I-Typhus fever

Lesi sifo esithathelwanayo esimweni esiyingozi senzeke lapho kulunywa umuthi wesilwane esinegciwane noma ezinye izilwane ezithintekile. Umkhuhlane we-Typhus uhambisana nomkhuhlane, izibonakaliso zokudakwa ngokweqile komzimba nokubukeka kwe-maculopapular rash. Manje isifo emazweni athuthukile asenzeki, kaningi sithinta izakhamuzi zase-Afrika nase-Asia.

Izimpawu ze-typhus ezithwalwe ngamakhaza

Njengezinye izifo, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziningana.

Isikhathi sokutshala

Ihlala ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu futhi ihambisana nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lifinyelela kuma-degree angu-40;
• ukushisa, okulandelwa yi-chill;
• ukoma;
• okubukwayo, okucacile kanye ne-auditory hyperesthesia;
• ukuhlanza.

Isigaba esilula lesi sifo

Umkhuhlane uhlala ngesonto nengxenye, futhi ezinsukwini ezintathu zokugcina kube khona ukudonsa kokushisa.

Phakathi nesikhathi sonke somkhuhlane, isiguli sikhathazekile yizibonakaliso ezilandelayo ze-typhus:

• ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha, okugxila esifundeni se-lumbar;
• izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elibambezelekile;
• ukwanda ngobukhulu besipen;
• ukuwa kwegazi;
• i-hyperemia yesikhumba sobubuso nokubomvu kwamehlo.

Ngokuqhubeka kwe-typhus kukhona izimpawu ezinjalo:

1. Endaweni ethintekile yesikhumba ibonakala kuthintela okuyinhloko, evezwe ukungena okuncane kwamanani amancane, enobunzima obomvu obomvu. Lokhu kwakheka kuhambisana nokubunjwa kwe-lymphadenitis, okubonakala ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes.
2. Ukuphazamiseka kutholakala ngemuva, esifubeni, ezindaweni zokuhamba kwezitho, izinyawo nezintende. I-rash iphikelela kulo lonke izwe le-febrile futhi ngokuvamile ngemva kwalesi sifo, ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba kwakha endaweni yayo.
3. Ezimweni ezinzima, isimo se-typhoid siqala, okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukukhuluma, ukuhlukumeza kwengqondo ngokweqile nokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ukulala okungenangqondo nephupho elimnandi kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi iziguli ziyesaba ukulala.

Ukubuyisela

Njengokuphulukisa, izimpawu ze-typhus ziqala ukuqeda. Lesi sikhathi sibonakala ngokunciphisa ukushona. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amaviki amabili, isiguli sikhathazekile ngokunganaki, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu besikhumba.

Izinkinga ze-typhus ezithwalwe ngamakethi

Lesi sifo singabangela ukubonakala kwemiphumela enzima kangaka:

• ukuphazamiseka okwesabekayo, okuhambisana nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• imiphumela yalesi sifo ingaba i-thromboembolism, i-myocarditis ne-thrombosis;
• ukunqotshwa kwesimiso sezinzwa (i-meningitis);
• Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwesibili, i-pneumonia, i- thrombophlebitis ne-furunculosis ziqala ukuthuthukisa;
• Ukuphumula kombhede kunamandla okubangela ukulala.

Ukwelashwa kwe-typhus

Iziguli eziphethwe yi-typhus kufanele zithathe ama-antibiotic ezicindezela i-pathogen. Lezi zidakamizwa zihlanganisa i-Levomycetin ne-Tetracycline, ukwamukelwa okungenziwa okungenani izinsuku eziyishumi.

Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukwelashwa ukusebenzisa i-antipyretics (Ibuprofen, i-Paracetamol), i-glycosides (i-Strophatin). Njengomthetho, isiguli sinqunywe ukwelashwa kwe-infusion, okuhlinzeka ukusetshenziswa izingoma ze-crystalloid ne-colloidal.

Uma kwenzeka izinkinga, imithi enjalo ingahle ibekwe:

• emazingeni okuqala isiguli sinikezwa uHeparin;
• ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-thrombosis isebenzisa ama- anticoagulants (Heparin, Phenilin noFraksiparin);
• lapho umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa uphazamiseka, i-Haloperidol, i-Seduxen.

Njengomthetho, isibikezelo sinomusa. Isiguli siphenduka ngokuphelele, kwakungekho amacala okwenzeka ezenzakalweni ezisele. Amathuba okuba nomphumela obulalayo uma kungabikho ukwelashwa okulungile ngu-15%.