Namuhla igama elithi "cholesterol" litholakala ezinhlelweni zethelevishini ezizinikele ezempilo, kokubili ezimakethe futhi ngendlela yobhaliso emikhakheni yemikhiqizo: "Awuqukethe i-cholesterol." Kunolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nemiphumela emibi ye-cholesterol eyengeziwe: ukutholakala kwesifo somzimba, ukwehlukana kwe-myocardial infarction, ukuya emagqumeni amaningi, ngisho nasekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo.
Noma kunjalo, i-cholesterol iqukethe egazini lezilwane, kuhlanganise nabantu, futhi umuntu akanakuqondisa ukulwa ne-cholesterol ukulungisa impilo ngendlela eyodwa - ukunciphisa inani lalo. AmaGreki asendulo ayeqinisile lapho bexoxa ngezinkulumo zabo zefilosofi baqaphela ukuthi leli golide lalibalulekile kukho konke. Ngempela, njengokwenza umkhuba, i-cholesterol encane iyingozi empilweni kanye nokuphazamiseka. Ake sihlolisise lesi sihloko bese sinquma izinga lalezi zinto, thola ukuthi kungani sidinga futhi sicabange ukuthi yini echaphazela izinga layo.
Iyini i-cholesterol futhi kungani idinga umuntu?
Umkhuba we-cholesterol egazini lomuntu uqinisekisa umsebenzi ojwayelekile wamaseli. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-cholesterol iyisisekelo sezingqamuzana zamangqamuzana, ngakho-ke, uma okuqukethwe kwayo kunciphisa, khona-ke "izinto zokwakha" ziyoba namandla futhi amangqamuzana ngeke asebenze kahle, aphule ngokushesha. Iseli alikwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngaphandle kwe-cholesterol, ngakho-ke lapho lingekho, ukukhula akunakwenzeka, okusho ukuthi kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Umzimba womuntu ngokwawo uveza i-cholesterol esibindi (nayo ikwazi ukuhlanganisa zonke amaseli ngaphandle kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, kodwa ngokuqhathanisa nesibindi, zinikeza inani elincane lalezi zinto), futhi liphinde lihlanganyele ekubunjweni kwe-bile.
I-cholesterol iyasiza futhi izigulane ezidalwa ukudala ama-hormone e-steroid futhi ihileleke ekubunjweni kwe-vitamin D3, evumela ukuthi izicubu zethambo zibe namandla.
Njengoba unikezwe lolu lwazi, kuphakama umbuzo onengqondo: kungani amazinga e-cholesterol aphansi?
Kodwa lapha kuvela ukuthi yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba ukudlula kwalesi sici kuholela ekugugeni: kubuthelela emangqamuzaneni yeseli, kuhlalise ezitsheni kanye namafomu okuphazamisa ukushintshaniswa kwe-oxygen, ngakho-ke umzimba wonke uhlupheka. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukulwa ne-cholesterol, idinga ukulawulwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-cholesterol kanye namagugu avamile
Ukuze uqaphele izinga le-cholesterol, udinga ukunikeza igazi ukuhlaziywa okuzobonisa okuqukethwe kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zalesi sici:
- i-cholesterol esiphelele;
- I-HDL ye-cholesterol (high -ensity lipoprotein);
- I-LDL-cholesterol (i-low-density lipoprotein);
- triglycerides.
Namuhla, kunombono wokuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-cholesterol ziyingozi, kanti ezinye ziyasiza. Lapho echaza isimiso (okuqhubekayo), lesi sikhundla sizocatshangelwa.
Iyini isimiso se-cholesterol egazini neyunithi yokulinganisa mol / l?
Kwamanye laboratories, i-cholesterol ilinganiswa ngamayunithi ka mmol / L. Ukunikezwa phambili kwegazi akukwazi ukuba amahora angu-6-8 bese uzinqwabelana ngokuzivocavoca umzimba, tk. lokhu kungathinta izinga layo.
- Uma une-cholesterol ephelele egazini kusuka ku-3.1 kuya ku-6.4 mmol / l, khona-ke lokhu kuyinto evamile, futhi ukukhathazeka akukho sizathu.
- Isimiso esivumelekile se-LDL cholesterol egazini - abesifazane besuka ku-1.92 kuya ku-4.51 mmol / l, kanye nobulili obuqinile - kusuka ku-2.25 kuya ku-4.82 mmol / l. Kukholelwa ukuthi lena yiyona "eyingozi kakhulu" ye-cholesterol, eyingozi empilweni, ngoba lenza ama-plaque ezitsheni.
- I-cholesterol ye-HDL emadodeni ivamile, uma iqukethwe ebangeni kusuka ku-0.7 kuya ku-1.73 mmol / l, futhi okujwayelekile kule cholesterol kwabesifazane kuvela ku-0.86 kuya ku-2.28 mmol / l. Yilokho okubizwa okuthiwa "okuwusizo" kwe-cholesterol, noma kunjalo, okuphansi, kungcono.
- Kumele futhi kucatshangelwe ukuthi abanye odokotela banombono wokuthi eminyakeni yobudala kunomkhuba we-cholesterol kanye noshukela egazini, kodwa futhi bayavuma ukuthi kungcono ukulwela isimiso esijwayelekile sezinto eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, uma ku-laboratory imingcele ye-overestimated yalezi zinto ichazwa, kuyadingeka ukubhekana nodokotela abaningana ngencazelo yesithombe esinokwethenjelwa sempilo.
Iyini isimiso se-cholesterol egazini ene unit of mg / dl?
- I-cholesterol yonke kule nqubo yokulinganisa ivamile, uma isibalo singekho ngaphezu kuka-200 mg / dl, kodwa inani elivunyelwe kakhulu lingama 240 mg / dl.
- I-HDL kufanele ibe okungenani i-35 mg / dl.
- I-LDL - ayikho ngaphezu kuka-100 mg / dl (umuntu onesifo senhliziyo) futhi engaphezu kuka-130 mg / ml (kubantu abanempilo).
Uma isibalo sisuka ku-130 kuya ku-160 mg / dl, kusho ukuthi izinga le-cholesterol lizinga eliphakeme elivumelekile futhi lizodinga ukulungiswa ngokudla. - I-Triglycerides iyinto evamile uma ikhona egazini ibe ngu-200 mg / dL, futhi inani elivunyelwe kakhulu lapha lizoba kusuka ku 200 kuya ku 400 mg / dl.
Kungakanani, nokuthi ngabe izinga elivamile le-cholesterol egazini, lizokutshela isilinganiso se-LDL ne-HDL: uma owokuqala ephansi kuneyesibili, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibikezelo esihle (lokhu kwenziwa ukuhlola ingozi yezifo ze-vascular).