Ukwandiswa kwezicubu kanye nokwandiswa kwengubo ye-thyroid ngesayizi yisifo esijwayelekile kakhulu esenzeka ngisho nakumuntu onempilo enhle. Kuze kube sesiteji esithile, kubhekwa njengesici esingenacala esingenacala, hhayi usongo. Kodwa ngaphandle kokwelapha okwanele ngesikhathi esifanele, i-hyperplasia ye-thyroid ingathuthuka ngokushesha futhi ikhule ibe yisifo esibi esengozini yokuba nezinkinga eziyingozi.
Izimbangela nezinhlobo ze-pathology
Isici esiyinhloko esibangela ukuthi izifo ezichazwe yizifo ezingenakwanele zokukhiqiza kwama-hormone. Ngenxa yalokho, umshini wokukhokha ususelwe, lapho izicubu ze-thyroid zithuthukiswa ngamandla, okwenza ukwanda kwesitho. Izizathu zezinqubo ezinjalo ziyizi:
- ukutheleleka;
- i-tumor ye-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland;
- goiter Hashimoto;
- ukuntuleka kwe-iodine;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba omzimba kanye ne-endocrine, ngokuvamile - okubangelwa yi-congenital;
- ukukhulelwa, ukuhluleka kwe-hormonal ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene;
- izicubu zegciwane le-thyroid.
Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-hyperplasia:
- diffuse;
- i-nodal;
- kuxutshwe.
Futhi, lesi sifo sibalwa ngokusho kwesigaba sokuthuthukiswa, kunezinhlanu.
Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukusakaza i-thyroid gland hyperplasia
Lolu hlobo lwesifo lukhuphuke ngokulinganayo ngobukhulu bomzimba kanye nokwanda kwezicubu. Azikho izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ngokuvamile, ukusabalalisa i-hyperplasia kuyisibonakaliso:
- i-goiter eyingozi, eyomile kakhulu;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala emthonjeni wegciwane;
- izicubu ze-hormonal ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi.
I-hyperplasia ye-neodular ye-gland yegciwane
Lolu hlobo lwe-pathology lubonakala ngokuba khona kwama-single-poop ne-multiple, okwakhiwe kahle kakhulu (okunamandla kakhulu) kunezicubu zegciwane le-thyroid.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ama-nodes ngezinye izikhathi afinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile avame ukukhombisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-nodular goiter.
I-hyperplasia ehlukumezayo-nodular ye-gland yegciwane
Uhlobo oluxubile lwesifo luhlanganisa izici zombili izinhlobo zangaphambili. Ngokumelene nesimiso sokunyuka komfaniswano kwendleko yenani legciwane le-thyroid, izicubu ezingashadile noma eziningi ze-character nodular ziyabonakala. Ukukhula kwesigungu kanye nama-neoplasms kungahluka.
Loluhlobo lwe-pathology luhambisana nokucwaninga okuphelele kakhulu nokubonwa njalo, njengoba kuvame ukuholela ekuthuthukiseni izicubu ezimbi ezingasebenzi.
I-hyperplasia ejwayelekile ye-gland ye-thyroid 1 no-2 degrees, isigaba se-zero
Isifo esichazwe siyibhekwa njengesiphambeko sezimonyo futhi asibeka ingozi kumazinga angu-0-2 yentuthuko. Isigaba sokuqala se-hyperplasia sibonakala ngokunyuka okuncane emgodini wegciwane. Isidumbu asinakulinganiswa futhi sibonakale singabonakali.
Isigaba sokuqala sihambisane nokunikezwa kwesisindo somgogodla ngesikhathi sokugwinya, ngesikhathi esifanayo kunokwenzeka ukuba kulungiswe. Ngaphandle, ukwanda akutholakali.
Ukuze i-hyperplasia ye-degree yesibili, ukukhula komzimba okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kuyisici, i-gland yegciwane ilula kalula ekuhlolweni.
Lezi zigaba azikho izimpawu ezengeziwe ezizenzekelayo, uma kungekho-hypo-hyperction of the gland yegciwane, umonakalo wayo ku-anamnesis.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwesifo yilesi:
- ukuqapha (ukubuka okuvamile);
- i-hormonal replacement therapy (ekhethiwe ngokwayo);
- ukulungiswa kokudla kanye nokwengezwa kwemikhiqizo eline-iodine .
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperplasia yegciwane le-thyroid 3-5 degrees
Izigaba zesifo esicatshangelwayo zihambisana nokwanda okunamandla emzimbeni (goiter), ushintsho ekujuleni kwentamo. I-degree yokugcina ibhekene nobunzima emgomweni wokuphefumula nokugwinya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezimpukane ezibukhali esisisindo, ukuvuvukala, nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Uma izitho nezicubu ezizungeze igulane le-thyroid zinyanyiswa kakhulu, kuhlinzekwa ukuhlinzwa okuhlinzekwa ukukhipha ama-node, uma ikhona, futhi kuncishise ubukhulu be-gland. Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa kwe-hormone.