I-smear ebusweni ibhekisela ezinkambisweni zemizimba ejwayelekile. Ngokuqondile lolu cwaningo lusiza ekusunguleni ukwakheka kwe-microflora yezitho zobulili kwabesifazane, ukukhomba ama-causative agents of diseases gynecological. Ake sicabangele le nqubo ngokuningiliziwe, sizobiza izinhloso kanye nezici zokwenziwa kwayo, izinkomba zokujwayelekile.
Yini i-swab ephuma kwesifazane?
Abesifazane, abaqondiswa kulolu cwaningo okokuqala, bavame ukuba nesithakazelo kumbuzo walokho okushiwo yi-gynecological smear nokuthi kwenzekani. Lolu cwaningo oluncane lwe-laboratory lubonisa okuqukethwe kwe-microflora ku-urethra (urethra), ubulili nesisu somlomo wesibeletho. Ngokushesha lezi zitho zesimiso somzimba we-urino-wesifazane zivezwe emiphumeleni yama-microorganisms we-pathogenic.
Ngokusho kwemiphumela yocwaningo, udokotela angakwazi ukwahlulela isimo jikelele sohlelo lokuzala, ukukhomba ukukhathazeka kwamanje ezinyathelweni zokuqala, lapho bengabonakali emtholampilo. Lapho senza isisindo, izinkomba ezilandelayo zihlolwa:
- inani lama-leukocyte;
- inani lamaseli e-epithelial;
- ukutholakala kwe-lactobacilli;
- ukutholakala kwe-pathogenic microflora (Trichomonas, gonococci, isikhunta).
Smear on the flora - kanjani ukulungiselela?
Ukuze smear gynecological babonise isimo umgomo ohlelweni lokuzala, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nenombolo ethile yemithetho:
- Ukukhipha ubuhlobo bocansi kwezinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kwenqubo.
- Ungasebenzisi imithi yokwelapha yendawo - ukhilimu, ama-suppository wesifazane.
- Uma owesifazane echitha izilinganiso - izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kokuthatha izinqubo zokubamba i-swab stop.
- Amahora amabili ngaphambi kokucwaninga, umchamo awunqatshelwe.
- Inqubo kufanele iqhutshwe cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhishwa kwenyanga - ngosuku lwesine-5 lwenyanga.
Bathatha kanjani i-swab kusuka kwesifazane?
I-smear kwi-microflora ye-vagin isithathwa ngumjozi wezifo. Owesifazane ukhona esihlalweni somzimba. Udokotela ubeka isibuko ngokucophelela ukuze afinyelele ezindongeni zesifazane. Indaba ithathwa nge-spatula etholakalayo, oyinyumba. Inqubo ngokwayo ayibuhlungu. Insizwa encane iyayizwa intombazane kuphela ngesikhathi sampula.
Ukuqothula okuvela kulesiswini kudluliselwa kwisilayidi. Isampula ithunyelwa ebhokisatri. I-laboratory ye-lab iveza izinto ezincane, zibala inani lezinhlobo zamangqamuzana, zifaka amanani ngokuphetha. Umphumela wenqubo uyamukelwa ngowesifazane ngosuku olufanayo noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuxhomeke emsebenzini wokusebenza we-laboratory, inani lamasampuli athathwe kulwazi.
I-gynecological smear - okulotshiwe
I-gynecological smear on the flora, i-decoding eyenziwa yedwa udokotela, isiza ukucacisa isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sama-microorganisms azuzisayo kuma-pathogens. Ekuphetheni, odokotela basebenzisa izifinyezo ezithile zezinhlamvu zesiLatini:
- V - ubulili. Izinombolo ezilandelayo kule ncwadi zibonisa okuqukethwe kwalesi sigaba sesistimu yokuzala;
- C (isibeletho) yisibeletho sesisu. Amanani akhombisa ushintsho oluningi ekubunjweni kwamagciwane ezincane kule ndawo;
- U (urethra) yi-urethra.
Kubesifazane abanempilo, kuphela i-lactobacilli kanye namangqamuzana angamhlophe egazi omhlophe atholakala ku-smear. I-Kokkovaya flora, i-erythrocytes, inqwaba ye-leukocyte ikhombisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala ohlelweni lokuzala. Ngakho-ke, uma kutholakala i-trichomonads, odokotela baxilongwa ngokuthi "i-trichomoniasis", ukuba khona kwe-gonococci kuyisibonakaliso sesifo esinjenge-gonorrhea. Imiphumela enjalo iyinkomba yokuhlola okuqhubekayo.
