Le myuziyamu iyaziwa yiwo wonke amaqiniso wezobuciko. I-Prado Museum eMadrid ingenye yezindawo ezivakashelwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuqoqwe izivalo ezinhle kakhulu zoKuvuselela kanye neNew Time.
Uphi i-Museum ye-Prado?
EMadrid, njengamadolobha amaningi asendulo, kunedolobha elidala. Yilapho lapho izinto ezinkulu zomlando zikhona. Endaweni lapho i-Prado Museum ikhona khona, konke okungaholela ekujabuliseni kuqoqwe: imisebenzi yobuciko, imidwebo ehlukahlukene yokuvubukula, izingubo zasendulo nezindleko zemali. I-National Museum ye-Prado, kanye neTyssen-Boreamis Museums ne-Queen Sophia Arts Centre, yakha i-Art Gallery. Indawo, eBoulevard Paseo del Prado, futhi yanikeza igama layo emnyuziyamu.
Umlando weMashi Museum
Isisekelo sokuqoqwa kweMicrosoft yaseMaddo eMadrid yadalwa lapho iNkosi uCharles V. ibusa eSpain. INkosi yayikujabulela ngempela imisebenzi kaTiti, Tintoretto, Veronese. Kwakukhona naye ukudala iqoqo eliyingqayizivele laqala. Esikhathini esizayo, leli cala laqhubeka lobukhosi bamaBourbons namaHabsburgs.
Ukwakhiwa kweMicrosoft yaseMaddo eMadrid yaqala ngaphansi kweNkosi Charles III yaseSpain ngezidingo zombuso. Nokho, lesi sakhiwo saqala ukusebenza ngaphansi kokubusa kukaCharles VII, owaphendulela lo makhiwo waba yimyuziyamu yokudweba nokudweba. Ngo-November 1819, kwaba khona ukuvulwa okukhulu kwemyuziyamu, okwakuqala ukukhulelwa njengendlela yokubonisa ingcebo yokuqoqwa kwendlu yobukhosi yaseSpain. Ngesikhathi sokuvulwa, kwakunezingubo ezingu-311. Yilapho leyo museum ibizwa khona.
Phakathi nesikhathi salo khona, umyuziyamu uthathe izinguquko eziningi. Ngo-1826-1827, imidwebo yanikezwa imidwebo, eyayigcinwa ngaphambilini esikoleni saseSan Fernando. Esikhathini sango-1836 emva kokuvalwa kwezikhungo zemfundo zesonto zonke izindinganiso zobuciko zathunyelwa eMnyuziyamu kaZwelonke, bese zithuthela eMyuziyamu yasePrado.
Phakathi neMpi Yomphakathi, yonke imidwebo evela eMyuziyamu yaseMaddo eMadrid yathunyelwa eSwitzerland. Ngenhlanhla, ngo-1936 le myuziyamu yaphinde yaqala ukuhlala, kodwa hhayi yonke imiboniso eyabuyela ezihlalweni zazo. Amanye emidwebo ase-Geneva.
Museo del Prado eMadrid: imidwebo
Iningi ngokugcwele emnyuziyamu kukhona indalo kaVelasquez neGoya. Ngokuvamile, ukuqoqwa kwemidwebo kungu-4,800 ukudweba. Ngakho iqoqo libhekwa njengelikhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni jikelele. Emnyuziyamu kukhona imidwebo ka-El Greco, iZurbaran, Alonso Kana, Ribera nabanye abaningi. I-museum yavulwa ngesikhathi sokuphila kweGoya, kodwa imidwebo yabonakala kuyo kuphela ngemva kokufa kwenkosi.
Isikole sase-Italy siphinde senziwe yimidwebo engaphezu kweyinkulungwane. Esikhathini esidlule, bonke babekhona emhlanganweni wenkosi, begcwaliswa ngamakhulu ambalwa eminyaka. Iningi lemidwebo iyingxenye yekhulu le-XVII-XVIII. Kuphela kwemisebenzi kaTitian kunemibala engama-40. Kulo qoqo kukhona imisebenzi kaFra Angelico, Botticelli, Mantegna. Imisebenzi kaRafael, iVeronoz itholakala emahholo omnyuziyamu.
Ukudweba kwabalandeli be-Flemish kubonisa ukuqoqwa kwemisebenzi kaBoss, uJan van Eyck, uJames Jordaens, uRubens. Kuyinto ukuqoqwa kwemidwebo kaRubens efundwa kahle iparele leqoqo le-Flemish school. Zonke izidalwa zakhe emnyuziyamu zinamidwebo angu-90.
Phakathi kwezinye izikole i-museum ivumela ukubona imiboniso yabadwebi be-Great Britain, i-France, i-Germany ne-Holland. Yiqiniso, ukuhlukahluka okunjalo nokulingana, njengasesikoleni esedlule, ngeke ubone, kodwa izethulo azijabulisi neze. Phakathi kobuciko bemikhumbi yasePrado ngumsebenzi kaFra Angelico - I-Annunciation, i-Hieronymus Bosch - I-Garden of Delights, Earthworks, i-El Greco - Ihloniphekile ngesandla esifubeni sakhe, uRafael - Cardinal noRubens - Three Graces.