I-gastroenteritis - ukuvuvukala kwebhubhisi elimangcwaba yesisu namathumbu. Lesi sifo sinzima noma singapheli. Iqala emva kokuthatha imithi ethile, kodwa kaningi ibangelwa ama-bacteria, ama-parasites namagciwane (i-rotaviruses, i-caliciviruses, i-adenovirus). Uma umuntu omdala ethola ukuthi une-gastroenteritis esithathelwanayo, ungumthombo wokutheleleka kwabanye.
Izimpawu ze-gastroenteritis
Ukuhlaselwa isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuyizimpawu zesifo se-gastroenteritis kubantu abadala abafuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Yileyo ndlela umzimba ozama ngayo ukususa imbangela yesifo kusuka esiswini. Uma ukwelashwa kungatholakali, isiguli siqala ukuhuda. Kungaba isitoreji esisheshayo noma isifo sohudo esiphuthumayo. Kunoma yikuphi, isifo sohudo sisusa izinto eziwusizo namanzi emzimbeni, okubangela ukuphela kwamanzi.
Ezinye izibonakaliso ze-gastroenteritis ekulu kubantu abadala:
- ukuvuvukala - ngesifo esinjalo, ukubunjwa kwegesi kuvame ukukhula, okwenza ngezinye izikhathi kubangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu;
- ubuhlungu esiswini - kubonakala ngenxa yezinambuzane zamathumbu;
- imfiva - ngenxa yokudakwa komzimba ezigulini eziningi kukhulisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa.
Abanye abantu abanalesi sifo abahluleki ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, umzimba uvikela i-mucosa evuthayo yegciwane lokugaya.
Ku-gastroenteritis engavamile, abantu abadala bakhula izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
- umsindo ozwakalayo we-peristalsis;
- ukumboza omhlophe olimini .
Ukwelashwa kwe-gastroenteritis
Lapho izimpawu zokuqala ze-gastroenteritis ekhulile kubantu abadala, kufanele uqale ukwelashwa futhi unciphise ukudla okudliwayo. Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa uketshezi nge-stool njalo bese uhlanza, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi okusheshayo kungenzeka, ngakho-ke udinga ukuphuza okuningi, kodwa ngezigaba ezincane. Kungcono ukungasebenzisi amanzi ajwayelekile, kodwa isisombululo saline (engeza u-10 g usawoti kanye no-20 g ushukela ku-1 litre lamanzi). Faka isicelo sokugcwalisa ukulahlekelwa okuketshezi futhi uphelelwe emanzini amakhemikhali e-podder for rehydration. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i- Regidron noma i-Oralit.
Ngokuphelelwa amandla ngokweqile, ukuvuselelwa ngomlomo ngokwanele akwanele. Kulesi simo, ukwelashwa kwe-gastroenteritis kubantu abadala, i-saline yomzimba, i-Reopoliglyukin nesisombululo se-5% se-glucose, esetshenziswa ngokuqondile. Ngokuvamile, iziguli zitholakala ukuthi zine-vitamin ukuntula, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kufaka ukungenisa amavithamini ama-B noma izakhi eziningi ze-multivitamin.
Ukuze ubuyisele i-mucosa yezinyosi namathumbu nge-gastroenteritis kubantu abadala, ama-different agents ane-astringent ne-enveloping anikezwa iziguli. Kungaba uDe-nol noma iTanalbin. I-Physiotherapy iphumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo esinjalo:
- ukufudumala kunciphisa;
- inductothermy;
- izicelo zeparafini;
- i-ozocerite.
Ngokuvamile nge-gastroenteritis, ukwakheka okuvamile kwe-microflora emathumbu kuphazamiseka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuthatha i-Bifidumbacterin, i-Linex, i-Acipole noma amanye ama-prebiotics.
Ukudla nge-gastroenteritis
Ukuhambisana nokuphuza izidakamizwa nokudla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha i-gastroenteritis kubantu abadala ngemva kokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala. Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi yesifo udinga ukudla amabhisikidi kuphela okwenziwa ngesinkwa esimhlophe, irayisi noma i-oatmeal. Ukudla kufanele kwahlukaniswe, futhi izingxenye - ezincane. Ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu ziphelile, ukudla kunganconywa. Ukudla kuvunyelwe:
- noma yikuphi iphariji elifakwe emanzini;
- imifino ebilisiwe;
- imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe;
- izinhlobo ezincane zamafutha enyama nenhlanzi;
- isinkwa esomile.
Phuza i-jelly engcono kakhulu, ama-juice wezithelo, itiye kanye ne-compotes.
Phakathi nenyanga isiguli asivunyelwe ukusebenzisa:
- ubhontshisi;
- i-confectionery;
- iziphuzo ze-carbonated;
- ukupheka;
- okuthosiwe, amafutha, izitsha ezibabayo;
- imikhiqizo esiphelile;
- imikhiqizo yokudla okusheshayo.