I-gymetic smear - evamile
Ukuhlola isisindo esivela kulesiswini, okujwayelekile okubekwe ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abesifazane, odokotela banakekele izinkomba ezilandelayo:
1. Leukocytes. Umkhuba we-leukocytes ku-smear ye-gynecological kanje:
- esesiswini - kufika kumaseli angu-10 emkhakheni wokubuka;
- intamo - 0-30;
- urethra - kuze kufike ezinyunithi ezingu-5 emkhakheni wokubuka we-microscope.
2. Amaseli e- epithelial - emiphumeleni kuzo zonke izikhundla ezibonisiwe abhala "ngokulinganisela". Ngokunyuka kokubaluleka kokukhuluma ngenqubo yokuvuvukala, ukuntuleka kungabonisa ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwama-estrogens.
3. I- Mucus:
- isisu nesisu somlomo - ngokulinganisela;
- urethra - engekho noma ngokulinganisela;
4. Ama- gram-positive (ama-gr. +):
- isisu - inamba enkulu;
- umlomo wesibeletho - engekho;
- urethra - ayisekho.
5. Izinduku ze-Gram-negative (gr.-) - azikho ndawo yonke indawo. Ubukhona bubonisa i-dysbacteriosis yesisu, izinqubo zokuvuvukala.
Ama-leukocytes ase-gymetic smear
Ama-leukocytes ase-vaginal smear akhona ngesamba esisodwa. Ngokunyuka okukhulu kwenani lala maseli kungafaki inqubo yokuvuvukala. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuxilonga zenziwa: i-ultrasound ye-pelvis encane, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo, igazi lama-hormone. Phakathi kwezifo ezivamile lapho ukuhlushwa kwama-leukocyte kwanda khona, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa:
- i-colpitis - i-mucosa yangasese igcwele;
- cervicitis - ukuvuvukala komlomo wesibeletho;
- i-urethritis - inqubo yokuvuvukala ohlelweni lwe-urinary;
- i-adnexitis - ukuvuvukala kwama-appendages;
- i-endometritis - isifo sokuvuvukala esibelethweni.
Ziyini "amangqamuzana ayisihluthulelo" ku-smear ye-gynecological?
Ukutadisha i-smear ye-gynecological kuhilela ukubala amangqamuzana ayisihluthulelo. Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izakhiwo zamaselula ze-epithelium flat. Ebusweni babo ngokuvamile kutholakala izinyoni ezincane. Ngokuvamile lezi yizintambo ezincane - amasinni. Bhekisela esimeni-pathogenic - nge-concentration encane ayibangeli ukugula. Noma kunjalo, ukubonakala kwabo ku-smear kuyisignali kudokotela ukuze baqhubeke nokucwaninga. Ngokuqondile lesi simo sinqunyelwe i-dysbacteriosis - ukwephulwa kwesilinganiso samagciwane ezincane okuzuzisayo kuya ku-pathogenic.
Ama-hand in smear gynecological
I-smear encane yezinkinga ezincane ezithinta izimbali, umsizi we-laboratory uyabalwa kanye nenani lamathangi. Isisekelo salo lonke inani lalezi zakhi zamaselula ku-smear yi-lactobacilli - izinti zikaDodderlein. Ziwusizo, zakha i-microflora yangokwemvelo evamile. Ukunciphisa inani labo kubonisa i-dysbacteriosis edinga imithi.
I-degree of cleanness of smear gynecological
Ngemuva kwe-smear phezu kwe-flora kusuka kwesifazane, odokotela esiphethweni bakhombisa izinga lokuhlanzeka kwesifazane. Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukukhomba isilinganiso sobunjwa bokulinganisa nokulinganisa kwe-microflora. Ngokuvamile, lolu cwaningo lubhekwa njengesifo smear ngezinga lokuhlanzeka kwesifazane. Kukhona ama-degree angu-4:
- I-1 degree - i-lactobacilli in the smear yakha iningi lazo zonke izinambuzane, amaseli epithelial kanye neukocytes cishe engekho, le ndlela kuyinto evamile;
- I-degree 2 - emkhakheni wombono ingabonakala ibhaktheriya eyodwa ye-gram-negative (ama-infectious agents);
- I-3 degrees - i-smear ethathwe ebiswini, iqukethe inqwaba yebhaktheriya ye-pathogenic, kunezibonakaliso zezifo zesifo somzimba (ukuchithwa kwamathambo ngokushintsha okuguquguqukayo, ivolumu, ukushisa, ukuvutha);
- Izifo ezincane ezine- pathogenic zichitha ngokuphelele i-lactobacilli ewusizo, zikhona i-leucocytes emakhulwini amakhulu, leli phethini liyinto ejwayelekile yokuguliswa kwezifo zesisu.