I-Ischemia yobuchopho ezisanda kuzalwa ingama-60%, futhi ngokusho kwemithombo ethile kuze kufike kuma-80% kuwo wonke umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi. Iphesenti elinjalo le-pathology libangelwa izimo ezingavumelekile zendawo, kanye nezifo zabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubonakaliswa kwe-pathology yokukhulelwa, futhi, ngokudakayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwezobuchwepheshe bokubeletha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuvuselelwa kwanamuhla. Lezo zingane ezazibhujiswa zathola ithuba lokusinda. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kubakhulule ekubunjweni okungenzeka kwezilonda zamapulangwe, izidakamizwa ze-cerebral zesimiso se-central central noma izinkinga ezinkulu ze-motor (cerebral palsy).
Kuyini ubuchopho ischemia?
Incephalopathy ye-hypoxic-ischemic iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: i-hypoxia ne-ischemia.
- I-hypoxia ingase ibe ngenxa yokungenwa ngokwanele kwe-oksijini emntwaneni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (ukungavamile okuphazamisekile ngokuphulwa kwegazi kuyo, ukungena kwintambo noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-iron anemia kumama) noma ngezifo zokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
- I-Ischemia ibonakala njengokwephulwa kwesimiso senhliziyo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka uma kune-hypotension ye-postnatal, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-acidosis, ukuntuleka kwe-electrolytes.
Indlela eyinkimbinkimbi yomonakalo kumaseli wesimiso sezinzwa isungulwe. Into engathandeki kakhulu kule nkinga ukuthi le nqubo ingabambezeleka ngesikhathi. Isiqephu se-hypoxia noma i-ischemia ezisanda kuzalwa sisekude kakhulu, futhi sekuvele kwenziwa ushintsho lwezinto ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane ayikho imikhakha yokukhokha ngokugcwele yokugcinwa kwesikhashana sokugeleza kwegazi okuvamile. Ngokushesha, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka, okuholela e-cerebral edema ne-necrosis esilandelayo noma i-apoptosis yamaseli. Imiphumela ingaba yinto engalindelekile kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-ischemia
Ukunciphisa imiphumela, ngo-2005, kwamukelwe umthetho wokusiza izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngengqondo ischemia "Izimiso zokuzinzisa isimo sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngemva kwe-asphyxia". Ngokuya ngesilinganiso se-cerebral ischemia, izinhlinzeko ezahlukene zokwelapha zinikwe.
Ukucindezeleka noma ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS kuyisici se-ischemia yesilinganiso sokuqala samazinsana futhi singapheli izinsuku ezingu-5-7. Ngezinga elilinganiselwe - izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-7 ngokunamathela ekuthinjeni, ukugonywa komfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nezitho zangaphakathi. Izinga elikhulu liholela ekukhohliseni nase-coma.