- Indawo: Isifundazwe saseNxweme, eKenya (phakathi kweNairobi neMombasa)
- Ingqikithi yendawo: amamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-22 ezindawo . km.
- Unyaka wesisekelo: 1944.
- Izindleko zokuvakashela: umuntu omdala - amadola angu-65, izingane - 30
I-Tsavo National Park ingenye yezindawo zokugcina ezinkulu ezweni, elisezweni eliyingqayizivele laseKenya . Insimu yayo inendawo engama-4% yendawo yonke yombuso futhi ingamakhilomitha angu-22 000 square. Inqolobane yindawo enkulu yokulondolozwa kwemvelo, eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe, futhi ihlanganisa neWestern Tsavo neMpumalanga Tsavo. Ngo-1948, zombili izingosi zazivikelwe.
Lapha kunezibonelo ezingavamile zezilwane ezibalwe eNcwadini Ebomvu. Epaki likazwelonke kutholakala eziningi ezincelisayo ezinkulu ezifakwe ku "Big Five". Ngakho-ke, lapha kuphila abantu abaningi kunazo zonke zezindlovu zase-Afrika, ezithatha abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa. Lezi zilwane zithanda ukuzithelela ngobumba obomvu, ngakho-ke zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izindlovu ezibomvu" (Indlovu Ebomvu). Ngisho lapha kukhona izilwane eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amahlanu, kuhlanganise nezinyoni ezifudukayo. Iningi lonyaka, ngaphandle kuka-Okthoba -Novemba no-Ephreli-Meyi, kushisa kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, kulelo gagasi ligeleza umfula uGalana, okuyindawo yokunisela izinyoni nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.
Eastern Tsavo
Insimu ye-Eastern Tsavo, empeleni, iyindawo enqabileyo yase-savanna, ehlanganiswe nezihlahla kanye nemifula eminingi. Ukuvakashela kuphela ingxenye engeningizimu ye-reserve, lapho umfula ugeleza khona, uvulekile. Ngakho-ke, izivakashi azithandi ukushayela kulezi zingxenye, zizishiya injabulo yokujabulela izinhlobo ezihlukile zendawo. Nansi ipulazi elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - i-Yatta plateau, eyakhiwe kusuka ku-lava ehlile.
Ukuze izivakashi zijabulele ngokugcwele imvelo yasendle, ikamu elikhethekile eliseduze, lapho ungachitha ubusuku futhi ubukele izilwane zase-Afrika: i-buffalo, i-impala antelope, i-kudu, izimbuzi zamanzi njalonjalo. Futhi emthunzini wezivakashi ze-"feverish" izivakashi zizozwa ukukhamuluka okusuka enhliziyweni kohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomqhele (okwesibhakabhaka).
Ngesikhathi sesomiso, idamu lase-Aruba, lapho izilwane zifika emgodini wokunisela, cishe zimile ngokuphelele. Kulesi simo, izilwane ziya emfuleni i-Athi, emanzini aphelele (ngoMeyi, ngoJuni, ngoNovemba) avela kuwo wonke ubuhle bawo futhi iphetha ngamanzi abilayo e-Lugarard. Emagodini ahlala emanzini amaningi anamaNayile, azingela izilwane ezincelisayo ezingalindelekile ukuzama ukucima ukoma kwazo.
E-Eastern Tsavo ungabona izindlovu, izintshe, amavubu, ama-cheetah, izingonyama, amakhirayi, umhlambi wezingodo kanye nama-antelopes. Eduzane ne-waterfall yindawo yokugcina ama-black rhinoceroses. Zonke izimo zokwandisa inani lalezi zilwane zidalwe lapha, ngoba inani labaphangi lancipha laba abantu abangamashumi amahlanu ngenxa yabalimi. Kulesi sigaba sepaki kukhona indawo yokuhlala kuyo izinyoni eziningi ezifudukayo zifika lapha ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba ukusuka eYurophu. Lapha kunabakhi bezimanzi, ama-palm vultures, ama-weavers nezinye izinyoni.
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Iyini i-Western Tsavo?
Insimu yaseWestern Tsavo, uma iqhathaniswa neMpumalanga, incane kakhulu. Bahlukaniswa yi-motorway main A109 kanye nomzila wesitimela. Indawo yalesi sigaba sepaki kazwelonke yizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa zamakhilomitha. Kodwa-ke, kunezitshalo nezilwane ezihlukene kakhulu, kulezi zingxenye kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 zezilwane ezincelisayo. Ezinsukwini ezikhanyayo ezivela phezulu lapha ungabona indawo enhle yaseNtaba yaseKilimanjaro . I-landscape yaseWestern Tsavo inamandla kakhulu futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo lapha kunengxenye esempumalanga.
