- Ikheli: Santa Cruz, Argentina
- Ubude obuphelele: 160 m
Enye yezindawo ezindala kunazo zonke futhi ezingaqondakali e- Argentina kufanele ibhekwe njengeCueva de las Manos - umhume eningizimu yezwe, esifundazweni saseSanta Cruz. I-Cueva de las Manos ngesiSpanishi isho ukuthi "umhume wezandla", ochaza kahle le ndawo. Phakathi kwezokuvakasha, umhume usuvele udumile kakhulu ngenxa yobuciko be-rock ngezindlela zezandla eziningi ezishiywe yizizwe zamaNdiya. Le midwebo ibonakala injabulo yezingane - ukulandelela isundu kwiphepha. Kusukela ngo-1991, okuphawulekayo kuluhlu lwamaGugu oMhlaba we-UNESCO futhi kubhekwa njengendawo ebalulekile emlandweni.
Ukungafani komhume
I-Cueva de las Manos isendaweni yePatagonia eduze kwedolobha laseBajo Caracoles esigodini somfula eRio Pinturas. Eqinisweni, Umgede wezandla unamapulangwe amaningana ahlukahlukene, ubude obuphelele obuyi-160 m. Kulula ukulahleka kule ndawo, ngakho-ke izivakashi azivunyelwe kuzo zonke izigodla, kodwa kuphela ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi eziphephile. Ungavakashela umhume obaluleke kunawo wonke, ubude bawo bufinyelela kumamitha angu-10, futhi ukujula kungamamitha angu-24. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubanzi kakhulu, ububanzi obukhulu balo mhume buyi-15 m. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuze kufike ku-8th c. lapha behlala emadolobheni aseNdiya aseMdabu.
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Ububanzi bombala we-rock art
Inombolo enkulu kakhulu yezithombe, izintende zezandla ezingaphezu kuka-800, zisemhumeni omkhulu uCueva de las Manos. Iningi lemidwebo yenziwa ngendlela engalungile. Baphinde babone izithombe ezinhle, ezabonakala kamuva. Umbala wezintende zezandla zihlukile: kunezinhlamvu ezibomvu, eziphuzi, ezimnyama nezimhlophe. Ngumuphi umthetho umbala wezithombe okhethiwe, ososayensi abazange basungulwe. Omdala kunazo zonke zingezangekhulu le-IX, futhi okushicilelwe kamuva kulandiswa ngekhulu le-X.
Ukudweba kweDwala kwakugcinwe emhumeni ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamaminithi okugaya amaminerali. Lezi zidwebo zenziwa ngosizo lwamathanga amathanga, atholwa abavubukuli emhumeni. Njengoba nje ngosizo lwezilimo eziyizigaxa, ososayensi baye bakwazi ukuthola isikhathi semifanekiso. AmaNdiya anombala omhlophe atholakele, enezela ku-tube iron oxide, ukuze athole umbala omnyama wase-manganese oxide. I-White itholwe ngenxa yomthunzi ofanele wobumba, ne-yellow-natrouarosite.
Emadongeni emhumeni i-Cueva de las Manos, izivakashi azikwazi ukubona kuphela imiqulu yesundu, kodwa neminye imidwebo ebonisa izici zokuphila nokuphila kwezizwe zaseNdiya. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ekuzingeleni izigcawu. Angasetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi amaNdiya ayezingelaphi. Emhumeni kukhona imidwebo yezintshe-nandu, i-guanaco, abameleli abahlukahlukene bezinhlanzi nezinye izilwane. Futhi kukhona izinyathelo zezilwane, kanye nezibalo ze-geometri, kanye nama-hieroglyphs ahlukahlukene ashiywe ngabakhileyo emhumeni.
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Ubani ophethe isandla sakho?
Ngemva kokutadisha umhume uCueva de las Manos e-Argentina, ososayensi banqume ukuthi izinhlamvu zesigqabha ziningi kakhulu ezingabantwana abafana. Futhi ukwakha umdwebo, sasebenzisa isandla sokunxele. Ngokusho kososayensi, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isandla sokunene kulula ukudweba nokubamba ithubhu. I-Lefties ishiye ukushicilela kwesandla sokunene. Abavubukuli baye bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi i-rock art iyimbangela yomkhosi wokuqala. Lapho intombazane iba yindoda, yadlula ama-sakramente ambalwa, okunye okwakuwuphawu lwesigqabha esiphezulu emadongeni emhume lapho isizwe sakhe sasihlala khona. Iqiniso lokuthi emhumeni lapho kwakuhlala izizwe zaseNdiya, zithi zithole izinto zokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Ungafika kanjani emgodini wezandla?
I-Cueva de las Manos Cave ifinyeleleke kakhulu kuBajo Caracoles. Kusuka lapha ngemoto endleleni engu-RP97, isikhathi sokuhamba cishe cishe ihora elilodwa, ku-RN40 - cishe amahora angu-1.5. Endaweni, ungabhala ukuvakasha nomqondisi onolwazi, ozokutshela mayelana nencazelo yesithombe ngasinye.
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