Imfundo yanamuhla ibeka abazali abaningi ekupheleni kokufa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhulisweni kwengane. Ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, inamba enkulu yezinkomba kanye nezinhlelo zemfundo zenziwe ekufundiseni, okunye okukhona okukhona. Ngokuyinhloko, namuhla isikole samahhala seWaldorf sijabulela ukuthandwa kakhulu emazweni amaningi. Izimiso zayo kanye nezici zayo zizoxoxwa kamuva.
Isikole saseValdorsfka - isisekelo sayo kanye nemvelaphi yayo
Enye yezinhlelo zezemfundo emikhulu kunazo zonke ezenza kube khona umcabango ovela e-Austria Rudolf Steiner. Isazi sefilosofi nomlobi wezincwadi eziningi nezinkulumo zenkolo, umnotho kanye nesayensi, wadala i-anthroposophy ("anthropos" - umuntu, "sophia" - ukuhlakanipha) - imfundiso enomgomo wokuveza amakhono alele kumuntu ngosizo lwezindlela ezikhethekile nokuzivocavoca. Ngo-1907, uSteiner washicilela incwadi yakhe yokuqala ngemfundo. Futhi ngo-1919 edolobheni laseJalimane laseStuttgart isikole sasungulwa, ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zakhe zokufundisa. Lo mcimbi wusizwa yisicelo sika-Emil Molta, owayekuleli dolobha owayengumnikazi wemboni yegwayi "Waldorf-Astoria". Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi igama elithi Waldorf alisho nje kuphela igama lesikole, kodwa futhi liphawu lokuhweba.
Izimiso ze-Waldorf Method
Iyiphi indlela yeWaldorf, eye yaba khona emhlabeni wonke iminyaka eyikhulu manje?
Izimiso ze-Waldorf zokufundisa zilula: ingane inikezwa ithuba lokuthuthukisa ngesivinini sayo, hhayi ukuzama ukugijimela phambili futhi "ukungena" ikhanda ngolwazi. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kubhalwa ekuthuthukiseni ngokomoya nangendlela yomuntu ngamunye umfundi ngamunye. Ngamanye amazwi, isisekelo se-Waldorf pedagogy sisekelwe ezimisweni ezilandelayo ezingenakuqedwa:
- Isimiso "sokuvumelanisa impilo engokomoya." Enye yezinhloso eziyinhloko othisha ukuthuthukiswa okulinganayo kwentando, imizwa nokucabanga. Othisha bayazi ukuthi lezi zimfanelo zizibonakalisa kanjani ngeminyaka ehlukene futhi zinike isikhathi ngokuvumelana nokuvuthwa kwabafundi.
- Ukufundisa "ama-epochs". Leli gama linesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, okungaba amasonto angu-3-4. Ekupheleni "kwenkathi ngayinye," izingane azizwa zingakhathali, kodwa zikhuphuka amandla, ziqaphela ukuthi zingakuthola okuthile.
- Isimiso "sokuvumelanisa imvelo yomphakathi." Ngamanye amazwi, othisha banakekele kakhulu imvelo yengane, ukuze kungabikho lutho olungamcindezela futhi lungaphazamisi ukuthuthukiswa kobuntu bakhe.
- Izidingo ezengeziwe zobuntu bomfundisi. I-Walldorf Pedagogy isho ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kungenziwa kuphela umuntu oqhubeka ethuthukisa futhi ethuthukisa.
- Indlela yomuntu ngamunye. Isimiso sokuthi "musa ukulimaza" kulokhu kuhlanganisa impilo yengqondo nengqondo yomfundi. Isibonelo, uhlelo lokufunda ngaphandle kokulinganisa lunikeza ithuba lokuzimela wena komuntu obuthakathaka kunabanye. Umncintiswano owodwa owamukelekayo esikoleni ngumzabalazo wabanamuhla ngokwawo ngezolo, ukuthuthukiswa kwempumelelo nempumelelo.
- Imisebenzi ehlangene. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuntu beHarmonic kuqondiswa kakhulu ngumsebenzi weqembu, okwenza kube lula ukwenza itlasi ibe nobungane futhi ingenakuphikisana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amakilasi omculo, ukuvocavoca kwe-Boomer, i-eurythmy, ukucula kwezingoma, njll. Isici esiyinhloko esihlanganisa izingane yilapho uthisha, osondelene iminyaka eminingi yokuqeqesha.
Ubuchwepheshe besikole saseWaldorf abubonakaliswa ngabalandeli abaningi bezemfundo zakudala. Noma kunjalo, kukhona abalandeli bezici zalo:
- Uthisha weklasi (umuntu ofanayo, uthisha nomnakekeli kumuntu oyedwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili) uhola isifundo sokuqala amahora amabili. Isifundo sokuqala esikoleni njalo siyinhloko.
- Uma ezikoleni ezijwayelekile izifundo zezifundo ziyinhloko, khona-ke esikoleni saseWaldorf kunokwengeziwe ukunakekelwa
unikezwa ubuciko, umculo, izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, njll. - Azikho izincwadi zokufunda esikoleni. Incwadi yokusebenzela iyithuluzi eliyinhloko. Kuyinto uhlobo lwedayari lapho abantwana babonisa khona ulwazi lwabo nokuthi yini abaye bafunda. Kuphela ezingeni eliphezulu kunezincwadi ezimbalwa ezifundweni eziyisisekelo.
Namuhla, ukubambisana kwezikole zaseWaldorf emhlabeni wonke kuyisikhungo semfundo lapho izingane zihlonishwa khona futhi zingamthandi ingane yabo. Umgomo oyinhloko wabalandeli bakaSteiner ukuthuthukisa ingane ngendlela yokwazi nokulungiselela okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka impilo yomuntu omdala.