifushane nesikhathi eside);
- Imizwa evamile ishintsha phakathi nosuku (ikhono lomzwelo);
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala (ubuthongo obunzima bungenziwa esikhundleni sokubuthwa);
- izinkinga zezinzwa ngendlela yokuzondeka kanye nezinsizwa, ezingenakulungiswa ukwelashwa;
- ubuthakathaka, u-malaise.
Ngezinhlobo ezimbi zomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa eziphakathi, ukuxilwa kwe-resiceal encephalopathy kungabonakala njengokukhubazeka, i-paresis, ukuzamazama okuncane njengeluhlobo lwe-parkinsonism. Ukubambezeleka okunjalo ekukhuleni kungabonakalisa njengokunciphisa kwengqondo, ukukhuluma nokuhamba ngokubambisana, ukuzwa kanye nokukhubazeka kombono, ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kanye nokuhlukunyezwa.
Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwe-encephalopathy
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-encephalopathy akubangeli ubunzima ngesikhathi sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa futhi kwenziwa yi-neonatologists esibhedlela sokubeletha. Ukwenza i-diagnostic efanele, udinga ukuhlola ikhadi lomama wokushintshanisa, uqoqe anamnesis wakhe uphinde ucele isazi sezifo-gynecologist mayelana nezici zezemfundo.
I-encephalopathy, ebangelwa i-jaundice ye-pathological, iphathwa ngezibani ezikhethekile ze-ultraviolet, futhi uma kunesidingo, i-dropper imisiwe. Ezimweni ezinzima zomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi, umntwana angadluliselwa ekliniki ekhethekile yokunakekela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ukwehla kwesifo somzimba, njengomthetho, kungumphumela wokulimala okujulile kwisistimu yenzwa yomphakathi. Ukuxilongwa kwakhe kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba uphenye ngokucophelela ama-anamnesis empilweni yengane, izici zokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Indawo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni okufanele ilandelwa izindlela ezengeziwe zokuphenya
Lapho ukwelashwa kwe-residual encephalopathy, izidakamizwa ze-vascular, multivitamines, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye nama-anticonvulsants zithatha indawo ebalulekile.
Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukunxanxathela kwengane kubangelwa ukulimala komqondo, okuyinto kwezinye izimo ezizikhumbuza yona ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi. Ukuze ugweme ukunqotshwa okunjalo, kubalulekile ukubhalisa ukukhulelwa, ukuba uhlole zonke izidingo ezidingekayo futhi uhambisane nombuso oqondile wosuku.