Lapha kukhona futhi iChulu - lezi yizintaba ezincane ezakhiwe emlilweni ocindezelekile ngenxa yokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Ziyakhula ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili futhi zithole umswakama, bese zibuyisela imithombo engaphansi komhlaba, zibuyisele emhlabathini. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, intaba yentaba encane kunazo zonke iminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu. Le ngxenye ye-Tsavo Park neziphethu ezingaphansi komhlaba zeMzima Springs ziyaziwa, ezihumusha ngokuthi "ziphila". Ngokukhululwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, indawo yokugcina indawo yakha imithi eminingi yamanzi, ehlinzeka ngezilwane ezincelisayo ngokuswakama okubalulekile. Lapha ungavame ukuthola amavubu ama-bathers, nasezintabeni eziluhlaza ezizungezile echibini, zizulazula ama-rhinoceroses amhlophe namnyama. Lezi zinsuku zibonakala kuphela ebusuku, phakathi nomsebenzi wazo, njengoba lezi zilwane zilindele emthunzini wezihlahla ngesikhathi sokushisa komusi.
Izilwane ezincelisayo ezihamba phambili zihambisana njalo nalabo okuthiwa bahlanza izinyoni, okusiza owokuqala ukuqeda izimpungushe nemikhaza ehlala phezu kwesikhumba. Ngoba lezi zinambuzane ezinama-feathered zihlala ngokudla. Khona-ke i-savan engapheli nezakhamuzi zayo eziningi zivula. Lapha, ngaphandle kwabakhileyo base-Afrika, nezilwane ezingavamile kakhulu, njenge-antelope gerenuk kanye ne-giraffe gazelle, ehlanganisa intamo yayo engavamile ukuba ifinyelele amaqabunga ezitshalo ezikhula kakhulu, futhi iphile. Izidakamizwa zivame ukondla izilwane ezifile futhi ezibuthakathaka, ngakho-ke "ukukhethwa kwemvelo" kwenzeka - kuphela abantu abanempilo nabaqinile abangaphila futhi bazalise. Futhi, "abahlengikazi" bendawo bahlanza izwe lokuduna nokugula okuhlobene.
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Amabhubesi-izidleke ezisuka e-Tsavo Park
Ngo-1898 ukwakhiwa kwesitimela kwafika esigodini soMfula i-Tsavo. Umsebenzi wephutha ukulahlekelwa abasebenzi abaningana. Ngokushesha abantu bathola ukuthi bazingelwa izingonyama ezimbili ezinkulu ezungeze ikamu. Ubude bezilwane ezidliwayo kwakungaba ngamamitha amathathu, izilwane zazingenwa ngamanese, nakuba bobabili babengamadoda. Lezi zilwane zilandelwa ngokukhethekile, bese zibulala izisulu zabo, hhayi ngenxa yokuthi zalambile, kodwa nje zibajabulisa. Kwaphela izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kwabulawa abantu abangamashumi amathathu kuya kwekhulu. Abasebenzi bashiya konke bahamba ekhaya. Khona-ke umphathi wezokwakha wanquma ukubeka izicupho, izilwane ezazigwema ngokuhlakanipha. Ngemva kwalokhu, uJohn Patterson waqala ukuzingela izidumbu futhi waqala ukubulala eyodwa, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana isilo sesibili.
Amabhubesi avela e-Tsavo isikhathi eside angena ezindabeni zendabuko kanye nasezindabeni. Mayelana nababulali bendawo, ngisho namafilimu amaningana adutshulwa:
- Ngo-1952, "Nkosi Devil";
- ngo-1996, "The Ghost and Darkness";
- ngo-1959 "amaKillers of Kilimanjaro".
Ungafika kanjani e-Tsavo National Reserve?
Ukuhamba emgwaqweni omkhulu ukusuka eMombasa ukuya e- Nairobi noma emuva, uzodlula ngesango eliyinhloko lalelo ndawo. Zonke izingqungquthela kanye nemibhikisho imakwe ngezibonakaliso. Ungangena ebhasini (intengo cishe ngamakhulu amahlanu shillings) noma ukuqasha imoto, kanye ngokushesha nokuhamba okuhlelekile.
Abavakashi, abaye bavakashela le ndawo yokugcina, beza lapha ngokuphindaphindiwe. Isikhathi esichithwa ensimini ye-Tsavo eKenya asinakwanele ukubona zonke ezikhangayo zendawo. Intengo yamathikithi ngamadola angamashumi amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu kwabafundi kanye nabantu abadala ngokulandelana.
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